General Information of Drug (ID: DMPZI3Q)

Drug Name
Ketoconazole Drug Info
Synonyms
KCZ; KTZ; K 1003; R 41400; R41400; KS-1205; KW-1414; Perkhotal (TN); R 41,400; R-41400; R41,400; Ketoconazole [USAN:INN:BAN:JAN]; Nizoral, Extina, Xolegel, Kuric, Ketoconazole; Dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy]phenyl]-piperazine; Cis-1-Acetyl-4-[4-[[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy]phenyl]piperazine; CIS-1-ACETYL-4-(4-((2-(2,4-DICHLOROPHENYL)-2-(1H-IMIDAZOL-1-YLMETHYL)-1,3-DIOXOLAN-4-YL)METHOXY)PHENYL)PIPERAZINE; (+-)-cis-1-Acetyl-4-(p-((2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methoxy)phenyl)piperazine; (+/-)-cis-1-Acetyl-4-(4-[(2-[2,4-dichlorophenyl]-2-[1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl]-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)-methoxy]phenyl)piperazine; (+/-)-cis-1-Acetyl-4-[4-[[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy]phenyl]piperazine; 1-[4-[4-[[(2R,4S)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy]phenyl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone; 1-acetyl-4-(4-{[(2R,4S)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine
Indication
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Blastomycosis 1F22 Approved [1]
Chromomycosis Approved [1]
Coccidioidomycosis 1F25 Approved [1]
Cutaneous candidiasis 1F23.14 Approved [1]
Fungal infection 1F29-1F2F Approved [2]
Histoplasmosis Approved [1]
Invasive candidiasis 1F23 Approved [1]
Mycoses 1F2Z Approved [1]
Oral candidiasis 1F23.0 Approved [1]
Paracoccidioidomycosis Approved [1]
Pityriasis simplex Approved [1]
Prostate adenocarcinoma Approved [1]
Tinea corporis 1F28.Y Approved [1]
Tinea cruris 1F28.3 Approved [1]
Tinea versicolor 1F2D.0 Approved [1]
Tinea pedis 1F28.2 Investigative [1]
Therapeutic Class
Antifungal Agents
Cross-matching ID
PubChem CID
456201
ChEBI ID
CHEBI:48336
CAS Number
CAS 65277-42-1
TTD Drug ID
DMPZI3Q
VARIDT Drug ID
DR00594
INTEDE Drug ID
DR0906
ACDINA Drug ID
D00342

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas
Molecule Type:
DTT
DTP
DME
DOT
Drug Status:
Approved Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Voriconazole DMAOL2S Aspergillosis 1F20 Approved [7]
Itraconazole DMCR1MV Aspergillosis 1F20 Approved [7]
Posaconazole DMUL5EW Aspergillosis 1F20 Approved [8]
Miconazole DMPMYE8 Cutaneous candidiasis 1F23.14 Approved [7]
Oxiconazole DME7KRM Tinea corporis 1F28.Y Approved [9]
Fluconazole DMOWZ6B Cryptococcal meningitis Approved [7]
Terconazole DMJ13KI Candidiasis 1F23 Approved [10]
Bifonazole DM3KN7V Fungal infection 1F29-1F2F Approved [11]
Tioconazole DMNYPGS Onychomycosis EE12.1 Approved [12]
Econazole DMFSWGH Cutaneous candidiasis 1F23.14 Approved [13]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Transported By P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Amoxicillin DMUYNEI Acute otitis media AB00 Approved [14]
Doxorubicin DMVP5YE Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [15]
Methotrexate DM2TEOL Anterior urethra cancer Approved [4]
Folic Acid DMEMBJC Colorectal carcinoma Approved [16]
Fluorouracil DMUM7HZ Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [4]
Cisplatin DMRHGI9 Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [4]
Progesterone DMUY35B Amenorrhea GA20.0 Approved [17]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [4]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [18]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [19]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Doxorubicin DMVP5YE Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [20]
Progesterone DMUY35B Amenorrhea GA20.0 Approved [21]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [22]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [23]
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [24]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [25]
Etoposide DMNH3PG Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [26]
Zidovudine DM4KI7O Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [27]
Prasterone DM67VKL Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Approved [21]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [28]
Eplerenone DMF0NQR Heart failure BD10-BD13 Approved [29]
Cannabidiol DM0659E Dravet syndrome 8A61.11 Approved [30]
Isotretinoin DM4QTBN Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [31]
Voriconazole DMAOL2S Aspergillosis 1F20 Approved [32]
Proguanil DMBL79I Malaria 1F40-1F45 Approved [33]
Ivermectin DMDBX5F Intestinal strongyloidiasis due to nematode parasite 1F6B Approved [33]
Loratadine DMF3AN7 Allergy 4A80-4A85 Approved [34]
Nelfinavir mesylate DMFX6G8 N. A. N. A. Approved [35]
Capsaicin DMGMF6V Back pain ME84.Z Approved [36]
Axitinib DMGVH6N Renal cell carcinoma 2C90 Approved [37]
⏷ Show the Full List of 20 Drug(s)

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Molecular Interaction Atlas

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Candida Cytochrome P450 51 (Candi ERG11) TTTSOUD CP51_CANAL Inhibitor [3]

Drug Transporter (DTP)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID MOA REF
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1) DTUGYRD MDR1_HUMAN Substrate [4]

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) Main DME DE4LYSA CP3A4_HUMAN Substrate [5]

Drug Off-Target (DOT)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Interaction REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) OTQGYY83 CP3A4_HUMAN Drug Response [6]

