Details of the Drug-Related molecule(s) Expression Atlas

General Information of Drug (ID: DMN3E57)

Drug Name
Levodopa Drug Info
Synonyms Levodopa (optimized formulation, Parkinson's disease); More effective levodopa (Parkinson's disease), Orion; Levodopa (optimized formulation, Parkinson's disease), Orion
Indication
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Parkinson disease 8A00.0 Approved [1]
Parkinsonian disorder Approved [2]
Postencephalitic Parkinson disease Approved [2]
Cross-matching ID
PubChem CID
6047
ChEBI ID
CHEBI:15765
CAS Number
CAS 59-92-7
TTD Drug ID
DMN3E57
VARIDT Drug ID
DR00125
INTEDE Drug ID
DR0939

Molecule(s) Related to This Drug


Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) TTEX248 DRD2_HUMAN Modulator [1]

Drug Transporter (DTP)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID Highest Status REF
L-type amino acid transporter 1 (SLC7A5) DT48T0N LAT1_HUMAN Approved [3]
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1) DTUGYRD MDR1_HUMAN Approved [4]

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Highest Status REF
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) DECB0K3 CP2D6_HUMAN Approved [5]
DOPA decarboxylase (DDC) DETK9CN DDC_HUMAN Approved [6]
Thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) DEFQ8VO TPMT_HUMAN Approved [7]
Tyrosine decarboxylase (tdc) DE3HL9N TYRDC_ENTFA Approved [8] , [9]
Tyrosine decarboxylase (tdc) DEX2ZLF TYRDC_LACBR Approved [9]

The Expression Level of Molecule(s) in Normal Tissue of Major ADME-Related Organs

Molecule Molecule Type Gene Name Liver Colon Kidney Small Intestine
Dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) DTT DRD2 5.345 5.634 5.789 5.901
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1) DTP P-GP 7.009 6.988 7.442 8.135
L-type amino acid transporter 1 (SLC7A5) DTP LAT1 4.209 6.366 5.878 4.385
DOPA decarboxylase (DDC) DME DDC 7.255 7.312 8.596 9.191
Thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) DME TPMT 6.753 5.907 6.614 6.712
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) DME CYP2D6 3.307 5.005 3.921 5.327
Molecule Expression Atlas in Normal Tissue of Major ADME-related organs

The Expression Level of Molecule(s) between Disease Section and Healthy Individual Tissue

The Studied Disease Parkinson disease
ICD Disease Classification 8A00.0
Molecule Name Molecule Type Gene Name p-value Fold-Change Z-score
Dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) DTT DRD2 2.50E-02 -0.08 -0.49
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1) DTP P-GP 9.39E-02 1.07E-01 2.80E-01
L-type amino acid transporter 1 (SLC7A5) DTP LAT1 2.99E-01 1.73E-01 3.72E-01
DOPA decarboxylase (DDC) DME DDC 1.35E-03 -7.92E-02 -4.01E-01
Thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) DME TPMT 1.32E-01 -6.42E-02 -2.31E-01
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) DME CYP2D6 7.30E-01 -1.91E-02 -1.41E-01
Molecular Expression Atlas between Disease Section and Healthy Individual Tissue

References

1 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 3639).
2 Levodopa FDA Label
3 Modulation of LAT1 (SLC7A5) transporter activity and stability by membrane cholesterol. Sci Rep. 2017 Mar 8;7:43580.
4 Human intestinal transporter database: QSAR modeling and virtual profiling of drug uptake, efflux and interactions. Pharm Res. 2013 Apr;30(4):996-1007.
5 Multiple cytochrome P450 enzymes responsible for the oxidative metabolism of the substituted (S)-3-phenylpiperidine, (S,S)-3-[3-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-1-propylpiperidine hydrochloride, in human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2002 Dec;30(12):1372-7.
6 Complexity of dopamine metabolism. Cell Commun Signal. 2013 May 17;11(1):34.
7 Reduced 3-O-methyl-dopa levels in OCD patients and their unaffected parents is associated with the low activity M158 COMT allele. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 2010 Mar 5;153B(2):542-548.
8 Discovery and inhibition of an interspecies gut bacterial pathway for Levodopa metabolism. Science. 2019 Jun 14;364(6445). pii: eaau6323.
9 Gut bacterial tyrosine decarboxylases restrict levels of levodopa in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Nat Commun. 2019 Jan 18;10(1):310.