General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCYFGRK)

Drug Combination Name
Repaglinide Hydroxychloroquine
Indication
Disease Entry Status REF
Chronic myelogenous leukemia Investigative [1]
Component Drugs Repaglinide   DM5SXUV Hydroxychloroquine   DMSIVND
Small molecular drug Small molecular drug
2D MOL 2D MOL
3D MOL 3D MOL
High-throughput Screening Result Testing Cell Line: KBM-7
Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 8.14
Bliss Independence Score: 8.14
Loewe Additivity Score: 22.95
LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 22.95

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)
Indication(s) of Repaglinide
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Diabetic complication 5A2Y Approved [2]
Repaglinide Interacts with 2 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
ATP-binding cassette transporter C9 (ABCC9) TTEF5MJ ABCC9_HUMAN Blocker [6]
ATP-binding cassette transporter C8 (ABCC8) TTP835K ABCC8_HUMAN Blocker [6]
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Repaglinide Interacts with 1 DTP Molecule(s)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 (SLCO1B1) DT3D8F0 SO1B1_HUMAN Substrate [7]
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Repaglinide Interacts with 3 DME Molecule(s)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) DE4LYSA CP3A4_HUMAN Metabolism [8]
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) DEYGVN4 UD11_HUMAN Metabolism [9]
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8) DES5XRU CP2C8_HUMAN Metabolism [8]
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Repaglinide Interacts with 6 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1 (SLCO1B1) OTNEN8QK SO1B1_HUMAN Affects Metabolism [10]
Bile salt export pump (ABCB11) OTRU7THO ABCBB_HUMAN Decreases Activity [11]
Interleukin-8 (CXCL8) OTS7T5VH IL8_HUMAN Decreases Expression [12]
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain F (HLA-F) OT76CM19 HLAF_HUMAN Affects Expression [13]
Solute carrier family 15 member 1 (SLC15A1) OT1P16B5 S15A1_HUMAN Decreases Activity [14]
Major histocompatibility complex class I-related gene protein (MR1) OTZU3XX7 HMR1_HUMAN Affects Expression [13]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 6 DOT(s)
Indication(s) of Hydroxychloroquine
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Chronic renal failure GB61.Z Approved [3]
Malaria 1F40-1F45 Approved [4]
Plasmodium falciparum malaria 1F40 Approved [3]
Plasmodium malariae malaria N.A. Approved [3]
Plasmodium ovale malaria N.A. Approved [3]
Systemic lupus erythematosus 4A40.0 Approved [3]
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) 1D6Y Phase 3 [5]
Colon cancer 2B90.Z Investigative [3]
Hydroxychloroquine Interacts with 4 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
HUMAN pH-dependent viral fusion/replication (pH-DVF/R) TTD16BI N.A. Inhibitor [15]
HUMAN glycosylation of host receptor (GHR) TTZGK1R N.A. Inhibitor [15]
Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) TTRJ1K4 TLR7_HUMAN Antagonist [16]
HUMAN toll-like receptor 7/9 signalling pathway (TLR7/9 pathway) TT3A1EZ N.A. Inhibitor [17]
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Hydroxychloroquine Interacts with 1 DTP Molecule(s)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2) DTI7UX6 ABCG2_HUMAN Substrate [18]
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Hydroxychloroquine Interacts with 1 DME Molecule(s)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) DE4LYSA CP3A4_HUMAN Metabolism [19]
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Hydroxychloroquine Interacts with 30 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) OTZJC802 CP2D6_HUMAN Decreases Activity [20]
Interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 3 (IFIT3) OTPGHZB9 IFIT3_HUMAN Increases Expression [21]
