General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DC1W0WQ)

Drug Combination Name
Thioguanine Lapatinib
Indication
Disease Entry Status REF
Malignant melanoma Investigative [1]
Component Drugs Thioguanine   DM7NKEV Lapatinib   DM3BH1Y
Small molecular drug Small molecular drug
2D MOL 2D MOL
3D MOL 3D MOL
High-throughput Screening Result Testing Cell Line: UACC62
Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 1.83
Bliss Independence Score: 3.71
Loewe Additivity Score: 2.21
LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 2.98

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)
Indication(s) of Thioguanine
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Acute lymphocytic leukaemia 2B33.3 Approved [2]
Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [3]
Acute myeloid leukaemia 2A60 Approved [4]
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) 1D64 Preclinical [5]
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) 1D65 Preclinical [5]
Thioguanine Interacts with 3 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
MERS-CoV papain-like proteinase (PL-PRO) TTYJOLE R1AB_CVEMC (854-2740) Inhibitor [5]
Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) TTCAQMW NOUNIPROTAC Intercalator [8]
SARS-CoV papain-like proteinase (PL-PRO) TTRGHB2 R1AB_CVHSA (819-2740) Inhibitor [5]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thioguanine Interacts with 3 DTP Molecule(s)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2) DTI7UX6 ABCG2_HUMAN Substrate [9]
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 (ABCC4) DTCSGPB MRP4_HUMAN Substrate [10]
Concentrative Na(+)-nucleoside cotransporter 3 (SLC28A3) DT4YL5R S28A3_HUMAN Substrate [11]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thioguanine Interacts with 2 DME Molecule(s)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) DEFQ8VO TPMT_HUMAN Metabolism [12]
Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT1) DEVXTP5 HPRT_HUMAN Metabolism [13]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thioguanine Interacts with 11 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) OTFOX70W TPMT_HUMAN Increases ADR [14]
Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT1) OTOEEEXG HPRT_HUMAN Decreases Response To Substance [15]
Thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) OTFOX70W TPMT_HUMAN Increases ADR [16]
Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase 2 (IMPDH2) OTPG0K7E IMDH2_HUMAN Increases Expression [17]
Cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53) OTIE1VH3 P53_HUMAN Increases Activity [18]
Dystrophin (DMD) OTD21T5J DMD_HUMAN Increases Splicing [19]
Occludin (OCLN) OTSUTVWL OCLN_HUMAN Decreases Activity [20]
DNA mismatch repair protein Msh2 (MSH2) OT10H1AB MSH2_HUMAN Increases Response To Substance [21]
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 5 (ABCC5) OT34G4US MRP5_HUMAN Decreases Response To Substance [22]
Caspase-8 (CASP8) OTA8TVI8 CASP8_HUMAN Increases Response To Substance [18]
Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 2 (BIRC2) OTFXFREP BIRC2_HUMAN Decreases Response To Substance [23]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
⏷ Show the Full List of 11 DOT(s)
Indication(s) of Lapatinib
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [6]
Gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma 2B71 Approved [7]
Melanoma 2C30 Approved [7]
Lapatinib Interacts with 3 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Erbb2 tyrosine kinase receptor (HER2) TT6EO5L ERBB2_HUMAN Inhibitor [25]
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) TTGKNB4 EGFR_HUMAN Inhibitor [25]
Eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase (eEF-2K) TT1QFLA EF2K_HUMAN Inhibitor [26]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Lapatinib Interacts with 2 DTP Molecule(s)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1) DTUGYRD MDR1_HUMAN Substrate [27]
Breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2) DTI7UX6 ABCG2_HUMAN Substrate [28]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Lapatinib Interacts with 4 DME Molecule(s)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) DE4LYSA CP3A4_HUMAN Metabolism [29]
Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5) DEIBDNY CP3A5_HUMAN Metabolism [30]
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8) DES5XRU CP2C8_HUMAN Metabolism [29]
Mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase (CYP2C19) DEGTFWK CP2CJ_HUMAN Metabolism [30]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Lapatinib Interacts with 36 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) OTAPLO1S EGFR_HUMAN Decreases Activity [31]
Bile salt export pump (ABCB11) OTRU7THO ABCBB_HUMAN Decreases Activity [32]
