Details of the Drug-Related molecule(s) Interaction Atlas

General Information of Drug (ID: DMGBKVD)

Drug Name

Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid Drug Info

Synonyms

Anetamin; GHB; Hydroxyb; Oxybate; SHB; Somsanit; Xyrem; Gamma OH; Oxybate sodium; Utyric acid monosodium salt; EB 27; WY 3478; Gam-OH; Gamma-Hydroxy butyrate; Gamma-Hydroxy sodium butyrate; Gamma-Hydroxybutanoic acid; Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate sodium; Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid; Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid decomposition product; Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid monosodium salt; Gamma-OH; Xyrem (TN); Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid, sodium salt; Oxy-n-butyric acid; Sodium Oxybate (4-hydroxybutanoic acid); Sodium .gamma.-hydroxybutyrate; Sodium .gamma.-oxybutyrate; AA3E2AF0-AB7A-4A1E-A391-199C049D7162; Butanoic acid, 4-hydroxy-, monosodium salt; Butanoic acid, 4-hydroxy-, sodium salt; Butyric acid, 4-hydroxy-, monosodium salt; Butyric acid, 4-hydroxy-, sodium salt; 3-carboxypropoxy acid; 4 HB; 4-Hydroxy; 4-Hydroxyacid; 4-Hydroxyalkanoic acid; 4-Hydroxybutanoic acid; 4-Hydroxybuttersaeure; 4-Hydroxybutyrate sodium; 4-Hydroxybutyric acid; 4-Hydroxybutyric acid monosodium salt; 4-Hydroxycarboxylic acid; 4-OHB; 4-hydroxy-butyric acid

Indication

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Narcolepsy	7A20	Approved	[1]
Narcolepsy type 1	7A20.0	Approved	[2]

Therapeutic Class

Anesthetics

Cross-matching ID

PubChem CID: 10413
ChEBI ID: CHEBI:30830
CAS Number: CAS 591-81-1
TTD Drug ID: DMGBKVD
VARIDT Drug ID: DR00987

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas

Molecule Type:

DTT

DTP

DOT

Drug Status:

Approved Drug(s)

Clinical Trial Drug(s)

Investigative Drug(s)

Download the Complete Related Drug List

Drug(s) Targeting Gamma-aminobutyric acid B receptor (GABBR)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Gabapentin	DM6T924	Complex partial seizure	8A68.0	Approved	[8]
Baclofen	DM0QV1J	Multiple sclerosis	8A40	Approved	[9]
Progabide	DM671NG	Depression	6A70-6A7Z	Approved	[10]
Arbaclofen placarbil	DMO628K	Fragile X syndrome	LD55	Phase 3	[11]
[3H](R)-(-)-baclofen	DMLRHM5	Multiple sclerosis	8A40	Phase 3	[12]
Arabaclofen	DMZB9RI	Fragile X syndrome	LD55	Phase 3	[13]
GSK683699	DMTW79H	Inflammatory bowel disease	DD72	Phase 2	[14]
SGS742	DM5XYFH	Schizophrenia	6A20	Phase 2	[15]
SSTarbaclofen	DMRGTZ2	Autism spectrum disorder	6A02	Phase 2	[16]
ASP8062	DMR1MIV	Fibromyalgia	MG30.01	Phase 2	[17]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)

Drug(s) Transported By Monocarboxylate transporter 1 (SLC16A1)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Doxorubicin	DMVP5YE	Acute myelogenous leukaemia	2A41	Approved	[18]
Atorvastatin	DMF28YC	Acute coronary syndrome	BA41	Approved	[19]
Salicyclic acid	DM2F8XZ	Acne vulgaris	ED80	Approved	[19]
Pyruvic acid	DM7Q41G	Malnutrition	5B50-5B71	Approved	[20]
Gabapentin enacarbil	DMJY2TM	Postherpetic neuralgia	1E91.5	Phase 2	[21]
Pyroglutamic Acid	DMROZUA	Discovery agent	N.A.	Investigative	[22]
Butanoic Acid	DMTAJP7	Discovery agent	N.A.	Investigative	[21]
Hydroxyacetic Acid	DMQFBH6	Discovery agent	N.A.	Investigative	[23]
biotin	DMKMCE1	Discovery agent	N.A.	Investigative	[24]
Milchsaure	DM462BT	Pruritus	EC90	Investigative	[25]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)