CASP8 and FADD-like apoptosis regulator (CFLAR) OTX14BAS CFLAR_HUMAN Decreases Expression [22]
Serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 (ERN1) OTY9R6FZ ERN1_HUMAN Increases Expression [21]
Nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATC1) OT4TMERS NFAC1_HUMAN Affects Expression [23]
Claudin-1 (CLDN1) OT27KV99 CLD1_HUMAN Increases Expression [24]
Interferon beta (IFNB1) OTYQGUB5 IFNB_HUMAN Increases Expression [21]
C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10) OTTLQ6S0 CXL10_HUMAN Increases Expression [21]
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) OTRT3F3U HMDH_HUMAN Affects Expression [25]
Alkaline phosphatase, tissue-nonspecific isozyme (ALPL) OTG7J4BP PPBT_HUMAN Affects Expression [25]
Transcription factor Jun (JUN) OTCYBO6X JUN_HUMAN Increases Phosphorylation [21]
Cathepsin B (CTSB) OTP9G5QB CATB_HUMAN Affects Localization [26]
72 kDa type IV collagenase (MMP2) OT5NIWA2 MMP2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [27]
Interleukin-8 (CXCL8) OTS7T5VH IL8_HUMAN Increases Expression [28]
C-C motif chemokine 2 (CCL2) OTAD2HEL CCL2_HUMAN Increases Expression [28]
NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha (NFKBIA) OTFT924M IKBA_HUMAN Increases Degradation [21]
CD40 ligand (CD40LG) OT75Z6A6 CD40L_HUMAN Decreases Expression [23]
Caspase-3 (CASP3) OTIJRBE7 CASP3_HUMAN Increases Activity [22]
Transcription factor p65 (RELA) OTUJP9CN TF65_HUMAN Increases Expression [21]
Apoptosis regulator BAX (BAX) OTAW0V4V BAX_HUMAN Increases Activity [26]
TNF receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3) OT5TQBGV TRAF3_HUMAN Increases Expression [21]
Nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 2 (NFATC2) OTK5T6HZ NFAC2_HUMAN Affects Localization [23]
Sequestosome-1 (SQSTM1) OTGY5D5J SQSTM_HUMAN Increases Expression [29]
Interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) OT81U8ME IRF3_HUMAN Increases Phosphorylation [21]
Occludin (OCLN) OTSUTVWL OCLN_HUMAN Increases Expression [24]
Mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS) OTTQ0J64 MAVS_HUMAN Increases Expression [21]
S-adenosylmethionine-dependent nucleotide dehydratase RSAD2 (RSAD2) OTCA9WCM RSAD2_HUMAN Increases Expression [21]
Interferon-induced helicase C domain-containing protein 1 (IFIH1) OTZA2AHA IFIH1_HUMAN Increases Expression [21]
Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) OTFZ45HX TLR9_HUMAN Decreases Expression [30]
7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7) OTLILBUI DHCR7_HUMAN Affects Expression [25]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 30 DOT(s)

References

1 Recurrent recessive mutation in deoxyguanosine kinase causes idiopathic noncirrhotic portal hypertension.Hepatology. 2016 Jun;63(6):1977-86. doi: 10.1002/hep.28499. Epub 2016 Mar 31.
2 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 6841).
3 Hydroxychloroquine FDA Label
4 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7198).
5 ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04341727) Hydroxychloroquine,Hydroxychloroquine,Azithromycin in the Treatment of SARS CoV-2 Infection (WU352). U.S. National Institutes of Health.
6 Metformin/Repaglinide (PrandiMet) for type 2 diabetes. Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2009 Jun 1;51(1313):41-3.
7 Disease-Associated Changes in Drug Transporters May Impact the Pharmacokinetics and/or Toxicity of Drugs: A White Paper From the International Transporter Consortium. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2018 Nov;104(5):900-915.
8 Drug-drug and food-drug pharmacokinetic interactions with new insulinotropic agents repaglinide and nateglinide. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2007;46(2):93-108.
9 Repaglinide-gemfibrozil drug interaction: inhibition of repaglinide glucuronidation as a potential additional contributing mechanism. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2010 Dec;70(6):870-80.
