Details of Disease

General Information of Disease (ID: DIS5EI0L)

• Disease Name: Invasive candidiasis
• Synonyms: disseminated candida; disseminated candidosis; systemic candidiasis; invasive candidiasis; systemic candida infections; disseminated candidiasis
• Disease Class: 1F23: Candidosis
• Definition: Systemic candidiasis occurs when Candida yeast enters the bloodstream and may spread (becoming disseminated candidiasis) to other organs, including the central nervous system, kidneys, liver, bones, muscles, joints, spleen, or eyes.
• Disease Hierarchy:
  DISXA7AP: Opportunistic systemic mycosis
  DISIRYMU: Candidiasis
  DIS5EI0L: Invasive candidiasis
• ICD Code: ICD-11: ICD-11: 1F23
• Disease Identifiers:
  MONDO ID: MONDO_0042233
  MESH ID: C536777
  UMLS CUI: C0153252
  MedGen ID: 102260
  SNOMED CT ID: 70572005

Drug-Interaction Atlas (DIA) of This Disease

This Disease is Treated as An Indication in 7 Approved Drug(s)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Highest Status	Drug Type	REF
Amphotericin B	DMTAJQE	Approved	Small molecular drug	[1]
Fluconazole	DMOWZ6B	Approved	Small molecular drug	[2]
Ibrexafungerp	DMK1IPV	Approved	Small molecular drug	[3]
Itraconazole	DMCR1MV	Approved	Small molecular drug	[4]
Ketoconazole	DMPZI3Q	Approved	Small molecular drug	[5]
Micafungin	DM6Y3AN	Approved	Small molecular drug	[6]
Voriconazole	DMAOL2S	Approved	Small molecular drug	[7]

This Disease is Treated as An Indication in 1 Clinical Trial Drug(s)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Highest Status	Drug Type	REF
Isavuconazole	DMSV12M	Phase 3	Small molecular drug	[8]

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This Disease

This Disease Is Related to 4 DTT Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DTT ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
CBLB	TTHRAIJ	Strong	Biomarker	[9]
CCR1	TTC24WT	Strong	Genetic Variation	[10]
CLEC6A	TTQ02HK	Strong	Biomarker	[11]
CYP51A1	TT67TDP	Strong	Biomarker	[12]

This Disease Is Related to 16 DOT Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DOT ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
ATP6V0D1	OT9GU2NW	Strong	Biomarker	[13]
ATP6V0D2	OTMOZJO0	Strong	Biomarker	[13]
ATP6V1F	OTSTT8JG	Strong	Genetic Variation	[14]
CARD9	OTJ81AWD	Strong	Biomarker	[15]
CD101	OT4QX6BR	Strong	Biomarker	[16]
CLEC7A	OTRTBH27	Strong	Biomarker	[17]
DBF4	OTBL7JHQ	Strong	Biomarker	[18]
FXYD4	OT06IH3H	Strong	Biomarker	[18]
IFIT2	OTI4EOAR	Strong	Biomarker	[19]
IRGM	OTKD3O5Z	Strong	Biomarker	[20]
IRS4	OTTOL40K	Strong	Biomarker	[21]
LRRCC1	OTVEBJ1V	Strong	Biomarker	[22]
MYRF	OTKF6AEB	Strong	Genetic Variation	[23]
NBEAL1	OTLJ11N3	Strong	Biomarker	[24]
SETD1A	OTVVWRIC	Strong	Biomarker	[25]
TMEM199	OTU1GZOY	Strong	Biomarker	[26]