Drug(s) Transported By Sodium-coupled monocarboxylate transporter 2 (SLC5A12)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Salicyclic acid	DM2F8XZ	Acne vulgaris	ED80	Approved	[4]
Benzoic Acid	DMKB9FI	Alopecia areata	ED70.2	Approved	[4]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Drug(s) Affected By Somatotropin (GH1)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Polyethylene glycol	DM4I1JP	Constipation	DD91.1	Approved	[26]
Clonidine	DM6RZ9Q	Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder	6A05.Z	Approved	[27]
Adenosine triphosphate	DM79F6G	Malnutrition	5B50-5B71	Approved	[28]
Cyproheptadine	DM92AH3	Allergic rhinitis	CA08.0	Approved	[29]
Valproate	DMCFE9I	Epilepsy	8A60-8A68	Approved	[30]
Sodium oxybate	DMBOV5P	Narcolepsy	7A20	Approved	[31]
Ethanol	DMDRQZU	Chronic pain	MG30	Approved	[26]
Connexyn	DMF29Q5	Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder	6A05.Z	Approved	[32]
Hydrocortisone	DMGEMB7	Acne vulgaris	ED80	Approved	[33]
Octreotide	DMHIDCJ	Acromegaly	5A60.0	Approved	[34]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)

Drug(s) Affected By Succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial (ALDH5A1)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Quercetin	DM3NC4M	Obesity	5B81	Approved	[35]
Tretinoin	DM49DUI	Acne vulgaris	ED80	Approved	[36]
Acetic Acid, Glacial	DM4SJ5Y	infection in the ear canal	AA0Y	Approved	[37]
Leflunomide	DMR8ONJ	Arthritis	FA20	Approved	[38]
Ciclosporin	DMAZJFX	Graft-versus-host disease	4B24	Approved	[39]
Valproate	DMCFE9I	Epilepsy	8A60-8A68	Approved	[40]
Motexafin gadolinium	DMEJKRF	Brain cancer	2A00	Approved	[37]
Bortezomib	DMNO38U	Leukemia		Approved	[41]
Cupric Sulfate	DMP0NFQ	Fungal infection	1F29-1F2F	Approved	[42]
Cisplatin	DMRHGI9	Adenocarcinoma	2D40	Approved	[43]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Molecular Interaction Atlas

Download the Complete Interaction Atlas for Visualization in Cytoscape

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Gamma-aminobutyric acid B receptor (GABBR)	TTDCVZW	GABR1_HUMAN; GABR2_HUMAN	Modulator	[3]

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Drug Transporter (DTP)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Sodium-coupled monocarboxylate transporter 2 (SLC5A12)	DTM301H	SC5AC_HUMAN	Substrate	[4]
Monocarboxylate transporter 1 (SLC16A1)	DT342ZG	MOT1_HUMAN	Substrate	[5]

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Drug Off-Target (DOT)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Interaction	REF
Somatotropin (GH1)	OT92RTRD	SOMA_HUMAN	Protein Interaction/Cellular Processes	[6]
Succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial (ALDH5A1)	OTF3TBTK	SSDH_HUMAN	Regulation of Drug Effects	[7]