10 Polymorphic organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 is a major determinant of repaglinide pharmacokinetics. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2005 Jun;77(6):468-78. doi: 10.1016/j.clpt.2005.01.018.
11 A multifactorial approach to hepatobiliary transporter assessment enables improved therapeutic compound development. Toxicol Sci. 2013 Nov;136(1):216-41.
12 Toxicological evaluation of acyl glucuronides utilizing half-lives, peptide adducts, and immunostimulation assays. Toxicol In Vitro. 2015 Dec 25;30(1 Pt B):241-9.
13 Systems pharmacological analysis of drugs inducing stevens-johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. Chem Res Toxicol. 2015 May 18;28(5):927-34. doi: 10.1021/tx5005248. Epub 2015 Apr 3.
14 In vitro and pharmacophore-based discovery of novel hPEPT1 inhibitors. Pharm Res. 2005 Apr;22(4):512-7. doi: 10.1007/s11095-005-2505-y. Epub 2005 Apr 7.
15 Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro. Cell Res. 2020 Mar;30(3):269-271.
16 TLR7/9 antagonists as therapeutics for immune-mediated inflammatory disorders. Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets. 2007 Dec;6(4):223-35.
17 Mechanisms of action of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine: implications for rheumatology. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2020 Mar;16(3):155-166.
18 MDR-ABC transporters: biomarkers in rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2013 Sep-Oct;31(5):779-87.
19 Hydroxychloroquine: a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model in the context of cancer-related autophagy modulation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2018 Jun;365(3):447-459.
20 Somer M, Kallio J, Pesonen U, Pyykko K, Huupponen R, Scheinin M "Influence of hydroxychloroquine on the bioavailability of oral metoprolol." Br J Clin Pharmacol 49 (2000): 549-54. [PMID: 10848718]
21 Hydroxychloroquine-inhibited dengue virus is associated with host defense machinery. J Interferon Cytokine Res. 2015 Mar;35(3):143-56. doi: 10.1089/jir.2014.0038. Epub 2014 Oct 16.
22 Hydroxychloroquine potentiates Fas-mediated apoptosis of rheumatoid synoviocytes. Clin Exp Immunol. 2006 Jun;144(3):503-11. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2006.03070.x.
23 Hydroxychloroquine inhibits CD154 expression in CD4(+) T lymphocytes of systemic lupus erythematosus through NFAT, but not STAT5, signaling. Arthritis Res Ther. 2017 Aug 9;19(1):183. doi: 10.1186/s13075-017-1393-y.
24 Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine Increase Retinal Pigment Epithelial Layer Permeability. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2015 Jul;29(7):299-304. doi: 10.1002/jbt.21696. Epub 2015 Mar 9.
25 Hydroxychloroquine decreases human MSC-derived osteoblast differentiation and mineralization in vitro. J Cell Mol Med. 2018 Feb;22(2):873-882. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.13373. Epub 2017 Oct 3.
26 Mitochondrial membrane permeabilization is a critical step of lysosome-initiated apoptosis induced by hydroxychloroquine. Oncogene. 2003 Jun 19;22(25):3927-36. doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1206622.
27 Attenuation of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine on the invasive potential of bladder cancer through targeting matrix metalloproteinase 2 expression. Environ Toxicol. 2021 Nov;36(11):2138-2145. doi: 10.1002/tox.23328. Epub 2021 Jul 19.
28 Reactive oxygen species mediate chloroquine-induced expression of chemokines by human astroglial cells. Glia. 2004 Jul;47(1):9-20. doi: 10.1002/glia.20017.
29 d-galactose induces premature senescence of lens epithelial cells by disturbing autophagy flux and mitochondrial functions. Toxicol Lett. 2018 Jun 1;289:99-106. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.02.001. Epub 2018 Feb 6.
30 Antagonist-mediated down-regulation of Toll-like receptors increases the prevalence of human papillomavirus infection in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Res Ther. 2012 Apr 18;14(2):R80. doi: 10.1186/ar3803.