Details of the Drug

General Information of Drug (ID: DMV9ADG)

Drug Name
Pilocarpine
Synonyms
Adsorbocarpine; Almocarpine; Epicar; Isopilocarpine; Isoptocarpine; Miocarpine; Ocusert; Pilagan; Pilocarpin; Pilocarpol; Pilokarpin; Pilokarpol; Pilostat; Salagen; Spersacarpine; Syncarpine; Amistura P; Isopto carpine; Minims Pilocarpine; Ocusert pilo; Pilocarpine HCl; Pilocarpine chloride; Pilocarpine nitrate; Ocusert P 20;Beta-Pilocarpine hydrochloride; Diocarpine (TN); Isopto Carpine (TN); Mi-Pilo; Miocarpine (TN); Ocu-Carpine; Ocusert Pilo-40; Ocusert pilo-20; Pilocarpine (TN); Pilopine HS (TN); Piloptic-1; Piloptic-2; Piloptic-3; Piloptic-4; Piloptic-6; Salagen (TN); Scheinpharm (TN); Timpilo (TN); Ocusert Pilo-20 (TN); Ocusert pilo-20 (TN); P.V. Carpine Liquifilm; Pilocarpine (JAN/USP); Pilocarpine [USAN:BAN:JAN]; Piloptic-1/2; Pilocarpine Mononitrate, (3S-cis)-Isomer; Pilocarpine, Monohydrochloride, (3S-cis)-Isomer; Imidazole-5-butyric acid, alpha-ethyl-beta-(hydroxymethyl)-1-methyl-, gamma-lactone; (+)-Pilocarpine; (3S,4R)-3-ethyl-4-[(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl]dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one; (3S,4R)-3-ethyl-4-[(3-methylimidazol-4-yl)methyl]oxolan-2-one; (3S,4R)-3-ethyldihydro-4-((1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl)-2(3H)-furanone; (3S-cis)-3-Ethyldihydro-4-((1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl)-2(3H)-furanone; (3S-cis)-3-ethyldihydro-4-[(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl]-2(3H)-furanone; 3-Ethyl-4-(3-methyl-3H-imidazol-4-ylmethyl)dihydrofuran-2-one; 3-Ethyl-4-[(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl]dihydro-2(3H)-furanone; 3-Ethyl-4-[(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl]dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one; 3-ethyl-4-((1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl)dihydro-2(3H)-furanone; 3-ethyl-4-[(3-methylimidazol-4-yl)methyl]oxolan-2-one
Indication
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Glaucoma/ocular hypertension 9C61 Approved [1]
Ocular hypertension 9C61.01 Approved [2]
Therapeutic Class
Cholinergic Agents
Affected Organisms
Humans and other mammals
ATC Code
N07AX01: Pilocarpine
N07AX: Other parasympathomimetics
N07A: PARASYMPATHOMIMETICS
N07: OTHER NERVOUS SYSTEM DRUGS
N: NERVOUS SYSTEM
N07AX01: Pilocarpine
N07AX: Other parasympathomimetics
N07A: PARASYMPATHOMIMETICS
N07: OTHER NERVOUS SYSTEM DRUGS
N: NERVOUS SYSTEM
S01EB01: Pilocarpine
S01EB: Parasympathomimetics
S01E: ANTIGLAUCOMA PREPARATIONS AND MIOTICS
S01: OPHTHALMOLOGICALS
S: SENSORY ORGANS
S01EB01: Pilocarpine
S01EB: Parasympathomimetics
S01E: ANTIGLAUCOMA PREPARATIONS AND MIOTICS
S01: OPHTHALMOLOGICALS
S: SENSORY ORGANS
S01EB01: Pilocarpine
S01EB: Parasympathomimetics
S01E: ANTIGLAUCOMA PREPARATIONS AND MIOTICS
S01: OPHTHALMOLOGICALS
S: SENSORY ORGANS
Drug Type
Small molecular drug
Structure
3D MOL 2D MOL
#Ro5 Violations (Lipinski): 0 Molecular Weight (mw) 208.26
Logarithm of the Partition Coefficient (xlogp) 1.1
Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds) 3
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor) 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc) 3
ADMET Property
Half-life
The concentration or amount of drug in body reduced by one-half in 0.76 hours [3]
Metabolism
The drug is metabolized via plasma []
Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR)
ADR Term Variation Related DOT DOT ID REF
Seizures (incl subtypes) Not Available OPRD1 OT164PA1 [4]
Seizures (incl subtypes) Not Available OPRM1 OT16AAT8 [4]
Chemical Identifiers
Formula
C11H16N2O2
IUPAC Name
(3S,4R)-3-ethyl-4-[(3-methylimidazol-4-yl)methyl]oxolan-2-one
Canonical SMILES
CC[C@H]1[C@H](COC1=O)CC2=CN=CN2C
InChI
InChI=1S/C11H16N2O2/c1-3-10-8(6-15-11(10)14)4-9-5-12-7-13(9)2/h5,7-8,10H,3-4,6H2,1-2H3/t8-,10-/m0/s1
InChIKey
QCHFTSOMWOSFHM-WPRPVWTQSA-N
Cross-matching ID
PubChem CID
5910
ChEBI ID
CHEBI:8207
CAS Number
92-13-7
UNII
01MI4Q9DI3
DrugBank ID
DB01085
TTD ID
D06HLY
VARIDT ID
DR00888
INTEDE ID
DR1285
ACDINA ID
D00530
Combinatorial Drugs (CBD) Click to Jump to the Detailed CBD Information of This Drug
Repurposed Drugs (RPD) Click to Jump to the Detailed RPD Information of This Drug