Superoxide dismutase , mitochondrial (SOD2) OTIWXGZ9 SODM_HUMAN Increases Expression [33]
Heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) OTC1W6UX HMOX1_HUMAN Increases Expression [33]
NAD(P)H dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1) OTZGGIVK NQO1_HUMAN Increases Expression [33]
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NFE2L2) OT0HENJ5 NF2L2_HUMAN Increases Activity [33]
Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5 (BIRC5) OTILXZYL BIRC5_HUMAN Decreases Expression [34]
Estrogen receptor (ESR1) OTKLU61J ESR1_HUMAN Decreases Activity [31]
Poly polymerase 1 (PARP1) OT310QSG PARP1_HUMAN Increases Cleavage [35]
Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 (BCL2) OT9DVHC0 BCL2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [36]
DNA topoisomerase 1 (TOP1) OT51O0CF TOP1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [37]
DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha (TOP2A) OT6LPS08 TOP2A_HUMAN Decreases Expression [37]
Histone H2AX (H2AX) OT18UX57 H2AX_HUMAN Increases Expression [37]
Cyclin-A2 (CCNA2) OTPHHYZJ CCNA2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [35]
Phosphatidylcholine translocator ABCB4 (ABCB4) OTE6PY83 MDR3_HUMAN Decreases Activity [38]
Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-3 (ERBB3) OTRSST0A ERBB3_HUMAN Decreases Activity [39]
Alanine aminotransferase 1 (GPT) OTOXOA0Q ALAT1_HUMAN Increases Secretion [40]
G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 (CCND1) OT8HPTKJ CCND1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [31]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3) OTCYKGKO MK03_HUMAN Decreases Activity [35]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) OTH85PI5 MK01_HUMAN Decreases Activity [35]
RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT1) OT8H2YY7 AKT1_HUMAN Decreases Activity [31]
DNA replication licensing factor MCM7 (MCM7) OT6FXC6K MCM7_HUMAN Decreases Expression [35]
Caspase-3 (CASP3) OTIJRBE7 CASP3_HUMAN Increases Activity [37]
Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (CDKN1B) OTNY5LLZ CDN1B_HUMAN Increases Expression [31]
Caspase-7 (CASP7) OTAPJ040 CASP7_HUMAN Increases Activity [37]
Caspase-9 (CASP9) OTD4RFFG CASP9_HUMAN Increases Activity [37]
Apoptosis regulator BAX (BAX) OTAW0V4V BAX_HUMAN Increases Expression [36]
Cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) OTYXFLSD CP1B1_HUMAN Decreases Activity [41]
GTPase KRas (KRAS) OT78QCN8 RASK_HUMAN Decreases Response To Substance [42]
HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ alpha 1 chain (HLA-DQA1) OTC6GISG DQA1_HUMAN Increases ADR [43]
Zinc finger protein SNAI1 (SNAI1) OTDPYAMC SNAI1_HUMAN Decreases Response To Substance [44]
Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) OTE4EFH8 CP1A1_HUMAN Increases Metabolism [37]
Cytochrome P450 3A7 (CYP3A7) OTTCDHHM CP3A7_HUMAN Increases Metabolism [37]
Transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein (TGFB1) OTV5XHVH TGFB1_HUMAN Decreases Response To Substance [44]
Tenascin-X (TNXB) OTVBWAV5 TENX_HUMAN Increases ADR [43]
HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ beta 1 chain (HLA-DQB1) OTVVI3UI DQB1_HUMAN Increases ADR [43]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
⏷ Show the Full List of 36 DOT(s)

Test Results of This Drug Combination in Other Disease Systems

Indication DrugCom ID Cell Line Status REF
Adult acute myeloid leukemia DCUNJG8 HL-60(TB) Investigative [45]
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma DC2DDDL SR Investigative [45]
Astrocytoma DCMOM38 U251 Investigative [45]
Astrocytoma DCEDA4O SNB-19 Investigative [45]
Childhood T acute lymphoblastic leukemia DCJIZFX CCRF-CEM Investigative [45]
Glioma DC578HS SF-539 Investigative [45]
Glioma DC8EFUE SF-295 Investigative [45]
Carcinoma DCYJFHG MCF7 Investigative [46]
Colon adenocarcinoma DCHQDQ5 COLO 205 Investigative [46]
Adenocarcinoma DCBLBID DU-145 Investigative [1]
Adenocarcinoma DCQ1T2U A549 Investigative [1]
Adenocarcinoma DCNW6AW NCIH23 Investigative [1]
Adenocarcinoma DCUZ7B5 HT29 Investigative [1]
Adenocarcinoma DC1YRNF HCT116 Investigative [1]
Amelanotic melanoma DC4YFOI M14 Investigative [1]
Cutaneous melanoma DC400VD SK-MEL-5 Investigative [1]
High grade ovarian serous adenocarcinoma DCXW1QY OVCAR-8 Investigative [1]
High grade ovarian serous adenocarcinoma DCJX6EX NCI\\/ADR-RES Investigative [1]
Pleural epithelioid mesothelioma DC1LKWS NCI-H226 Investigative [1]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
⏷ Show the Full List of 19 DrugCom(s)

References

1 Loss of function mutations in VARS encoding cytoplasmic valyl-tRNA synthetase cause microcephaly, seizures, and progressive cerebral atrophy.Hum Genet. 2018 Apr;137(4):293-303. doi: 10.1007/s00439-018-1882-3. Epub 2018 Apr 24.
