General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCF4Q9G)

Drug Combination Name
Levonorgestrel Mefenamic acid
Indication
Disease Entry Status REF
Uterine Hemorrhage Phase 1 [1]
Component Drugs Levonorgestrel   DM1DP7T Mefenamic acid   DMK7HFI
Small molecular drug Small molecular drug
2D MOL 2D MOL
3D MOL 3D MOL

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)
Indication(s) of Levonorgestrel
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Atypical endometrial hyperplasia N.A. Approved [2]
Contraception QA21 Approved [3]
Hot flushes GA30 Approved [2]
Menorrhagia GA20.50 Approved [2]
Levonorgestrel Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Progesterone receptor (PGR) TTUV8G9 PRGR_HUMAN Binder [7]
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Levonorgestrel Interacts with 10 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1 (ABCB1) OTEJROBO MDR1_HUMAN Increases Expression [8]
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 (AKR1C3) OTU2SXBA AK1C3_HUMAN Decreases Activity [9]
Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11B (TNFRSF11B) OTQ4W7MT TR11B_HUMAN Increases Expression [10]
Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 11 (TNFSF11) OTJEPKEQ TNF11_HUMAN Decreases Expression [10]
Low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) OTH559LU LDLR_HUMAN Affects Expression [11]
Lutropin subunit beta (LHB) OT5GBOVJ LSHB_HUMAN Decreases Secretion [12]
Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) OTPWU5IW SHBG_HUMAN Affects Binding [13]
Prostate-specific antigen (KLK3) OTFGSBFJ KLK3_HUMAN Increases Expression [14]
Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 (BCL2) OT9DVHC0 BCL2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [15]
Proliferation marker protein Ki-67 (MKI67) OTA8N1QI KI67_HUMAN Decreases Expression [15]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 10 DOT(s)
Indication(s) of Mefenamic acid
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Dysmenorrhea GA34.3 Approved [4]
Pain MG30-MG3Z Approved [5]
Mefenamic acid Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 (COX-2) TTVKILB PGH2_HUMAN Inhibitor [17]
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Mefenamic acid Interacts with 3 DME Molecule(s)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8) DES5XRU CP2C8_HUMAN Metabolism [18]
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) DE5IED8 CP2C9_HUMAN Metabolism [19]
Cytochrome P450 102A1 (cyp102) DE4OGUF CPXB_BACMB Metabolism [20]
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Mefenamic acid Interacts with 28 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) OTGLBN29 CP2C9_HUMAN Increases Glutathionylation [19]
Solute carrier family 22 member 1 (SLC22A1) OT7817I4 S22A1_HUMAN Decreases Activity [21]
Solute carrier family 22 member 6 (SLC22A6) OTKRCBVM S22A6_HUMAN Decreases Activity [21]
Organic anion transporter 7 (SLC22A9) OTO4BJCC S22A9_HUMAN Decreases Activity [21]
Solute carrier family 22 member 11 (SLC22A11) OTAJLNJZ S22AB_HUMAN Decreases Activity [21]
Solute carrier family 22 member 7 (SLC22A7) OTKTNH1W S22A7_HUMAN Decreases Activity [21]
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 (AKR1C3) OTU2SXBA AK1C3_HUMAN Decreases Activity [22]
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C2 (AKR1C2) OTQ2XMO3 AK1C2_HUMAN Decreases Activity [22]
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1 (AKR1C1) OTQKR4CM AK1C1_HUMAN Decreases Activity [22]
Sulfotransferase 1A1 (SULT1A1) OT0K7JIE ST1A1_HUMAN Decreases Activity [23]
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2 (NR1I2) OTC5U0N5 NR1I2_HUMAN Increases Activity [24]
Interleukin-1 beta (IL1B) OT0DWXXB IL1B_HUMAN Decreases Secretion [25]
Albumin (ALB) OTVMM513 ALBU_HUMAN Affects Binding [26]
Interleukin-6 (IL6) OTUOSCCU IL6_HUMAN Decreases Secretion [25]
L-selectin (SELL) OT6RAJZR LYAM1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [27]
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (HPGD) OTYZI6JB PGDH_HUMAN Increases Expression [28]
Cytochrome P450 4A11 (CYP4A11) OTPU5J0S CP4AB_HUMAN Affects Activity [29]
Cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) OTYXFLSD CP1B1_HUMAN Decreases Activity [30]
Major histocompatibility complex class I-related gene protein (MR1) OTZU3XX7 HMR1_HUMAN Affects Expression [31]
Glutathione S-transferase A1 (GSTA1) OTA7K5XA GSTA1_HUMAN Increases Glutathionylation [19]
Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) OTE4EFH8 CP1A1_HUMAN Increases Glutathionylation [19]
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) OTFMJYYE CP2CJ_HUMAN Increases Hydroxylation [19]
Glutathione S-transferase Mu 3 (GSTM3) OTLA2WJT GSTM3_HUMAN Increases Glutathionylation [19]
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) OTLLBX48 CP1A2_HUMAN Increases Glutathionylation [19]
Glutathione S-transferase P (GSTP1) OTLP0A0Y GSTP1_HUMAN Increases Glutathionylation [19]
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) OTQGYY83 CP3A4_HUMAN Increases Glutathionylation [19]
Glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 (GSTM1) OTSBF2MO GSTM1_HUMAN Increases Glutathionylation [19]
Glutathione S-transferase A2 (GSTA2) OTW7UB1H GSTA2_HUMAN Increases Glutathionylation [19]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 28 DOT(s)