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug


Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5 (CHRM5) TTH18TF ACM5_HUMAN Agonist [5]

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) DE4LYSA CP3A4_HUMAN Substrate [6]
Cytochrome P450 2A6 (CYP2A6) DEJVYAZ CP2A6_HUMAN Substrate [7]

Drug Off-Target (DOT)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Interaction REF
Delta-type opioid receptor (OPRD1) OT164PA1 OPRD_HUMAN Drug Response [4]
Mu-type opioid receptor (OPRM1) OT16AAT8 OPRM_HUMAN Drug Response [4]
Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) Jump to Detail Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI) Information of This Drug

Coadministration of a Drug Treating the Disease Different from Pilocarpine (Comorbidity)
DDI Drug Name DDI Drug ID Severity Mechanism Comorbidity REF
Mepyramine DMB4SFH Moderate Antagonize the effect of Pilocarpine when combined with Mepyramine. Allergic/hypersensitivity disorder [4A80-4A8Z] [8]
Phenyltoloxamine DMKAEQW Moderate Antagonize the effect of Pilocarpine when combined with Phenyltoloxamine. Allergic/hypersensitivity disorder [4A80-4A8Z] [8]
Desipramine DMT2FDC Moderate Antagonize the effect of Pilocarpine when combined with Desipramine. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [6A05] [8]
Umeclidinium DM4E8O9 Moderate Antagonize the effect of Pilocarpine when combined with Umeclidinium. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [CA22] [9]
Tiotropium DMFDC0Q Moderate Antagonize the effect of Pilocarpine when combined with Tiotropium. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [CA22] [9]
Revefenacin DMMP5SI Moderate Antagonize the effect of Pilocarpine when combined with Revefenacin. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [CA22] [9]
OPC-34712 DMHG57U Moderate Antagonize the effect of Pilocarpine when combined with OPC-34712. Depression [6A70-6A7Z] [8]
Clomipramine DMINRKW Moderate Antagonize the effect of Pilocarpine when combined with Clomipramine. Depression [6A70-6A7Z] [8]
Doxepin DMPI98T Moderate Antagonize the effect of Pilocarpine when combined with Doxepin. Depression [6A70-6A7Z] [8]
Mepenzolate DM8YU2F Moderate Antagonize the effect of Pilocarpine when combined with Mepenzolate. Digestive system disease [DE2Z] [9]
Solifenacin DMG592Q Moderate Antagonize the effect of Pilocarpine when combined with Solifenacin. Functional bladder disorder [GC50] [9]
Belladonna DM2RBWK Moderate Antagonize the effect of Pilocarpine when combined with Belladonna. Infectious gastroenteritis/colitis [1A40] [9]
ITI-007 DMUQ1DO Moderate Antagonize the effect of Pilocarpine when combined with ITI-007. Insomnia [7A00-7A0Z] [8]
Siponimod DM2R86O Major Increased risk of atrioventricular block by the combination of Pilocarpine and Siponimod. Multiple sclerosis [8A40] [10]
Fingolimod DM5JVAN Moderate Increased risk of atrioventricular block by the combination of Pilocarpine and Fingolimod. Multiple sclerosis [8A40] [11]
Ozanimod DMT6AM2 Moderate Increased risk of bradycardia by the combination of Pilocarpine and Ozanimod. Multiple sclerosis [8A40] [12]
Phenindamine DMDTC7R Moderate Antagonize the effect of Pilocarpine when combined with Phenindamine. Nasopharyngitis [CA00] [8]
Cyclizine DM9G7BS Moderate Antagonize the effect of Pilocarpine when combined with Cyclizine. Nausea/vomiting [MD90] [9]
Flavoxate DMKV4NL Moderate Antagonize the effect of Pilocarpine when combined with Flavoxate. Pain [MG30-MG3Z] [9]
Orphenadrine DMW542E Moderate Antagonize the effect of Pilocarpine when combined with Orphenadrine. Parkinsonism [8A00] [8]
Methylscopolamine DM5VWOB Moderate Antagonize the effect of Pilocarpine when combined with Methylscopolamine. Peptic ulcer [DA61] [9]
Levomepromazine DMIKFEL Moderate Antagonize the effect of Pilocarpine when combined with Levomepromazine. Psychotic disorder [6A20-6A25] [8]
Quetiapine DM1N62C Moderate Antagonize the effect of Pilocarpine when combined with Quetiapine. Schizophrenia [6A20] [8]
Aripiprazole DM3NUMH Moderate Antagonize the effect of Pilocarpine when combined with Aripiprazole. Schizophrenia [6A20] [8]
Molindone DMAH70G Moderate Antagonize the effect of Pilocarpine when combined with Molindone. Schizophrenia [6A20] [8]
Thiothixene DMDINC4 Moderate Antagonize the effect of Pilocarpine when combined with Thiothixene. Schizophrenia [6A20] [8]
Pimozide DMW83TP Moderate Antagonize the effect of Pilocarpine when combined with Pimozide. Schizophrenia [6A20] [8]
Chlorpheniramine DM5URA2 Moderate Antagonize the effect of Pilocarpine when combined with Chlorpheniramine. Vasomotor/allergic rhinitis [CA08] [8]
Trimeprazine DMEMV9D Moderate Antagonize the effect of Pilocarpine when combined with Trimeprazine. Vasomotor/allergic rhinitis [CA08] [8]
Acrivastine DMTIGA0 Moderate Antagonize the effect of Pilocarpine when combined with Acrivastine. Vasomotor/allergic rhinitis [CA08] [8]
⏷ Show the Full List of 30 DDI Information of This Drug