References

1 Ketoconazole FDA Label
2 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 2568).
3 Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of solifenacin. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2009;48(5):281-302.
4 Mammalian drug efflux transporters of the ATP binding cassette (ABC) family in multidrug resistance: A review of the past decade. Cancer Lett. 2016 Jan 1;370(1):153-64.
5 The metabolism of amiodarone by various CYP isoenzymes of human and rat, and the inhibitory influence of ketoconazole. J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2008;11(1):147-59.
6 ADReCS-Target: target profiles for aiding drug safety research and application. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D911-D917. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx899.
7 Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
8 A new, broad-spectrum azole antifungal: posaconazole--mechanisms of action and resistance, spectrum of activity. Mycoses. 2006;49 Suppl 1:2-6.
9 Antifungal agents: mechanisms of action. Trends Microbiol. 2003 Jun;11(6):272-9.
10 Mode of action of anti-Candida drugs: focus on terconazole and other ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1991 Oct;165(4 Pt 2):1193-9.
11 Investigation of the role of cytochrome P450 2B4 active site residues in substrate metabolism based on crystal structures of the ligand-bound enzyme. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2006 Nov 1;455(1):61-7.
12 Biological spectra analysis: Linking biological activity profiles to molecular structure. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Jan 11;102(2):261-6.
13 Differential azole antifungal efficacies contrasted using a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain humanized for sterol 14 alpha-demethylase at the homolo... Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2008 Oct;52(10):3597-603.
14 Human intestinal transporter database: QSAR modeling and virtual profiling of drug uptake, efflux and interactions. Pharm Res. 2013 Apr;30(4):996-1007.
15 MDR1 (ABCB1) G1199A (Ser400Asn) polymorphism alters transepithelial permeability and sensitivity to anticancer agents. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2009 Jun;64(1):183-8.
16 Folate transporter expression decreases in the human placenta throughout pregnancy and in pre-eclampsia. Pregnancy Hypertens. 2012 Apr;2(2):123-31.
17 Comparative studies on in vitro methods for evaluating in vivo function of MDR1 P-glycoprotein. Pharm Res. 2001 Dec;18(12):1660-8.
18 Antiestrogens and steroid hormones: substrates of the human P-glycoprotein. Biochem Pharmacol. 1994 Jul 19;48(2):287-92.
19 Association of genetic polymorphisms in the influx transporter SLCO1B3 and the efflux transporter ABCB1 with imatinib pharmacokinetics in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. Ther Drug Monit. 2011 Apr;33(2):244-50.
20 Expression levels and activation of a PXR variant are directly related to drug resistance in osteosarcoma cell lines. Cancer. 2007 Mar 1;109(5):957-65.
21 Contribution of human hepatic cytochrome P450 isoforms to regioselective hydroxylation of steroid hormones. Xenobiotica. 1998 Jun;28(6):539-47.
22 Comprehensive evaluation of tamoxifen sequential biotransformation by the human cytochrome P450 system in vitro: prominent roles for CYP3A and CYP2D6. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004 Sep;310(3):1062-75.
23 Isoform-specific regulation of cytochromes P450 expression by estradiol and progesterone. Drug Metab Dispos. 2013 Feb;41(2):263-9.
24 Metabolic interactions between acetaminophen (paracetamol) and two flavonoids, luteolin and quercetin, through in-vitro inhibition studies. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2017 Dec;69(12):1762-1772.
25 Potent mechanism-based inhibition of CYP3A4 by imatinib explains its liability to interact with CYP3A4 substrates. Br J Pharmacol. 2012 Apr;165(8):2787-98.
26 Effects of morin on the pharmacokinetics of etoposide in rats. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2007 Apr;28(3):151-6.
27 The metabolism of zidovudine by human liver microsomes in vitro: formation of 3'-amino-3'-deoxythymidine. Biochem Pharmacol. 1994 Jul 19;48(2):267-76.
28 Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675.
29 The relative role of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 in eplerenone metabolism. Toxicol Lett. 2019 Oct 15;315:9-13.
30 Characterization of the structural determinants required for potent mechanism-based inhibition of human cytochrome P450 1A1 by cannabidiol. Chem Biol Interact. 2014 May 25;215:62-8.
31 Retinoids activate the RXR/SXR-mediated pathway and induce the endogenous CYP3A4 activity in Huh7 human hepatoma cells. Toxicol Sci. 2006 Jul;92(1):51-60.
32 The novel azole R126638 is a selective inhibitor of ergosterol synthesis in Candida albicans, Trichophyton spp., and Microsporum canis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2004 Sep;48(9):3272-8.
33 Application of higher throughput screening (HTS) inhibition assays to evaluate the interaction of antiparasitic drugs with cytochrome P450s. Drug Metab Dispos. 2001 Jan;29(1):30-5.
34 Cetirizine and loratadine-based antihistamines with 5-lipoxygenase inhibitory activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2004 Nov 15;14(22):5591-4.
35 Mechanism-based inactivation of CYP3A by HIV protease inhibitors. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2005 Feb;312(2):583-91.
36 Studies of the toxicological potential of capsinoids, XIII: inhibitory effects of capsaicin and capsinoids on cytochrome P450 3A4 in human liver microsomes. Int J Toxicol. 2010 Mar;29(2 Suppl):22S-6S.
37 Investigation of the effects of axitinib on the pharmacokinetics of loperamide and its main metabolite N-demethylated loperamide in rats by UPLC-MS/MS. Chem Biol Interact. 2019 Sep 1;310:108744. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.108744. Epub 2019 Jul 9.