Details of the Drug

General Information of Drug (ID: DMGBKVD)

• Drug Name: Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid
• Synonyms: Anetamin; GHB; Hydroxyb; Oxybate; SHB; Somsanit; Xyrem; Gamma OH; Oxybate sodium; Utyric acid monosodium salt; EB 27; WY 3478; Gam-OH; Gamma-Hydroxy butyrate; Gamma-Hydroxy sodium butyrate; Gamma-Hydroxybutanoic acid; Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate sodium; Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid; Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid decomposition product; Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid monosodium salt; Gamma-OH; Xyrem (TN); Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid, sodium salt; Oxy-n-butyric acid; Sodium Oxybate (4-hydroxybutanoic acid); Sodium .gamma.-hydroxybutyrate; Sodium .gamma.-oxybutyrate; AA3E2AF0-AB7A-4A1E-A391-199C049D7162; Butanoic acid, 4-hydroxy-, monosodium salt; Butanoic acid, 4-hydroxy-, sodium salt; Butyric acid, 4-hydroxy-, monosodium salt; Butyric acid, 4-hydroxy-, sodium salt; 3-carboxypropoxy acid; 4 HB; 4-Hydroxy; 4-Hydroxyacid; 4-Hydroxyalkanoic acid; 4-Hydroxybutanoic acid; 4-Hydroxybuttersaeure; 4-Hydroxybutyrate sodium; 4-Hydroxybutyric acid; 4-Hydroxybutyric acid monosodium salt; 4-Hydroxycarboxylic acid; 4-OHB; 4-hydroxy-butyric acid

Indication

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Narcolepsy	7A20	Approved	[1]
Narcolepsy type 1	7A20.0	Approved	[2]

• Therapeutic Class: Anesthetics
• Drug Type: Small molecular drug
• #Ro5 Violations (Lipinski): 0:
  Molecular Weight (mw); 104.1
  Logarithm of the Partition Coefficient (xlogp); -0.6
  Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds); 3
  Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor); 2
  Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc); 3
• ADMET Property:
  Clearance: The apparent oral clearance of drug is 9.1 mL/min/kg []
  Half-life: The concentration or amount of drug in body reduced by one-half in 30 - 60 minutes [3]
  Vd: The volume of distribution (Vd) of drug is 0.19-0.384 L/kg []
• Chemical Identifiers:
  Formula: C4H8O3
  IUPAC Name: 4-hydroxybutanoic acid
  Canonical SMILES: C(CC(=O)O)CO
  InChI: InChI=1S/C4H8O3/c5-3-1-2-4(6)7/h5H,1-3H2,(H,6,7)
  InChIKey: SJZRECIVHVDYJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
• Cross-matching ID:
  PubChem CID: 10413
  ChEBI ID: CHEBI:30830
  CAS Number: 591-81-1
  TTD ID: D0EP8X
  VARIDT ID: DR00987

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Gamma-aminobutyric acid B receptor (GABBR)	TTDCVZW	GABR1_HUMAN ; GABR2_HUMAN	Modulator	[4]

Drug Transporter (DTP)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Sodium-coupled monocarboxylate transporter 2 (SLC5A12)	DTM301H	SC5AC_HUMAN	Substrate	[5]
Monocarboxylate transporter 1 (SLC16A1)	DT342ZG	MOT1_HUMAN	Substrate	[6]

Drug Off-Target (DOT)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Interaction	REF
Somatotropin (GH1)	OT92RTRD	SOMA_HUMAN	Protein Interaction/Cellular Processes	[7]
Succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial (ALDH5A1)	OTF3TBTK	SSDH_HUMAN	Regulation of Drug Effects	[8]

References

• [1] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 4711).
• [2] A review of tolerability and abuse liability of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid for insomnia in patients with schizophrenia. Clin Ther. 2009 Jun;31 Pt 1:1360-73.
• [3] Trend Analysis of a Database of Intravenous Pharmacokinetic Parameters in Humans for 1352 Drug Compounds
• [4] Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
• [5] Sodium-coupled monocarboxylate transporters in normal tissues and in cancer. AAPS J. 2008;10(1):193-9.
• [6] Flavonoids modulate monocarboxylate transporter-1-mediated transport of gamma-hydroxybutyrate in vitro and in vivo. Drug Metab Dispos. 2007 Feb;35(2):201-8.
• [7] Thyrotropin-releasing hormone-induced GH release after cocaine withdrawal in cocaine addicts. Neuropeptides. 1999 Dec;33(6):522-5. doi: 10.1054/npep.1999.0773.
• [8] Vigabatrin improves paroxysmal dystonia in succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency. Neurology. 2007 Apr 17;68(16):1320-1. doi: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000259537.54082.6d.