Details of the Drug Combination

General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCRGW5Q)

• Drug Combination Name: Tacrine + Hyodeoxycholic acid
• Indication: Chronic myelogenous leukemia; Status: Investigative [1]
• Component Drugs:
  Tacrine (DM51FY6): Small molecular drug
  Hyodeoxycholic acid (DMSIWD0): N.A.
• High-throughput Screening Result:
  Testing Cell Line: KBM-7
  Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 1.82
  Bliss Independence Score: 1.82
  Loewe Additivity Score: 5.27
  LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 5.29

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Indication(s) of Tacrine

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Alzheimer disease	8A20	Approved	[2]

Tacrine Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE)	TT1RS9F	ACES_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[3]

Tacrine Interacts with 1 DTP Molecule(s)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)	DTUGYRD	MDR1_HUMAN	Substrate	[4]

Tacrine Interacts with 2 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2)	DEJGDUW	CP1A2_HUMAN	Metabolism	[5]
Glutathione S-transferase alpha-1 (GSTA1)	DE4ZHS1	GSTA1_HUMAN	Metabolism	[6]

Tacrine Interacts with 12 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cholinesterase (BCHE)	OTOH3WQ9	CHLE_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[7]
Cocaine esterase (CES2)	OTC647SQ	EST2_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[8]
NAD(P)H dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1)	OTZGGIVK	NQO1_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[9]
Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (NQO2)	OTGDAJRZ	NQO2_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[9]
Phosphatidylcholine translocator ABCB4 (ABCB4)	OTE6PY83	MDR3_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[10]
Acetylcholinesterase (ACHE)	OT2H8HG6	ACES_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[11]
Liver carboxylesterase 1 (CES1)	OT9L0LR8	EST1_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[12]
DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 protein (DDIT3)	OTI8YKKE	DDIT3_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[13]
Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (CDKN1A)	OTQWHCZE	CDN1A_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[13]
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 (KCNH2)	OTZX881H	KCNH2_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[14]
Apolipoprotein E (APOE)	OTFOWL2H	APOE_HUMAN	Increases ADR	[15]
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	OTQGYY83	CP3A4_HUMAN	Increases Response To Substance	[16]

Hyodeoxycholic acid Interacts with 2 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A6 (UGT1A6)	DESD26P	UD16_HUMAN	Metabolism	[19]
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2A3 (UGT2A3)	DEWBT6H	UD2A3_HUMAN	Metabolism	[20]

References

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• [2] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 6687).
• [3] Evidence that the clinical effects of cholinesterase inhibitors are related to potency and targeting of action. Int J Clin Pract Suppl. 2002 Jun;(127):6-19.
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• [9] Reduction and scavenging of chemically reactive drug metabolites by NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 and NRH:quinone oxidoreductase 2 and variability in hepatic concentrations. Chem Res Toxicol. 2018 Feb 19;31(2):116-126.
• [10] Evaluating the Role of Multidrug Resistance Protein 3 (MDR3) Inhibition in Predicting Drug-Induced Liver Injury Using 125 Pharmaceuticals. Chem Res Toxicol. 2017 May 15;30(5):1219-1229. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.7b00048. Epub 2017 May 4.
• [11] Correlation of brain levels of 9-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine (THA) with neurochemical and behavioral changes. Eur J Pharmacol. 1989 Nov 28;173(1):53-64. doi: 10.1016/0014-2999(89)90008-3.
• [12] Crystal structure of human carboxylesterase 1 complexed with the Alzheimer's drug tacrine: from binding promiscuity to selective inhibition. Chem Biol. 2003 Apr;10(4):341-9. doi: 10.1016/s1074-5521(03)00071-1.
• [13] High-content imaging-based BAC-GFP toxicity pathway reporters to assess chemical adversity liabilities. Arch Toxicol. 2017 Mar;91(3):1367-1383. doi: 10.1007/s00204-016-1781-0. Epub 2016 Jun 29.
• [14] Refining the human iPSC-cardiomyocyte arrhythmic risk assessment model. Toxicol Sci. 2013 Dec;136(2):581-94. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kft205. Epub 2013 Sep 19.
• [15] ADReCS-Target: target profiles for aiding drug safety research and application. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D911-D917. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx899.
• [16] Development of a highly sensitive cytotoxicity assay system for CYP3A4-mediated metabolic activation. Drug Metab Dispos. 2011 Aug;39(8):1388-95. doi: 10.1124/dmd.110.037077. Epub 2011 May 3.
• [17] Complementary deoxyribonucleic acid cloning and expression of a human liver uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase glucuronidating carboxylic acid-containing drugs. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1993 Jan;264(1):475-9.
• [18] Isolation and characterization of hyodeoxycholic-acid: UDP-glucuronosyltransferase from human liver. Eur J Biochem. 1991 Sep 1;200(2):393-400. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1991.tb16197.x.
• [19] Structural and functional studies of UDP-glucuronosyltransferases. Drug Metab Rev. 1999 Nov;31(4):817-99.
• [20] Novel polymorphic human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2A3: cloning, functional characterization of enzyme variants, comparative tissue expression, and gene induction. Mol Pharmacol. 2008 Sep;74(3):744-54.