Details of the Drug Combination

General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DC98XN4)

• Drug Combination Name: Zaleplon + Diazoxide
• Indication: Chronic myelogenous leukemia; Status: Investigative [1]
• Component Drugs:
  Zaleplon (DMGFWSM): Small molecular drug
  Diazoxide (DML1538): Small molecular drug
• High-throughput Screening Result:
  Testing Cell Line: KBM-7
  Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 1.53
  Bliss Independence Score: 1.53
  Loewe Additivity Score: 2.2
  LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 2.2

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Indication(s) of Zaleplon

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Insomnia	7A00-7A0Z	Approved	[2]
Sleep disorder, initiating and maintaining sleep	N.A.	Investigative	[3]

Zaleplon Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
GABA(A) receptor alpha-1 (GABRA1)	TT1MPAY	GBRA1_HUMAN	Modulator	[6]

Zaleplon Interacts with 4 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	DE4LYSA	CP3A4_HUMAN	Metabolism	[7]
Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5)	DEIBDNY	CP3A5_HUMAN	Metabolism	[8]
Cytochrome P450 3A7 (CYP3A7)	DERD86B	CP3A7_HUMAN	Metabolism	[8]
Aldehyde oxidase (AOX1)	DEAWHS8	AOXA_HUMAN	Metabolism	[9]

Indication(s) of Diazoxide

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Congenital hyperinsulinism	5A4Y	Approved	[4]
Hyperinsulinemia	5A4Y	Approved	[4]
Hypertension	BA00-BA04	Approved	[5]
Hypertensive emergency	BA03	Approved	[4]
Insulinoma	2C10.1	Approved	[4]
Malignant essential hypertension	BA00	Approved	[4]

Diazoxide Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Potassium channel unspecific (KC)	TT1VOHK	NOUNIPROTAC	Modulator	[6]

Diazoxide Interacts with 8 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)	OT4IE164	TNFA_HUMAN	Decreases Secretion	[10]
Interleukin-6 (IL6)	OTUOSCCU	IL6_HUMAN	Decreases Secretion	[10]
Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit (NFKB1)	OTNRRD8I	NFKB1_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[11]
Interleukin-10 (IL10)	OTIRFRXC	IL10_HUMAN	Decreases Secretion	[10]
G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 (CCND1)	OT8HPTKJ	CCND1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[12]
Catenin beta-1 (CTNNB1)	OTZ932A3	CTNB1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[12]
Bcl-2-like protein 1 (BCL2L1)	OTRC5K9O	B2CL1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[11]
ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 11 (KCNJ11)	OTPUUELV	KCJ11_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[13]

References

• [1] Recurrent recessive mutation in deoxyguanosine kinase causes idiopathic noncirrhotic portal hypertension.Hepatology. 2016 Jun;63(6):1977-86. doi: 10.1002/hep.28499. Epub 2016 Mar 31.
• [2] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 4345).
• [3] Zaleplon FDA Label
• [4] Diazoxide FDA Label
• [5] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 2409).
• [6] Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
• [7] Metabolism of zaleplon by human liver: evidence for involvement of aldehyde oxidase. Xenobiotica. 2002 Oct;32(10):835-47.
• [8] Drug Interactions Flockhart Table
• [9] Characterization of aldehyde oxidase enzyme activity in cryopreserved human hepatocytes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2012 Feb;40(2):267-75.
• [10] Antihypertensive drugs clonidine, diazoxide, hydralazine and furosemide regulate the production of cytokines by placentas and peripheral blood mononuclear cells in normal pregnancy. J Hypertens. 2006 May;24(5):915-22. doi: 10.1097/01.hjh.0000222762.84605.03.
• [11] Diazoxide-mediated preconditioning against apoptosis involves activation of cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) and NFkappaB. J Biol Chem. 2004 Nov 5;279(45):46748-54. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M406217200. Epub 2004 Aug 23.
• [12] Diazoxide-mediated growth inhibition in human lung cancer cells via downregulation of beta-catenin-mediated cyclin D1 transcription. Lung. 2009 Jan-Feb;187(1):61-7. doi: 10.1007/s00408-008-9127-1. Epub 2008 Dec 4.
• [13] Combined contributions of over-secreted glucagon-like peptide 1 and suppressed insulin secretion to hyperglycemia induced by gatifloxacin in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2013 Feb 1;266(3):375-84. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.11.015. Epub 2012 Nov 28.