2 Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
3 Thioguanine FDA Label
4 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 6845).
5 Thiopurine analogs and mycophenolic acid synergistically inhibit the papain-like protease of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Antiviral Res. 2015 Mar;115:9-16.
6 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 5692).
7 Lapatinib FDA Label
8 Immune effector cells produce lethal DNA damage in cells treated with a thiopurine. Cancer Res. 2009 Mar 15;69(6):2393-9.
9 ABC transporters and their role in nucleoside and nucleotide drug resistance. Biochem Pharmacol. 2012 Apr 15;83(8):1073-83.
10 Multidrug resistance protein 4 (MRP4/ABCC4) mediates efflux of bimane-glutathione. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2004 Feb;36(2):247-57.
11 Involvement of the concentrative nucleoside transporter 3 and equilibrative nucleoside transporter 2 in the resistance of T-lymphoblastic cell lines to thiopurines. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006 Apr 28;343(1):208-15.
12 Usefulness of thiopurine methyltransferase and thiopurine metabolite analysis in clinical practice in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. Acta Gastroenterol Belg. 2010 Jul-Sep;73(3):331-5.
13 Qualitative and quantitative difference in mutation induction between carbon- and neon-ion beams in normal human cells. Biol Sci Space. 2003 Dec;17(4):302-6.
14 ADReCS-Target: target profiles for aiding drug safety research and application. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D911-D917. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx899.
15 CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene knockout screens and target identification via whole-genome sequencing uncover host genes required for picornavirus infection. J Biol Chem. 2017 Jun 23;292(25):10664-10671. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M117.782425. Epub 2017 Apr 26.
16 Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium guidelines for thiopurine methyltransferase genotype and thiopurine dosing. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2011 Mar;89(3):387-91. doi: 10.1038/clpt.2010.320. Epub 2011 Jan 26.
17 Petit E, Langouet S, Akhdar H, Nicolas-Nicolaz C, Guillouzo A, Morel F. Differential toxic effects of azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine and 6-thioguanine on human hepatocytes. Toxicol In Vitro. 2008;22(3):632-642. [PMID: 18222062]
18 Important role of caspase-8 for chemosensitivity of ALL cells. Clin Cancer Res. 2011 Dec 15;17(24):7605-13. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-11-0513. Epub 2011 Oct 18.
19 The effect of 6-thioguanine on alternative splicing and antisense-mediated exon skipping treatment for duchenne muscular dystrophy. PLoS Curr. 2012 Dec 12;4:ecurrents.md.597d700f92eaa70de261ea0d91821377. doi: 10.1371/currents.md.597d700f92eaa70de261ea0d91821377.
20 The thiopurine methyltransferase genetic polymorphism is associated with thioguanine-related veno-occlusive disease of the liver in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2006 Oct;80(4):375-83. doi: 10.1016/j.clpt.2006.07.002.
21 The effect of Msh2 knockdown on methylating agent induced toxicity in DNA glycosylase deficient cells. Toxicology. 2010 Jan 31;268(1-2):111-7. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2009.12.008. Epub 2009 Dec 16.
22 The multidrug resistance protein 5 (ABCC5) confers resistance to 5-fluorouracil and transports its monophosphorylated metabolites. Mol Cancer Ther. 2005 May;4(5):855-63.
23 Expression and prognostic significance of IAP-family genes in human cancers and myeloid leukemias. Clin Cancer Res. 2000 May;6(5):1796-803.
24 UGT-dependent regioselective glucuronidation of ursodeoxycholic acid and obeticholic acid and selective transport of the consequent acyl glucuronides by OATP1B1 and 1B3. Chem Biol Interact. 2019 Sep 1;310:108745. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.108745. Epub 2019 Jul 9.
25 Triple negative breast cancer--current status and prospective targeted treatment based on HER1 (EGFR), TOP2A and C-MYC gene assessment. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2009 Mar;153(1):13-7.
