Details of the Drug

General Information of Drug (ID: DMF54ZG)

• Drug Name: Sulpiride
• Synonyms: Abilit; Aiglonyl; Alimoral; Arminol; Calmoflorine; Championyl; Coolspan; Darleton; Deponerton; Desisulpid; Desmenat; Digton; Dobren; Dogmatil; Dogmatyl; Dolmatil; Dresent; Eglonil; Eglonyl; Ekilid; Enimon; Equilid; Eusulpid; Fardalan; Fidelan; Guastil; Isnamide; Kylistro; Lebopride; Levobren; Levopraid; Levosulpirida; Levosulpiridum; Lisopiride; Mariastel; Meresa; Miradol; Mirbanil; Misulvan; Neogama; Norestran; Normum; Nufarol; Omiryl; Omperan; Ozoderpin; Pontiride; Psicocen; Pyrikappl; Pyrkappl; Restful; Sernevin; Splotin; Stamonevrol; Sulp; Sulperide; Sulpirid; Sulpirida; Sulpiridum; Sulpitil; Sulpivert; Sulpor; Sulpride; Sulpyrid; Suprium; Sursumid; Synedil; Tepavil; Valirem; Zemorcon; Allphar Brand of Sulpiride; Almirall Brand of Sulpiride; Areu Brand of Sulpiride; Centrum Brand of Sulpiride; Desitin Brand of Sulpiride; Dolorgiet Brand of Sulpiride; Erempharma Brand of Sulpiride; Fumouzer Brand of Sulpiride; Hennig Brand of Sulpiride; Hexal Brand of Sulpiride; Hoechst Brand of Sulpiride; Hormosan Brand of Sulpiride; Krewel Brand of Sulpiride; Levosulpiride [INN]; Magnetic resonance imaging sulpiride; Pharmacia Brand of Sulpiride; Psicofarma Brand of Sulpiride; Rosemont Brand of Sulpiride; Sanofi Synthelabo Brand of Sulpiride; Spyfarma Brand of Sulpiride; Uriach Brand of Sulpiride; Vertigo Meresa; Vertigo neogama; RD 1403; S 8010; Bosnyl (TN); Dogmatil (TN); Dogmatyl (TN); Eglonyl (TN); Levosulpirida [INN-Spanish]; Levosulpiridum [INN-Latin]; Meresa (TN); Neuraxpharm (TN); RV-12309; Ratiopharm (TN); Sanofi-Synthelabo Brand of Sulpiride; Sulpirid (TN); Sulpirida [INN-Spanish]; Sulpiridum [INN-Latin]; Sulpiryd (TN); Vertigo-Meresa; Vertigo-neogama; R. D. 1403; R.D. 1403; Sulpiride (JP15/USAN/INN); Sulpiride [USAN:INN:BAN:JAN]; N-((1-Ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl)-5-sulfamoyl-o-anisamide; (+/-)-Sulpiride; (RS)-(+/-)-sulpiride; (inverted question mark)-Sulpiride

Indication

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Schizophrenia	6A20	Approved	[1]

• Therapeutic Class: Antipsychotic Agents
• Drug Type: Small molecular drug
• #Ro5 Violations (Lipinski): 0:
  Molecular Weight (mw); 341.4
  Logarithm of the Partition Coefficient (xlogp); 0.6
  Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds); 6
  Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor); 2
  Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc); 6
• ADMET Property:
  BDDCS Class: Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification System (BDDCS) Class 3: high solubility and low permeability [2]
  Clearance: The drug present in the plasma can be removed from the body at the rate of 1.9 mL/min/kg [3]
  Elimination: 70% of drug is excreted from urine in the unchanged form [2]
  Half-life: The concentration or amount of drug in body reduced by one-half in 6.5 hours [3]
  MRTD: The Maximum Recommended Therapeutic Dose (MRTD) of drug that ensured maximising efficacy and moderate side effect is 133.8907 micromolar/kg/day [4]
  Unbound Fraction: The unbound fraction of drug in plasma is 1% [3]
  Vd: Fluid volume that would be required to contain the amount of drug present in the body at the same concentration as in the plasma 0.94 L/kg [3]
  Water Solubility: The ability of drug to dissolve in water is measured as 2.28 mg/mL [2]
• Chemical Identifiers:
  Formula: C15H23N3O4S
  IUPAC Name: N-[(1-ethylpyrrolidin-2-yl)methyl]-2-methoxy-5-sulfamoylbenzamide
  Canonical SMILES: CCN1CCCC1CNC(=O)C2=C(C=CC(=C2)S(=O)(=O)N)OC
  InChI: InChI=1S/C15H23N3O4S/c1-3-18-8-4-5-11(18)10-17-15(19)13-9-12(23(16,20)21)6-7-14(13)22-2/h6-7,9,11H,3-5,8,10H2,1-2H3,(H,17,19)(H2,16,20,21)
  InChIKey: BGRJTUBHPOOWDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
• Cross-matching ID:
  PubChem CID: 5355
  ChEBI ID: CHEBI:32168
  CAS Number: 15676-16-1
  DrugBank ID: DB00391
  TTD ID: D03QGM
  VARIDT ID: DR01168