References

1 ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01295294) Management of Initial Bleeding/Spotting Associated With the Levonorgestrel-releasing Intrauterine System (MIRENA)
2 Levonorgestrel FDA Label
3 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 2881).
4 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 2593).
5 Mefenamic acid FDA Label
6 Effects of 17beta-estradiol, progesterone, synthetic progestins, tibolone, and raloxifene on vascular endothelial growth factor and Thrombospondin-1 messenger RNA in breast cancer cells. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2006;16 Suppl 2:560-3. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1438.2006.00696.x.
7 Met909 plays a key role in the activation of the progesterone receptor and also in the high potency of 13-ethyl progestins. Mol Pharmacol. 2009 Jun;75(6):1317-24.
8 P-glycoprotein (P-gp/MDR1)-mediated efflux of sex-steroid hormones and modulation of P-gp expression in vitro. Pharm Res. 2004 Jul;21(7):1284-93.
9 Progestins as inhibitors of the human 20-ketosteroid reductases, AKR1C1 and AKR1C3. Chem Biol Interact. 2011 May 30;191(1-3):227-33.
10 [Effect of nylestriol and levonorgestrel on the expression of Opg/OPGL in human osteosarcoma MG-63 cell lines]. Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2004 Dec;29(6):667-70.
11 Study of low-density lipoprotein receptor regulation by oral (steroid) contraceptives: desogestrel, levonorgestrel and ethinyl estradiol in JEG-3 cell line and placental tissue. Contraception. 2007 Oct;76(4):297-305. doi: 10.1016/j.contraception.2007.06.011. Epub 2007 Sep 14.
12 Relative progestational and androgenic activity of four progestins used for male hormonal contraception assessed in vitro in relation to their ability to suppress LH secretion in the castrate male rat. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2010 Oct 26;328(1-2):16-21. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2010.06.010. Epub 2010 Jun 25.
13 Serum distribution of the major metabolites of norgestimate in relation to its pharmacological properties. Contraception. 2003 Feb;67(2):93-9. doi: 10.1016/s0010-7824(02)00473-0.
14 Effects of natural products and nutraceuticals on steroid hormone-regulated gene expression. Clin Chim Acta. 2001 Oct;312(1-2):213-9. doi: 10.1016/s0009-8981(01)00626-x.
15 Effect of menstrual cycle and hormonal treatment on ki-67 and bcl-2 expression and adenomyosis. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2005 Mar;20(3):127-31. doi: 10.1080/09513590400021086.
16 Gastrointestinally distributed UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A10, which metabolizes estrogens and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, depends upon phosphorylation. J Biol Chem. 2004 Jul 2;279(27):28320-9. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M401396200. Epub 2004 Apr 26.
17 Systematic pharmacological approach to the characterization of NSAIDs. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 1998 Jul;59(1):55-62.
18 Role of cytochrome P450 2C8 in drug metabolism and interactions. Pharmacol Rev. 2016 Jan;68(1):168-241.
19 Cytochrome P450-mediated bioactivation of mefenamic acid to quinoneimine intermediates and inactivation by human glutathione S-transferases. Chem Res Toxicol. 2014 Dec 15;27(12):2071-81.
20 Both reactivity and accessibility are important in cytochrome P450 metabolism: a combined DFT and MD study of fenamic acids in BM3 mutants. J Chem Inf Model. 2019 Feb 25;59(2):743-753.
21 Interactions of human organic anion transporters and human organic cation transporters with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Nov;303(2):534-9.
22 Type 5 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/prostaglandin F synthase (AKR1C3): role in breast cancer and inhibition by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug analogs. Chem Biol Interact. 2009 Mar 16;178(1-3):221-7.
23 Metabolic activation of the cooked meat carcinogen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine in human prostate. Toxicol Sci. 2018 Jun 1;163(2):543-556.
24 Development of a bioanalytical test battery for water quality monitoring: Fingerprinting identified micropollutants and their contribution to effects in surface water. Water Res. 2017 Oct 15;123:734-750. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.07.016. Epub 2017 Jul 9.
25 Inhibition of prostaglandin E2 synthesis in abdominal aortic aneurysms: implications for smooth muscle cell viability, inflammatory processes, and the expansion of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Circulation. 1999 Jul 6;100(1):48-54. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.100.1.48.
26 Interaction of valproic acid with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs mefenamic acid and fenoprofen in normal and uremic sera: lack of interaction in uremic sera due to the presence of endogenous factors. Ther Drug Monit. 1996 Dec;18(6):654-9. doi: 10.1097/00007691-199612000-00005.
27 Structure-function relationship and role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha-converting enzyme in the down-regulation of L-selectin by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. J Biol Chem. 2002 Oct 11;277(41):38212-21. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M205142200. Epub 2002 Jul 29.
28 15-Hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) is up-regulated by flurbiprofen and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in human colon cancer HT29 cells. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2009 Jul 15;487(2):139-45. doi: 10.1016/j.abb.2009.05.017. Epub 2009 Jun 6.
29 Effects of acidic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on human cytochrome P450 4A11 activity: Roles of carboxylic acid and a sulfur atom in potent inhibition by sulindac sulfide. Chem Biol Interact. 2023 Sep 1;382:110644. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110644. Epub 2023 Jul 25.
30 Association of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 inhibition in in vitro assays with drug-induced liver injury. J Toxicol Sci. 2021;46(4):167-176. doi: 10.2131/jts.46.167.
31 Systems pharmacological analysis of drugs inducing stevens-johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. Chem Res Toxicol. 2015 May 18;28(5):927-34. doi: 10.1021/tx5005248. Epub 2015 Apr 3.