26 Inhibition of eEF-2 kinase sensitizes human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells to lapatinib-induced apoptosis through the Src and Erk pathways.BMC Cancer. 2016 Oct 19;16(1):813.
27 Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2018 Classic Shirt-Pocket Edition.
28 The role of efflux and uptake transporters in [N-{3-chloro-4-[(3-fluorobenzyl)oxy]phenyl}-6-[5-({[2-(methylsulfonyl)ethyl]amino}methyl)-2-furyl]-4-quinazolinamine (GW572016, lapatinib) disposition and drug interactions. Drug Metab Dispos. 2008 Apr;36(4):695-701.
29 Mechanism-based inactivation of cytochrome P450 3A4 by lapatinib. Mol Pharmacol. 2010 Oct;78(4):693-703.
30 Clinical pharmacokinetics of tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Cancer Treat Rev. 2009 Dec;35(8):692-706.
31 The dual ErbB1/ErbB2 inhibitor, lapatinib (GW572016), cooperates with tamoxifen to inhibit both cell proliferation- and estrogen-dependent gene expression in antiestrogen-resistant breast cancer. Cancer Res. 2005 Jan 1;65(1):18-25.
32 Interference with bile salt export pump function is a susceptibility factor for human liver injury in drug development. Toxicol Sci. 2010 Dec; 118(2):485-500.
33 P450 3A-catalyzed O-dealkylation of lapatinib induces mitochondrial stress and activates Nrf2. Chem Res Toxicol. 2016 May 16;29(5):784-96.
34 Combining lapatinib (GW572016), a small molecule inhibitor of ErbB1 and ErbB2 tyrosine kinases, with therapeutic anti-ErbB2 antibodies enhances apoptosis of ErbB2-overexpressing breast cancer cells. Oncogene. 2005 Sep 15;24(41):6213-21. doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1208774.
35 CDK4/6 inhibition provides a potent adjunct to Her2-targeted therapies in preclinical breast cancer models. Genes Cancer. 2014 Jul;5(7-8):261-72. doi: 10.18632/genesandcancer.24.
36 Effects of lapatinib on cell proliferation and apoptosis in NB4 cells. Oncol Lett. 2018 Jan;15(1):235-242. doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.7342. Epub 2017 Nov 3.
37 The involvement of hepatic cytochrome P450s in the cytotoxicity of lapatinib. Toxicol Sci. 2023 Dec 21;197(1):69-78. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad099.
38 Evaluating the Role of Multidrug Resistance Protein 3 (MDR3) Inhibition in Predicting Drug-Induced Liver Injury Using 125 Pharmaceuticals. Chem Res Toxicol. 2017 May 15;30(5):1219-1229. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.7b00048. Epub 2017 May 4.
39 Suppression of HER2/HER3-mediated growth of breast cancer cells with combinations of GDC-0941 PI3K inhibitor, trastuzumab, and pertuzumab. Clin Cancer Res. 2009 Jun 15;15(12):4147-56. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-2814. Epub 2009 Jun 9.
40 Cytotoxicity of 34 FDA approved small-molecule kinase inhibitors in primary rat and human hepatocytes. Toxicol Lett. 2018 Jul;291:138-148. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.04.010. Epub 2018 Apr 12.
41 Association of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 inhibition in in vitro assays with drug-induced liver injury. J Toxicol Sci. 2021;46(4):167-176. doi: 10.2131/jts.46.167.
42 The K-Ras effector p38 MAPK confers intrinsic resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors by stimulating EGFR transcription and EGFR dephosphorylation. J Biol Chem. 2017 Sep 8;292(36):15070-15079. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M117.779488. Epub 2017 Jul 24.
43 HLA-DQA1*02:01 is a major risk factor for lapatinib-induced hepatotoxicity in women with advanced breast cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2011 Feb 20;29(6):667-73. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2010.31.3197. Epub 2011 Jan 18.
44 Niclosamide inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition and tumor growth in lapatinib-resistant human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2016 Feb;71:12-23. doi: 10.1016/j.biocel.2015.11.014. Epub 2015 Nov 28.
45 Recurrent recessive mutation in deoxyguanosine kinase causes idiopathic noncirrhotic portal hypertension.Hepatology. 2016 Jun;63(6):1977-86. doi: 10.1002/hep.28499. Epub 2016 Mar 31.
46 Biologically active neutrophil chemokine pattern in tonsillitis.Clin Exp Immunol. 2004 Mar;135(3):511-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2003.02390.x.