Details of the Drug Combination

General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCVICBD)

• Drug Combination Name: Lactose + Formoterol
• Indication: COPD; Status: Phase 1 [1]
• Component Drugs:
  Lactose (DMO4GPK): N.A.
  Formoterol (DMSOURV): Small molecular drug

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Indication(s) of Lactose

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Discovery agent	N.A.	Investigative	[2]

Lactose Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Influenza Neuraminidase (Influ NA)	TT50QJ3	NRAM_I33A0	Inhibitor	[2]

Lactose Interacts with 6 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cellobiose 2-epimerase (CE)	DEGLW18	A0A173SS24_9FIRM	Metabolism	[5]
Cellobiose 2-epimerase (CE)	DENTGJO	A0A173Z970_9FIRM	Metabolism	[5]
Cellobiose 2-epimerase (CE)	DE4XLDR	A0A174ZCD1_9FIRM	Metabolism	[5]
Cellobiose 2-epimerase (CE)	DEGBVKJ	A9KK53_LACP7	Metabolism	[5]
Cellobiose 2-epimerase (CE)	DEDY9F6	CEEP_EUBCE	Metabolism	[5]
Beta-galactosidase (bgaB)	DEQB4LT	A0A2U1B4D0_9BACT	Metabolism	[6]

Indication(s) of Formoterol

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Allergic asthma	CA23.0	Approved	[3]
Asthma	CA23	Approved	[4]
Intrinsic asthma	N.A.	Approved	[3]
Pulmonary emphysema	CA21.Z	Approved	[3]

Formoterol Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Adrenergic receptor beta-2 (ADRB2)	TT2CJVK	ADRB2_HUMAN	Agonist	[7]

Formoterol Interacts with 1 DTP Molecule(s)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Organic cation transporter 1 (SLC22A1)	DTT79CX	S22A1_HUMAN	Substrate	[8]

Formoterol Interacts with 3 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)	DECB0K3	CP2D6_HUMAN	Metabolism	[9]
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9)	DE5IED8	CP2C9_HUMAN	Metabolism	[10]
Mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase (CYP2C19)	DEGTFWK	CP2CJ_HUMAN	Metabolism	[9]

Formoterol Interacts with 3 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Interleukin-5 (IL5)	OTAFPSCO	IL5_HUMAN	Increases ADR	[11]
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor (ADRB2)	OTSDOX4Q	ADRB2_HUMAN	Increases ADR	[11]
C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10)	OTTLQ6S0	CXL10_HUMAN	Increases ADR	[11]

References

• [1] ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01748279) The Effects of Atorvastatin Treatment in COPD Patients
• [2] How many drug targets are there Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6.
• [3] Formoterol FDA Label
• [4] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 3465).
• [5] Cloning and sequencing of the gene for cellobiose 2-epimerase from a ruminal strain of Eubacterium cellulosolvens. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2008 Oct;287(1):34-40.
• [6] Identification and characterization of a novel beta-galactosidase from Victivallis vadensis ATCC BAA-548, an anaerobic fecal bacterium. J Microbiol. 2012 Dec;50(6):1034-40.
• [7] Long-acting beta2-agonists for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with poorly reversible airflow limitation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2002;(3):CD001104.
• [8] Identification of novel substrates and structure-activity relationship of cellular uptake mediated by human organic cation transporters 1 and 2. J Med Chem. 2013 Sep 26;56(18):7232-42.
• [9] A comparison of the expression and metabolizing activities of phase I and II enzymes in freshly isolated human lung parenchymal cells and cryopreserved human hepatocytes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2007 Oct;35(10):1797-805.
• [10] FDA Label of Formoterol. The 2020 official website of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
• [11] ADReCS-Target: target profiles for aiding drug safety research and application. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D911-D917. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx899.