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

References

1	URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 4711).
2	A review of tolerability and abuse liability of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid for insomnia in patients with schizophrenia. Clin Ther. 2009 Jun;31 Pt 1:1360-73.
3	Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
4	Sodium-coupled monocarboxylate transporters in normal tissues and in cancer. AAPS J. 2008;10(1):193-9.
5	Flavonoids modulate monocarboxylate transporter-1-mediated transport of gamma-hydroxybutyrate in vitro and in vivo. Drug Metab Dispos. 2007 Feb;35(2):201-8.
6	Thyrotropin-releasing hormone-induced GH release after cocaine withdrawal in cocaine addicts. Neuropeptides. 1999 Dec;33(6):522-5. doi: 10.1054/npep.1999.0773.
7	Vigabatrin improves paroxysmal dystonia in succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency. Neurology. 2007 Apr 17;68(16):1320-1. doi: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000259537.54082.6d.
8	Gabapentin increases a tonic inhibitory conductance in hippocampal pyramidal neurons. Anesthesiology. 2006 Aug;105(2):325-33.
9	Synthesis and pharmacology of the baclofen homologues 5-amino-4-(4-chlorophenyl)pentanoic acid and the R- and S-enantiomers of 5-amino-3-(4-chlorop... J Med Chem. 1999 Jun 3;42(11):2053-9.
10	Interactions between dopamine and GABA in the control of ambulatory activity and neophobia in the mouse. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1998 Jan;59(1):239-47.
11	Arbaclofen placarbil, a novel R-baclofen prodrug: improved absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination properties compared with R-baclofen.J Pharmacol Exp Ther.2009 Sep;330(3):911-21.
12	URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Target id: 242).
13	Impact of acamprosate on behavior and brain-derived neurotrophic factor: an open-label study in youth with fragile X syndrome. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2013 Jul;228(1):75-84.
14	3-Thienyl- and 3-furylaminobutyric acids. Synthesis and binding GABAB receptor studies. J Med Chem. 1991 Aug;34(8):2557-60.
15	SGS742: the first GABA(B) receptor antagonist in clinical trials. Biochem Pharmacol. 2004 Oct 15;68(8):1479-87.
16	Reversal of disease-related pathologies in the fragile X mouse model by selective activation of GABAB receptors with arbaclofen. Sci Transl Med. 2012 Sep 19;4(152):152ra128.
17	Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA)
18	Circadian rhythms in gene expression: Relationship to physiology, disease, drug disposition and drug action. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2010 Jul 31;62(9-10):904-17.
19	H+-coupled nutrient, micronutrient and drug transporters in the mammalian small intestine. Exp Physiol. 2007 Jul;92(4):603-19.
20	AR-C155858 is a potent inhibitor of monocarboxylate transporters MCT1 and MCT2 that binds to an intracellular site involving transmembrane helices 7-10. Biochem J. 2010 Jan 15;425(3):523-30.
21	Overview of the proton-coupled MCT (SLC16A) family of transporters: characterization, function and role in the transport of the drug of abuse gamma-hydroxybutyric acid. AAPS J. 2008 Jun;10(2):311-21.
22	Interaction of atorvastatin with the human glial transporter SLC16A1. Eur J Pharmacol. 2016 Oct 5;788:248-254.
23	Cidofovir peptide conjugates as prodrugs. Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, 2005, 690(10):2673-2678.
24	Biotin. Biofactors. 2009 Jan-Feb;35(1):36-46.
25	Distribution of monocarboxylate transporters MCT1-MCT8 in rat tissues and human skeletal muscle. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2006 Feb;31(1):31-9.
26	Metal-catalyzed oxidation of human growth hormone: modulation by solvent-induced changes of protein conformation. J Pharm Sci. 2001 Jan;90(1):58-69. doi: 10.1002/1520-6017(200101)90:1<58::aid-jps7>3.0.co;2-w.
27	Assessment of MK-912, an alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist, with use of intravenous clonidine. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1989 Jul;46(1):103-9. doi: 10.1038/clpt.1989.113.
28	Phosphatidylinositol 4-OH kinase is a downstream target of neuronal calcium sensor-1 in enhancing exocytosis in neuroendocrine cells. J Biol Chem. 2003 Feb 21;278(8):6075-84. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M204702200. Epub 2002 Dec 5.
29	[Toxicity of cyproheptadine. Side effects and accidental overdosage (author's transl)]. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd (1902). 1978 Mar;126(3):123-6.
30	Integrative omics data analyses of repeated dose toxicity of valproic acid in vitro reveal new mechanisms of steatosis induction. Toxicology. 2018 Jan 15;393:160-170.
31	Failure of gammahydroxy butyric acid to stimulate growth hormone secretion in cocaine addicts. Neuropeptides. 1997 Oct;31(5):459-62. doi: 10.1016/s0143-4179(97)90040-8.
32	Effect of centrally acting alpha-adrenergic agonists on sympathetic nervous system function in humans. Hypertension. 1984 Sep-Oct;6(5 Pt 2):II57-62. doi: 10.1161/01.hyp.6.5_pt_2.ii57.
33	Effects of cortisol and cocaine on plasma prolactin and growth hormone levels in cocaine-dependent volunteers. Addict Behav. 2005 May;30(4):859-64. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2004.08.019.
34	Effect of a somatostatin analogue, octreotide, on renal haemodynamics and albuminuria in acromegalic patients. Eur J Clin Invest. 1992 Jul;22(7):494-502. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.1992.tb01496.x.
35	Comparison of phenotypic and transcriptomic effects of false-positive genotoxins, true genotoxins and non-genotoxins using HepG2 cells. Mutagenesis. 2011 Sep;26(5):593-604.
36	Transcriptional and Metabolic Dissection of ATRA-Induced Granulocytic Differentiation in NB4 Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Cells. Cells. 2020 Nov 5;9(11):2423. doi: 10.3390/cells9112423.
37	Motexafin gadolinium and zinc induce oxidative stress responses and apoptosis in B-cell lymphoma lines. Cancer Res. 2005 Dec 15;65(24):11676-88.
38	Endoplasmic reticulum stress and MAPK signaling pathway activation underlie leflunomide-induced toxicity in HepG2 Cells. Toxicology. 2017 Dec 1;392:11-21.
39	Comparison of HepG2 and HepaRG by whole-genome gene expression analysis for the purpose of chemical hazard identification. Toxicol Sci. 2010 May;115(1):66-79.
40	A transcriptome-based classifier to identify developmental toxicants by stem cell testing: design, validation and optimization for histone deacetylase inhibitors. Arch Toxicol. 2015 Sep;89(9):1599-618.
41	The proapoptotic effect of zoledronic acid is independent of either the bone microenvironment or the intrinsic resistance to bortezomib of myeloma cells and is enhanced by the combination with arsenic trioxide. Exp Hematol. 2011 Jan;39(1):55-65.
42	Physiological and toxicological transcriptome changes in HepG2 cells exposed to copper. Physiol Genomics. 2009 Aug 7;38(3):386-401.
43	Activation of AIFM2 enhances apoptosis of human lung cancer cells undergoing toxicological stress. Toxicol Lett. 2016 Sep 6;258:227-236.