Drug Inactive Ingredient(s) (DIG) and Formulation(s) of This Drug

DIG
DIG Name DIG ID PubChem CID Functional Classification
FD&C blue no. 2 E00446 2723854 Colorant
Stearic acid E00079 5281 Emulsifying agent; Solubilizing agent; Viscosity-controlling agent; lubricant
Polyvinyl alcohol E00666 Not Available Coating agent; Emulsion stabilizing agent; Film/Membrane-forming agent
Propylene glycol E00040 1030 Antimicrobial preservative; Humectant; Plasticizing agent; Solvent
Silicon dioxide E00670 Not Available Anticaking agent; Opacifying agent; Viscosity-controlling agent
Talc E00520 16211421 Anticaking agent; Diluent; Glidant; lubricant
Titanium dioxide E00322 26042 Coating agent; Colorant; Opacifying agent
Triacetin E00080 5541 Humectant; Plasticizing agent; Solvent
⏷ Show the Full List of 8 Pharmaceutical Excipients of This Drug
Pharmaceutical Formulation
Formulation Name Drug Dosage Dosage Form Route
Pilocarpine 5 mg tablet 5 mg Oral Tablet Oral
Pilocarpine 7.5 mg tablet 7.5 mg Oral Tablet Oral
Jump to Detail Pharmaceutical Formulation Page of This Drug

References

1 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 305).
2 Pilocarpine FDA Label
3 Trend Analysis of a Database of Intravenous Pharmacokinetic Parameters in Humans for 1352 Drug Compounds
4 ADReCS-Target: target profiles for aiding drug safety research and application. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D911-D917. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx899.
5 Retinoic acid prevents virus-induced airway hyperreactivity and M2 receptor dysfunction via anti-inflammatory and antiviral effects. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2009 Aug;297(2):L340-6.
6 The inhibition of CYP enzymes in mouse and human liver by pilocarpine. Br J Pharmacol. 1995 Feb;114(4):832-6.
7 Structural comparison of cytochromes P450 2A6, 2A13, and 2E1 with pilocarpine. FEBS J. 2012 May;279(9):1621-31.
8 Multum Information Services, Inc. Expert Review Panel.
9 Benjamin KW "Toxicity of ocular medications." Int Ophthalmol Clin 19 (1979): 199-255. [PMID: 376469]
10 Cerner Multum, Inc. "Australian Product Information.".
11 Product Information. Gilenya (fingolimod). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
12 Product Information. Zeposia (ozanimod). Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ.