General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DC6WXT1)

Drug Combination Name
Vismodegib Thioguanine
Indication
Disease Entry Status REF
Astrocytoma Investigative [1]
Component Drugs Vismodegib   DM5IXKQ Thioguanine   DM7NKEV
Small molecular drug Small molecular drug
2D MOL 2D MOL
3D MOL 3D MOL
High-throughput Screening Result Testing Cell Line: SNB-19
Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 5.29
Bliss Independence Score: 8.29
Loewe Additivity Score: 1.75
LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 8.02

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)
Indication(s) of Vismodegib
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Basal cell carcinoma 2C32 Approved [2]
Primitive neuroectodermal tumour medulloblastoma 2A00.11 Phase 2 [3]
Vismodegib Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Smoothened homolog (SMO) TT8J1S3 SMO_HUMAN Modulator [8]
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Vismodegib Interacts with 2 DME Molecule(s)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) DE4LYSA CP3A4_HUMAN Metabolism [9]
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) DE5IED8 CP2C9_HUMAN Metabolism [9]
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Vismodegib Interacts with 13 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10A (TNFRSF10A) OTBPCU2O TR10A_HUMAN Increases Expression [10]
Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10B (TNFRSF10B) OTA1CPBV TR10B_HUMAN Increases Expression [10]
Zinc finger protein GLI1 (GLI1) OT1BTAJO GLI1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [10]
Zinc finger protein GLI2 (GLI2) OTIRV97L GLI2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [10]
Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 (BCL2) OT9DVHC0 BCL2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [10]
Platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) OTDJXUCN PGFRA_HUMAN Decreases Expression [10]
Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 (FAS) OTP9XG86 TNR6_HUMAN Increases Expression [10]
Caspase-3 (CASP3) OTIJRBE7 CASP3_HUMAN Increases Cleavage [10]
Protein patched homolog 1 (PTCH1) OTMG07H5 PTC1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [10]
Protein smoothened (SMO) OTXXE208 SMO_HUMAN Decreases Expression [10]
Protein patched homolog 2 (PTCH2) OTOQ0K9V PTC2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [10]
Suppressor of fused homolog (SUFU) OT0IRYG1 SUFU_HUMAN Decreases Response To Substance [11]
N-myc proto-oncogene protein (MYCN) OTWD33K1 MYCN_HUMAN Decreases Response To Substance [11]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 13 DOT(s)
Indication(s) of Thioguanine
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Acute lymphocytic leukaemia 2B33.3 Approved [4]
Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [5]
Acute myeloid leukaemia 2A60 Approved [6]
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) 1D64 Preclinical [7]
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) 1D65 Preclinical [7]
Thioguanine Interacts with 3 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
MERS-CoV papain-like proteinase (PL-PRO) TTYJOLE R1AB_CVEMC (854-2740) Inhibitor [7]
Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) TTCAQMW NOUNIPROTAC Intercalator [12]
SARS-CoV papain-like proteinase (PL-PRO) TTRGHB2 R1AB_CVHSA (819-2740) Inhibitor [7]
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Thioguanine Interacts with 3 DTP Molecule(s)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2) DTI7UX6 ABCG2_HUMAN Substrate [13]
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 (ABCC4) DTCSGPB MRP4_HUMAN Substrate [14]
Concentrative Na(+)-nucleoside cotransporter 3 (SLC28A3) DT4YL5R S28A3_HUMAN Substrate [15]
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Thioguanine Interacts with 2 DME Molecule(s)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) DEFQ8VO TPMT_HUMAN Metabolism [16]
Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT1) DEVXTP5 HPRT_HUMAN Metabolism [17]
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Thioguanine Interacts with 11 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) OTFOX70W TPMT_HUMAN Increases ADR [18]
Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT1) OTOEEEXG HPRT_HUMAN Decreases Response To Substance [19]
Thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) OTFOX70W TPMT_HUMAN Increases ADR [20]
Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase 2 (IMPDH2) OTPG0K7E IMDH2_HUMAN Increases Expression [21]
Cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53) OTIE1VH3 P53_HUMAN Increases Activity [22]
Dystrophin (DMD) OTD21T5J DMD_HUMAN Increases Splicing [23]
Occludin (OCLN) OTSUTVWL OCLN_HUMAN Decreases Activity [24]
DNA mismatch repair protein Msh2 (MSH2) OT10H1AB MSH2_HUMAN Increases Response To Substance [25]
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 5 (ABCC5) OT34G4US MRP5_HUMAN Decreases Response To Substance [26]
Caspase-8 (CASP8) OTA8TVI8 CASP8_HUMAN Increases Response To Substance [22]
Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 2 (BIRC2) OTFXFREP BIRC2_HUMAN Decreases Response To Substance [27]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 11 DOT(s)

Test Results of This Drug Combination in Other Disease Systems

Indication DrugCom ID Cell Line Status REF
Breast adenocarcinoma DCNFSXF MDA-MB-468 Investigative [28]
Carcinoma DCXIU5B RXF 393 Investigative [28]
Adenocarcinoma DCO6FXE DU-145 Investigative [1]
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma DC0ZPHV 786-0 Investigative [1]
Glioma DC9QP16 SF-295 Investigative [1]
Lung adenocarcinoma DCXLVZC HOP-62 Investigative [1]
Renal cell carcinoma DCJRVQM SN12C Investigative [1]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 7 DrugCom(s)

References

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2 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 6975).
3 A phase II, multicenter, open-label, 3-cohort trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of vismodegib in operable basal cell carcinoma. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2015 Jul;73(1):99-105.e1.
4 Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
5 Thioguanine FDA Label
6 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 6845).
7 Thiopurine analogs and mycophenolic acid synergistically inhibit the papain-like protease of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Antiviral Res. 2015 Mar;115:9-16.
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9 The dawn of hedgehog inhibitors: Vismodegib. J Pharmacol Pharmacother. 2013 Jan;4(1):4-7.
10 Hedgehog signaling antagonist GDC-0449 (Vismodegib) inhibits pancreatic cancer stem cell characteristics: molecular mechanisms. PLoS One. 2011;6(11):e27306. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027306. Epub 2011 Nov 8.
11 Epigenetic targeting of Hedgehog pathway transcriptional output through BET bromodomain inhibition. Nat Med. 2014 Jul;20(7):732-40. doi: 10.1038/nm.3613. Epub 2014 Jun 29.
12 Immune effector cells produce lethal DNA damage in cells treated with a thiopurine. Cancer Res. 2009 Mar 15;69(6):2393-9.
13 ABC transporters and their role in nucleoside and nucleotide drug resistance. Biochem Pharmacol. 2012 Apr 15;83(8):1073-83.
14 Multidrug resistance protein 4 (MRP4/ABCC4) mediates efflux of bimane-glutathione. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2004 Feb;36(2):247-57.
15 Involvement of the concentrative nucleoside transporter 3 and equilibrative nucleoside transporter 2 in the resistance of T-lymphoblastic cell lines to thiopurines. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006 Apr 28;343(1):208-15.
16 Usefulness of thiopurine methyltransferase and thiopurine metabolite analysis in clinical practice in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. Acta Gastroenterol Belg. 2010 Jul-Sep;73(3):331-5.
17 Qualitative and quantitative difference in mutation induction between carbon- and neon-ion beams in normal human cells. Biol Sci Space. 2003 Dec;17(4):302-6.
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19 CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene knockout screens and target identification via whole-genome sequencing uncover host genes required for picornavirus infection. J Biol Chem. 2017 Jun 23;292(25):10664-10671. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M117.782425. Epub 2017 Apr 26.
20 Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium guidelines for thiopurine methyltransferase genotype and thiopurine dosing. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2011 Mar;89(3):387-91. doi: 10.1038/clpt.2010.320. Epub 2011 Jan 26.
21 Petit E, Langouet S, Akhdar H, Nicolas-Nicolaz C, Guillouzo A, Morel F. Differential toxic effects of azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine and 6-thioguanine on human hepatocytes. Toxicol In Vitro. 2008;22(3):632-642. [PMID: 18222062]
22 Important role of caspase-8 for chemosensitivity of ALL cells. Clin Cancer Res. 2011 Dec 15;17(24):7605-13. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-11-0513. Epub 2011 Oct 18.
23 The effect of 6-thioguanine on alternative splicing and antisense-mediated exon skipping treatment for duchenne muscular dystrophy. PLoS Curr. 2012 Dec 12;4:ecurrents.md.597d700f92eaa70de261ea0d91821377. doi: 10.1371/currents.md.597d700f92eaa70de261ea0d91821377.
24 The thiopurine methyltransferase genetic polymorphism is associated with thioguanine-related veno-occlusive disease of the liver in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2006 Oct;80(4):375-83. doi: 10.1016/j.clpt.2006.07.002.
25 The effect of Msh2 knockdown on methylating agent induced toxicity in DNA glycosylase deficient cells. Toxicology. 2010 Jan 31;268(1-2):111-7. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2009.12.008. Epub 2009 Dec 16.
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