Details of the Drug-Related molecule(s) Interaction Atlas

General Information of Drug (ID: DMHVWIK)

• Drug Name: Cefepime Drug Info
• Synonyms: Axepim; CFPM; Cefepima; Cefepimum; Cepimax; Cepimex; Maxcef; Maxipime; Cefepima [Spanish]; Cefepimum [Latin]; BMY 28142; Axepim (TN); BMY-28142; Cefepime [USAN:INN]; Cepimax (TN); Cepimex (TN); Maxcef (TN); Maxipime (TN); Cefepime (USAN/INN); (6R,7R)-7-[[(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-methoxyiminoacetyl]amino]-3-[(1-methylpyrrolidin-1-ium-1-yl)methyl]-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate; (6R,7R)-7-{[(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino}-3-[(1-methylpyrrolidinium-1-yl)methyl]-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate; 1-(((6R,7R)-7-(2-(2-Amino-4-thiazolyl)glyoxylamido)-2-carboxy-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo(4.2.0)oct-2-en-3-yl)methyl)-1-methylpyrrolidinium hydroxide, inner salt, 7(sup 2)-(Z)-(O-methyloxime); 7beta-[(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetamido]-3-[(1-methylpyrrolidinium-1-yl)methyl]-3,4-didehydrocepham-4-carboxylate

Indication

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Bacterial infection	1A00-1C4Z	Approved	[1]
Staphylococcus aureus infection		Approved	[2]
Streptococcal pneumonia		Approved	[2]

• Therapeutic Class: Antibiotics
• Cross-matching ID:
  PubChem CID: 5479537
  ChEBI ID: CHEBI:478164
  CAS Number: CAS 88040-23-7
  TTD Drug ID: DMHVWIK
  VARIDT Drug ID: DR00585

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas

Drug(s) Targeting Bacterial Penicillin binding protein 2 (Bact mrdA)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Imipenem	DMI9FBP	Bacteremia	1A73	Approved	[6]
Amdinocillin	DMIG6FY	Bacterial infection	1A00-1C4Z	Approved	[7]

Drug(s) Affected By Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Folic Acid	DMEMBJC	Colorectal carcinoma		Approved	[8]
Methotrexate	DM2TEOL	Anterior urethra cancer		Approved	[9]
Ceftazidime	DM41GRA	Bacteremia	1A73	Approved	[4]
Tretinoin	DM49DUI	Acne vulgaris	ED80	Approved	[10]
Isotretinoin	DM4QTBN	Acne vulgaris	ED80	Approved	[11]
Marinol	DM70IK5	Anorexia nervosa cachexia	6B80	Approved	[12]
Tubocurarine	DMBZIVP	Anaesthesia	9A78.6	Approved	[13]
Ceftriaxone	DMCEW64	Acute gonococcal cervicitis		Approved	[4]
Valproate	DMCFE9I	Epilepsy	8A60-8A68	Approved	[14]
Demecolcine	DMCZQGK	Solid tumour/cancer	2A00-2F9Z	Approved	[15]

Drug(s) Affected By HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB1 beta chain (HLA-DRB1)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Gefitinib	DM15F0X	Colon adenocarcinoma		Approved	[5]
Clindamycin	DM15HL8	Acne vulgaris	ED80	Approved	[5]
Ciprofloxacin XR	DM2NLS9	Acute gonococcal cervicitis		Approved	[5]
Ciclosporin	DMAZJFX	Graft-versus-host disease	4B24	Approved	[16]
Valproate	DMCFE9I	Epilepsy	8A60-8A68	Approved	[17]
Zoledronate	DMIXC7G	Adenocarcinoma	2D40	Approved	[18]
Temozolomide	DMKECZD	Adenocarcinoma	2D40	Approved	[19]
Dexamethasone	DMMWZET	Acute adrenal insufficiency		Approved	[20]
Irinotecan	DMP6SC2	Adenocarcinoma	2D40	Approved	[21]
Diclofenac	DMPIHLS	Chronic renal failure	GB61.Z	Approved	[5]

Drug(s) Affected By Rho GTPase-activating protein 45 (ARHGAP45)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Ofloxacin	DM0VQN3	Acute gonococcal cervicitis		Approved	[5]
Acetazolamide	DM1AF5U	Absence epilepsy		Approved	[5]
Quercetin	DM3NC4M	Obesity	5B81	Approved	[22]
Tretinoin	DM49DUI	Acne vulgaris	ED80	Approved	[23]
Brinzolamide	DMBAPFG	Ocular hypertension	9C61.01	Approved	[5]
Valproate	DMCFE9I	Epilepsy	8A60-8A68	Approved	[14]
Indapamide	DMGN1PW	Edema	MG29	Approved	[5]
Temozolomide	DMKECZD	Adenocarcinoma	2D40	Approved	[19]
Amiodarone	DMUTEX3	Tachyarrhythmias	BC71	Approved	[24]
Decitabine	DMQL8XJ	Acute myelogenous leukaemia	2A41	Approved	[25]