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Dopamine D2 receptor (D2R)	TTEX248	DRD2_HUMAN	Antagonist	[5]

Drug Transporter (DTP)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Peptide transporter 1 (SLC15A1)	DT9G7XN	S15A1_HUMAN	Substrate	[6]

Drug Off-Target (DOT)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Interaction	REF
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1 (ABCB1)	OTEJROBO	MDR1_HUMAN	Regulation of Drug Effects	[7]
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2 (ABCG2)	OTW8V2V1	ABCG2_HUMAN	Regulation of Drug Effects	[7]
D(2) dopamine receptor (DRD2)	OTBLXKEG	DRD2_HUMAN	Protein Interaction/Cellular Processes	[8]
Insulin (INS)	OTZ85PDU	INS_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[9]
Prolactin (PRL)	OTWFQGX7	PRL_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[10]
Solute carrier family 22 member 3 (SLC22A3)	OTQYGVXX	S22A3_HUMAN	Regulation of Drug Effects	[7]

Molecular Expression Atlas of This Drug

• The Studied Disease: Schizophrenia
• ICD Disease Classification: 6A20

Molecule Name	Molecule Type	Gene Name	p-value	Fold-Change	Z-score
Dopamine D2 receptor (D2R)	DTT	DRD2	2.50E-02	-0.08	-0.49
Peptide transporter 1 (SLC15A1)	DTP	PEPT1	4.57E-01	2.15E-02	1.72E-01

References

• [1] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 960).
• [2] BDDCS applied to over 900 drugs
• [3] Trend Analysis of a Database of Intravenous Pharmacokinetic Parameters in Humans for 1352 Drug Compounds
• [4] Estimating the safe starting dose in phase I clinical trials and no observed effect level based on QSAR modeling of the human maximum recommended daily dose
• [5] The treatment of Tourette's syndrome: current opinions. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2002 Jul;3(7):899-914.
• [6] Studies on intestinal absorption of sulpiride (2): transepithelial transport of sulpiride across the human intestinal cell line Caco-2. Biol Pharm Bull. 2002 Oct;25(10):1345-50.
• [7] Multiple drug transporters mediate the placental transport of sulpiride. Arch Toxicol. 2017 Dec;91(12):3873-3884. doi: 10.1007/s00204-017-2008-8. Epub 2017 Jun 9.
• [8] Positron emission tomography measurement of dopamine D? receptor occupancy in the pituitary and cerebral cortex: relation to antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia. J Clin Psychiatry. 2010 Sep;71(9):1131-7. doi: 10.4088/JCP.08m04307yel. Epub 2010 Feb 23.
• [9] Effects of typical and atypical antipsychotics on glucose-insulin homeostasis and lipid metabolism in first-episode schizophrenia. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2006 Jul;186(4):572-8. doi: 10.1007/s00213-006-0384-5. Epub 2006 Apr 7.
• [10] D-Trp6-luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone inhibits sulpiride-induced hyperprolactinemia in normal men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1987 Aug;65(2):368-9. doi: 10.1210/jcem-65-2-368.