References

• [1] Amphotericin B FDA Label
• [2] Fluconazole FDA Label
• [3] ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03059992) Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Ibrexafungerp in Patients With Fungal Diseases That Are Refractory to or Intolerant of Standard Antifungal Treatment (FURI). U.S. National Institutes of Health.
• [4] Itraconazole FDA Label
• [5] Ketoconazole FDA Label
• [6] Micafungin FDA Label
• [7] Voriconazole FDA Label
• [8] ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00634049) Isavuconazole in the Treatment of Renally Impaired Aspergillosis and Rare Fungi. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
• [9] Targeting CBLB as a potential therapeutic approach for disseminated candidiasis. Nat Med. 2016 Aug;22(8):906-14.
• [10] Pharmacological Blockade of the Chemokine Receptor CCR1 Protects Mice from Systemic Candidiasis of Hematogenous Origin.Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2017 Feb 23;61(3):e02365-16. doi: 10.1128/AAC.02365-16. Print 2017 Mar.
• [11] The Role of Dectin-2 for Host Defense Against Disseminated Candidiasis.J Interferon Cytokine Res. 2016 Apr;36(4):267-76. doi: 10.1089/jir.2015.0040. Epub 2016 Jan 27.
• [12] New azole derivatives showing antimicrobial effects and their mechanism of antifungal activity by molecular modeling studies.Eur J Med Chem. 2017 Apr 21;130:124-138. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.02.035. Epub 2017 Feb 17.
• [13] Roles of VPH2 and VMA6 in localization of V-ATPase subunits, cell wall functions and filamentous development in Candida albicans.Fungal Genet Biol. 2018 May;114:1-11. doi: 10.1016/j.fgb.2018.03.001. Epub 2018 Mar 6.
• [14] The putative vacuolar ATPase subunit Vma7p of Candida albicans is involved in vacuole acidification, hyphal development and virulence.Microbiology (Reading). 2005 May;151(Pt 5):1645-1655. doi: 10.1099/mic.0.27505-0.
• [15] A 7-Year-Old Child With Headaches and Prolonged Fever Associated With Oral and Nail Lesions.Open Forum Infect Dis. 2019 Nov 3;6(11):ofz229. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofz229. eCollection 2019 Nov.
• [16] Population Pharmacokinetic Analyses for Rezafungin (CD101) Efficacy Using Phase 1 Data.Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2018 May 25;62(6):e02603-17. doi: 10.1128/AAC.02603-17. Print 2018 Jun.
• [17] Dectin-1 plays an important role in host defense against systemic Candida glabrata infection.Virulence. 2017 Nov 17;8(8):1643-1656. doi: 10.1080/21505594.2017.1346756. Epub 2017 Jul 31.
• [18] Five-Year National Surveillance of Invasive Candidiasis: Species Distribution and Azole Susceptibility from the China Hospital Invasive Fungal Surveillance Net (CHIF-NET) Study.J Clin Microbiol. 2018 Jun 25;56(7):e00577-18. doi: 10.1128/JCM.00577-18. Print 2018 Jul.
• [19] Pathogenic Effects of IFIT2 and Interferon- during Fatal Systemic Candida albicans Infection.mBio. 2018 Apr 17;9(2):e00365-18. doi: 10.1128/mBio.00365-18.
• [20] Role of autophagy genetic variants for the risk of Candida infections.Med Mycol. 2014 May;52(4):333-41. doi: 10.1093/mmy/myt035. Epub 2014 Apr 8.
• [21] Candida albicans IRS4 contributes to hyphal formation and virulence after the initial stages of disseminated candidiasis.Microbiology (Reading). 2005 Sep;151(Pt 9):2923-2931. doi: 10.1099/mic.0.27998-0.
• [22] The use of hybrid phage displaying antigen epitope and recombinant protein in the diagnosis of systemic Candida albicans infection in rabbits and cancer patients.Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2010 Dec;68(4):382-9. doi: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2010.07.009. Epub 2010 Sep 29.
• [23] Role of transcription factor CaNdt80p in cell separation, hyphal growth, and virulence in Candida albicans.Eukaryot Cell. 2010 Apr;9(4):634-44. doi: 10.1128/EC.00325-09. Epub 2010 Jan 22.
• [24] Evaluation of the Candigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for quantitative detection of Candida species antigen.Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2001 Mar;125(3):344-6. doi: 10.5858/2001-125-0344-EOTCEL.
• [25] Candida albicans SET1 encodes a histone 3 lysine 4 methyltransferase that contributes to the pathogenesis of invasive candidiasis.Mol Microbiol. 2006 May;60(3):697-709. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05121.x.
• [26] Vacuolar proton-translocating ATPase is required for antifungal resistance and virulence of Candida glabrata.PLoS One. 2019 Jan 23;14(1):e0210883. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210883. eCollection 2019.