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Bacterial Penicillin binding protein 2 (Bact mrdA)	TTHWB7G	MRDA_ECOLI	Modulator	[3]

Drug Off-Target (DOT)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Interaction	REF
Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR)	OT3DVIGM	DYR_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[4]
HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB1 beta chain (HLA-DRB1)	OTRGGIFP	DRB1_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[5]
Rho GTPase-activating protein 45 (ARHGAP45)	OTL86FEQ	HMHA1_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[5]

References

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• [2] Cefepime FDA Label
• [3] Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
• [4] Investigation of the effects of some drugs and phenolic compounds on human dihydrofolate reductase activity. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2015 Mar;29(3):135-9.
• [5] Systems pharmacological analysis of drugs inducing stevens-johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. Chem Res Toxicol. 2015 May 18;28(5):927-34. doi: 10.1021/tx5005248. Epub 2015 Apr 3.
• [6] A comparative trial of imipenem versus ceftazidime in the release of endotoxin and cytokine generation in patients with gram-negative urosepsis. Urosepsis Study Group. J Endotoxin Res. 2000;6(1):25-31.
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• [8] Dihydrofolate reductase deficiency due to a homozygous DHFR mutation causes megaloblastic anemia and cerebral folate deficiency leading to severe neurologic disease. Am J Hum Genet. 2011 Feb 11;88(2):226-31. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.01.007.
• [9] Role of caveolin 1, E-cadherin, Enolase 2 and PKCalpha on resistance to methotrexate in human HT29 colon cancer cells. BMC Med Genomics. 2008 Aug 11;1:35. doi: 10.1186/1755-8794-1-35.
• [10] Transcriptional and Metabolic Dissection of ATRA-Induced Granulocytic Differentiation in NB4 Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Cells. Cells. 2020 Nov 5;9(11):2423. doi: 10.3390/cells9112423.
• [11] Temporal changes in gene expression in the skin of patients treated with isotretinoin provide insight into its mechanism of action. Dermatoendocrinol. 2009 May;1(3):177-87.
• [12] JunD is involved in the antiproliferative effect of Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol on human breast cancer cells. Oncogene. 2008 Aug 28;27(37):5033-44.
• [13] Nicotine modulates the expression of a diverse set of genes in the neuronal SH-SY5Y cell line. J Biol Chem. 2003 May 2;278(18):15633-40.
• [14] Integrative omics data analyses of repeated dose toxicity of valproic acid in vitro reveal new mechanisms of steatosis induction. Toxicology. 2018 Jan 15;393:160-170.
• [15] Characterization of formaldehyde's genotoxic mode of action by gene expression analysis in TK6 cells. Arch Toxicol. 2013 Nov;87(11):1999-2012.
• [16] Comparison of HepG2 and HepaRG by whole-genome gene expression analysis for the purpose of chemical hazard identification. Toxicol Sci. 2010 May;115(1):66-79.
• [17] Gene Expression Regulation and Pathway Analysis After Valproic Acid and Carbamazepine Exposure in a Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Based Neurodevelopmental Toxicity Assay. Toxicol Sci. 2015 Aug;146(2):311-20. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv094. Epub 2015 May 15.
• [18] Interleukin-19 as a translational indicator of renal injury. Arch Toxicol. 2015 Jan;89(1):101-6.
• [19] Temozolomide induces activation of Wnt/-catenin signaling in glioma cells via PI3K/Akt pathway: implications in glioma therapy. Cell Biol Toxicol. 2020 Jun;36(3):273-278. doi: 10.1007/s10565-019-09502-7. Epub 2019 Nov 22.
• [20] Sulfur mustard alkylates steroid hormones and impacts hormone function in vitro. Arch Toxicol. 2019 Nov;93(11):3141-3152. doi: 10.1007/s00204-019-02571-x. Epub 2019 Sep 12.
• [21] Clinical determinants of response to irinotecan-based therapy derived from cell line models. Clin Cancer Res. 2008 Oct 15;14(20):6647-55.
• [22] Comparison of phenotypic and transcriptomic effects of false-positive genotoxins, true genotoxins and non-genotoxins using HepG2 cells. Mutagenesis. 2011 Sep;26(5):593-604.
• [23] Differential modulation of PI3-kinase/Akt pathway during all-trans retinoic acid- and Am80-induced HL-60 cell differentiation revealed by DNA microarray analysis. Biochem Pharmacol. 2004 Dec 1;68(11):2177-86.
• [24] Identification by automated screening of a small molecule that selectively eliminates neural stem cells derived from hESCs but not dopamine neurons. PLoS One. 2009 Sep 23;4(9):e7155.
• [25] Hypomethylating drugs convert HA-1-negative solid tumors into targets for stem cell-based immunotherapy. Blood. 2009 Mar 19;113(12):2715-22. doi: 10.1182/blood-2008-05-158956. Epub 2008 Dec 18.