Details of Disease

General Information of Disease (ID: DISLCNLI)

Disease Name Narcolepsy
Synonyms narcolepsy, without cataplexy; narcolepsy with or without cataplexy; paroxysmal sleep
Disease Class 7A20: Narcolepsy
Definition
A sleep disorder characterized by a tendency for excessive sleepiness during the day which occurs even after adequate sleep in the nighttime. The persons who suffer from this condition experience fatigue and may fall asleep at inappropriate times during the day.
Disease Hierarchy
DISOBM0Q: Sleep-wake disorder
DISLCNLI: Narcolepsy
ICD Code
ICD-11
ICD-11: 7A20
ICD-10
ICD-10: G47.4
Expand ICD-9
338347
Disease Identifiers
MONDO ID
MONDO_0021107
MESH ID
D009290
UMLS CUI
C0027404
MedGen ID
45001
HPO ID
HP:0030050
Orphanet ID
619284
SNOMED CT ID
60380001

Drug-Interaction Atlas (DIA) of This Disease

Drug-Interaction Atlas (DIA)
This Disease is Treated as An Indication in 8 Approved Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Drug Type REF
Amphetamine DMSZQAK Approved Small molecular drug [1]
Armodafinil DMGB035 Approved Small molecular drug [2]
Dextroamphetamine DMMIHVP Approved Small molecular drug [3]
Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid DMGBKVD Approved Small molecular drug [4]
Methylphenidate DM7SJD6 Approved Small molecular drug [5]
Modafinil DMYILBE Approved Small molecular drug [3]
Sodium oxybate DMBOV5P Approved Small molecule [6]
Solriamfetol DMCG4JG Approved NA [7]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
⏷ Show the Full List of 8 Drug(s)
This Disease is Treated as An Indication in 3 Clinical Trial Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Drug Type REF
BTD-001 DMS6ZA0 Phase 2 NA [8]
JNJ-17216498 DM1GRCU Phase 2 NA [9]
TAK-925 DM7N4H9 Phase 1 Small molecule [10]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This Disease is Treated as An Indication in 2 Investigative Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Drug Type REF
JNJ-5207852 DM5L23N Investigative Small molecular drug [11]
JZAD-IV-22 DM1O7QZ Investigative NA [12]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This Disease

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)
This Disease Is Related to 57 DTT Molecule(s)
Gene Name DTT ID Evidence Level Mode of Inheritance REF
COMT TTKWFB8 Limited Altered Expression [13]
CTSH TT3G406 Limited Altered Expression [14]
TNFSF4 TTBW580 Limited SusceptibilityMutation [15]
ABCC9 TTEF5MJ moderate Biomarker [16]
HDC TTV9GOF moderate Biomarker [17]
AGTR1 TT8DBY3 Strong Genetic Variation [18]
ANTXR2 TTOD34I Strong Genetic Variation [18]
ATXN3 TT6A17J Strong Biomarker [19]
CCR3 TTD3XFU Strong Genetic Variation [20]
CDK8 TTBJR4L Strong Genetic Variation [18]
CPT1B TTDL0NY Strong Biomarker [21]
DHODH TTLVP78 Strong Genetic Variation [18]
DNMT1 TT6S2FE Strong Biomarker [22]
DPYD TTZPS91 Strong Genetic Variation [18]
EDNRA TTKRD0G Strong Genetic Variation [18]
EPHB1 TT8MDAC Strong Genetic Variation [18]
FGF10 TTNPEFX Strong Genetic Variation [18]
FHIT TTMS54D Strong Genetic Variation [18]
GNAO1 TTAXD8Z Strong Biomarker [23]
GRM5 TTHS256 Strong Genetic Variation [18]
GRM8 TT0IFKL Strong Genetic Variation [18]
HDAC9 TT8M4E1 Strong Genetic Variation [18]
HLA-DQA1 TTU2I3J Strong Biomarker [24]
HLA-DQB2 TTL7VOU Strong Biomarker [23]
HRH3 TT9JNIC Strong Biomarker [25]
ITCH TT5SEWD Strong Genetic Variation [18]
MAP3K7 TTJQT60 Strong Biomarker [26]
MOG TTQAFX5 Strong Genetic Variation [27]
NPFFR2 TTXYNDJ Strong Genetic Variation [18]
P2RX1 TTJW7B3 Strong Genetic Variation [28]
P2RX3 TT2THBD Strong Genetic Variation [28]
P2RX4 TT1NLOA Strong Genetic Variation [28]
P2RX7 TT473XN Strong Genetic Variation [28]
P2RY1 TTA93TL Strong Genetic Variation [28]
P2RY11 TTYXPCO Strong Genetic Variation [29]
P2RY2 TTOZHQC Strong Genetic Variation [28]
SERPING1 TTVQ6R9 Strong Genetic Variation [18]
SLC18A2 TTNZRI3 Strong Genetic Variation [18]
TAAR1 TTIU98M Strong Biomarker [30]
TAP1 TT7JZI8 Strong Genetic Variation [18]
TBL1XR1 TTYXT16 Strong Genetic Variation [18]
TF TT8WXAV Strong Genetic Variation [18]
TIAM1 TTNU6I5 Strong Genetic Variation [18]
VDR TTK59TV Strong Genetic Variation [18]
ASIC2 TTVMWLP Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
DPP10 TTOVUPC Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
FOLR1 TTVC37M Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
GABRG3 TTEX6LM Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
NOTCH4 TTXDIK2 Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
NOX4 TTQRBSJ Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
PDE4B TTVIAT9 Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
PDE7B TTWIEY9 Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
PPARA TTJ584C Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
PRCP TTTJZ4M Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
PSMB9 TTOUSTQ Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
SERPINB5 TT1KW50 Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
TRH TT2Z39D Definitive Biomarker [31]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
⏷ Show the Full List of 57 DTT(s)
This Disease Is Related to 3 DTP Molecule(s)
Gene Name DTP ID Evidence Level Mode of Inheritance REF
CACNG2 DTRL7OG Strong Genetic Variation [18]
SLC14A2 DT8QC7K Strong Genetic Variation [18]
SLC28A3 DT4YL5R Strong Genetic Variation [18]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This Disease Is Related to 4 DME Molecule(s)
Gene Name DME ID Evidence Level Mode of Inheritance REF
CHKB DEHWR6V moderate Genetic Variation [32]
BLMH DECH1VP Strong Genetic Variation [18]
DDAH1 DEY0TQC Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
FXN DEXVHDB Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This Disease Is Related to 146 DOT Molecule(s)
Gene Name DOT ID Evidence Level Mode of Inheritance REF
EIF3G OT5L1SRY Limited Genetic Variation [33]
FAM3D OTM3GWFP moderate Genetic Variation [34]
FBXO15 OTJHEFE5 moderate Genetic Variation [16]
HLA-DRB4 OTNXIHQU moderate Genetic Variation [35]
IFNA17 OTHXRYG3 moderate Genetic Variation [36]
PDYN OTEJ6430 moderate Genetic Variation [37]
PTPRD OTZPJ3GX moderate Genetic Variation [38]
QRFP OTX5FZDJ moderate Biomarker [39]
RANGAP1 OTZGD3LJ moderate Biomarker [40]
ACSS1 OT6C1WQD Strong Genetic Variation [18]
AGBL1 OT8NQLH0 Strong Genetic Variation [18]
AKAP6 OTN59BZS Strong Genetic Variation [18]
ALKBH8 OTXN70DV Strong Genetic Variation [18]
ANO3 OTM34U6Q Strong Genetic Variation [18]
ATF6 OTAFHAVI Strong Genetic Variation [18]
ATG5 OT4T5SMS Strong Genetic Variation [18]
BARX2 OT0R3QD3 Strong Genetic Variation [18]
BCR OTCN76C1 Strong Genetic Variation [18]
C8orf34 OTXCTHDG Strong Genetic Variation [18]
CATSPER4 OTXJ4E8J Strong Genetic Variation [18]
CCDC68 OT4KF6TL Strong Genetic Variation [18]
CCS OTXHT3QO Strong Genetic Variation [41]
CD200R1 OT65Q9M6 Strong Genetic Variation [42]
CENPC OTVJ6VE9 Strong Genetic Variation [18]
CEP112 OT90U05G Strong Genetic Variation [18]
CILP OTKEY2NJ Strong Genetic Variation [18]
COL14A1 OTLNJ13O Strong Genetic Variation [18]
COLGALT1 OTVG0P58 Strong Genetic Variation [18]
CSMD3 OTAT75SW Strong Genetic Variation [18]
CTNNA2 OTJ8G92T Strong Genetic Variation [18]
CTNND2 OTYKE30Y Strong Genetic Variation [18]
CYB5B OTONNAV1 Strong Genetic Variation [18]
DAP3 OTNPEZYM Strong Genetic Variation [18]
DCDC2C OTK5F95W Strong Genetic Variation [18]
DCHS1 OTW3GX62 Strong Genetic Variation [18]
DENND3 OTOQJ25X Strong Genetic Variation [18]
DLGAP1 OTF2PUUI Strong Genetic Variation [18]
DNAH8 OTGES2OU Strong Genetic Variation [18]
DPP6 OTWW3H0K Strong Genetic Variation [18]
EGFLAM OTACZZJ0 Strong Genetic Variation [18]
ELMO1 OTY2ORXK Strong Genetic Variation [18]
EPM2A OTJU4IAG Strong Genetic Variation [18]
ERI1 OTC8MPTZ Strong Genetic Variation [18]
FAM171A1 OT33BHEP Strong Genetic Variation [18]
FHOD3 OT1WUBQX Strong Genetic Variation [18]
FOXP2 OTVX6A59 Strong Genetic Variation [18]
FREM2 OTEK6BZR Strong Genetic Variation [18]
FRMPD2 OT8OM5MA Strong Genetic Variation [18]
FRY OT74IAG2 Strong Genetic Variation [18]
GALNT14 OT9BSDDQ Strong Genetic Variation [18]
GLIS3 OTBC960E Strong Genetic Variation [18]
GPC5 OT8NR7GC Strong Genetic Variation [18]
GRID1 OTJ3WIKC Strong Genetic Variation [18]
H2AC6 OTF3YK7V Strong Genetic Variation [43]
HINT3 OTJGDLB6 Strong Genetic Variation [18]
HLA-DOB OTKADDUB Strong Genetic Variation [18]
HLA-DPB1 OTW8JHU2 Strong Genetic Variation [44]
HLA-DRA OT7KZMP2 Strong Genetic Variation [18]
HLA-F OT76CM19 Strong Genetic Variation [18]
JAKMIP2 OT2H3MRD Strong Genetic Variation [18]
KALRN OT8WRCBH Strong Genetic Variation [18]
KLF12 OTVH4KD4 Strong Genetic Variation [18]
MAGI1 OTMV4ASV Strong Genetic Variation [18]
MDGA2 OTIJ0T5J Strong Genetic Variation [18]
MICAL2 OT04OQQJ Strong Genetic Variation [18]
MRAS OTNCVCQW Strong Genetic Variation [18]
MRPL24 OTEIQZ5G Strong Genetic Variation [18]
MX2 OT05NF37 Strong Genetic Variation [45]
NAA50 OTFJ8S47 Strong Biomarker [46]
NDST3 OT8TWYOG Strong Genetic Variation [18]
NFATC2 OTK5T6HZ Strong Genetic Variation [16]
NKAIN2 OTI4H30Z Strong Genetic Variation [18]
NOL4 OTWI587R Strong Genetic Variation [18]
NRXN1 OTJN1JQA Strong Biomarker [26]
NT5DC1 OTNI9MFH Strong Genetic Variation [18]
NUP37 OTPZH72U Strong Genetic Variation [18]
NXPH1 OTGKX860 Strong Genetic Variation [18]
P2RX2 OT0LF34A Strong Genetic Variation [28]
P2RX5 OTLBR20R Strong Genetic Variation [28]
P2RX6 OT1FNTXA Strong Genetic Variation [28]
PALLD OTZ2MUJZ Strong Genetic Variation [18]
PIK3AP1 OTMW1B47 Strong Genetic Variation [18]
PIK3IP1 OTWE5G4T Strong Genetic Variation [18]
PLB1 OTZ6TTYV Strong Genetic Variation [18]
POLI OTBA4DCE Strong Genetic Variation [18]
PPAN OT0UFQBZ Strong Altered Expression [29]
PSG5 OTHTU98X Strong Biomarker [47]
PYROXD2 OTJIX22S Strong Genetic Variation [18]
RAD50 OTYMU9G1 Strong Genetic Variation [18]
REM1 OTUXL0HC Strong Biomarker [48]
RIT2 OTSNYG0D Strong Genetic Variation [18]
RNGTT OT59E0KX Strong Genetic Variation [18]
RYR2 OT0PF19E Strong Genetic Variation [18]
SDK1 OTX26906 Strong Genetic Variation [18]
SERAC1 OTWH1ULQ Strong Genetic Variation [18]
SFRP1 OT0U9G41 Strong Genetic Variation [18]
SHKBP1 OTJXWLEH Strong Genetic Variation [18]
SNX29 OTYMXH13 Strong Genetic Variation [18]
STIM1 OT8CLQ1W Strong Genetic Variation [18]
SUN5 OTUVKA6R Strong Genetic Variation [18]
TAP2 OTWSYFI7 Strong Genetic Variation [18]
TCERG1 OTH1LCGH Strong Genetic Variation [18]
TJP1 OTBDCUPK Strong Genetic Variation [18]
TMEM108 OTE69DUG Strong Genetic Variation [18]
TMEM132B OTDSGT9O Strong Genetic Variation [18]
TOGARAM2 OT197C7T Strong Genetic Variation [18]
TRIB2 OTHSX3MX Strong Biomarker [49]
TRIM9 OTKYG33W Strong Genetic Variation [18]
TSBP1 OT5GE8IO Strong Genetic Variation [50]
ADAMTSL3 OTMC2WFG Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
AK5 OTTGXLOT Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
ASTN1 OT23FQIB Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
ATP2B2 OT1NPZ9T Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
BBS9 OT23V9YF Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
BTNL2 OTTTEMZA Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
CA10 OTC3N1F6 Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
CDKAL1 OTA0SGNE Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
DYNC2LI1 OT1X5YGJ Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
FSTL5 OT18C29S Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
HLA-DQA2 OT1DH0N9 Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
HS6ST3 OTTW9PDL Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
ITGA3 OTBCH21D Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
JPH1 OTCAILYU Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
KCNE4 OTNYW0OL Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
LRRC4C OT5QI5EP Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
LRRN1 OT6MMO6L Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
LYRM4 OTK6JCKL Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
MCC OTQVI1EM Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
MMP26 OT9O89KU Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
MTUS2 OTDBDH2L Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
NFRKB OT9AV8B1 Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
OXR1 OTPIDMT3 Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
PENK OT8P3HMP Definitive Biomarker [51]
PHF20 OTCBVH5P Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
PSMA5 OT38E6Y1 Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
RBFOX1 OTFPKEL7 Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
RBMS3 OTFSC9MR Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
SHC4 OTQ0H76H Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
SOCS2 OTBPNKJQ Definitive Biomarker [51]
SRGAP2 OTUWFMCQ Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
SUMF1 OTALXO2A Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
SWAP70 OTPHT2QD Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
TAC1 OTM842YW Definitive Biomarker [51]
TANC2 OTDXY7PX Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
TENM2 OTPLUYEF Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
TMEM131L OT7MO7XU Definitive Genetic Variation [18]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
⏷ Show the Full List of 146 DOT(s)

References

1 Amphetamine FDA Label
2 Armodafinil FDA Label
3 Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
4 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 4711).
5 Methylphenidate FDA Label
6 FDA Approved Drug Products from FDA Official Website.
7 Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA)
8 Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA)
9 ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00424931) A Safety and Effectiveness Study of a Single Dose of JNJ-17216498 in Patients With Narcolepsy. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
10 ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03748979) A 3-Part, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multiple Rising Dose Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of TAK-925 in Healthy Volunteers and Patients With Narcolepsy. U.S.National Institutes of Health.
11 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 1256).
12 The ChEMBL database in 2017. Nucleic Acids Res. 2017 Jan 4;45(D1):D945-D954.
13 Catechol-O-methyltransferase, dopamine, and sleep-wake regulation.Sleep Med Rev. 2015 Aug;22:47-53. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2014.10.006. Epub 2014 Oct 27.
14 Integration of disease association and eQTL data using a Bayesian colocalisation approach highlights six candidate causal genes in immune-mediated diseases.Hum Mol Genet. 2015 Jun 15;24(12):3305-13. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddv077. Epub 2015 Mar 5.
15 ImmunoChip study implicates antigen presentation to T cells in narcolepsy.PLoS Genet. 2013;9(2):e1003270. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003270. Epub 2013 Feb 14.
16 Using the Coriell Personalized Medicine Collaborative Data to conduct a genome-wide association study of sleep duration.Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 2015 Dec;168(8):697-705. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32362. Epub 2015 Sep 3.
17 Greatly increased numbers of histamine cells in human narcolepsy with cataplexy.Ann Neurol. 2013 Dec;74(6):786-93. doi: 10.1002/ana.23968. Epub 2013 Sep 10.
18 Genome-wide association database developed in the Japanese Integrated Database Project.J Hum Genet. 2009 Sep;54(9):543-6. doi: 10.1038/jhg.2009.68. Epub 2009 Jul 24.
19 Rewiring brain circuits to block cataplexy in murine models of narcolepsy.Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2017 Jun;44:110-115. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2017.03.017. Epub 2017 Apr 23.
20 Epigenome-wide association study of DNA methylation in narcolepsy: an integrated genetic and epigenetic approach.Sleep. 2018 Apr 1;41(4). doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsy019.
21 Evaluation of polygenic risks for narcolepsy and essential hypersomnia.J Hum Genet. 2016 Oct;61(10):873-878. doi: 10.1038/jhg.2016.65. Epub 2016 Jun 16.
22 EIF3G is associated with narcolepsy across ethnicities.Eur J Hum Genet. 2015 Nov;23(11):1573-80. doi: 10.1038/ejhg.2015.4. Epub 2015 Feb 11.
23 HLA-DQB1*06:02 allele frequency and clinic-polysomnographic features in Saudi Arabian patients with narcolepsy.Sleep Breath. 2019 Mar;23(1):303-309. doi: 10.1007/s11325-018-1717-4. Epub 2018 Sep 5.
24 Epidemiology and Pathophysiology of Childhood Narcolepsy.Paediatr Respir Rev. 2018 Jan;25:14-18. doi: 10.1016/j.prrv.2016.12.005. Epub 2016 Dec 21.
25 The cost utility of pitolisant as narcolepsy treatment.Acta Neurol Scand. 2020 Apr;141(4):301-310. doi: 10.1111/ane.13202. Epub 2020 Jan 16.
26 Whole-Proteome Peptide Microarrays for Profiling Autoantibody Repertoires within Multiple Sclerosis and Narcolepsy.J Proteome Res. 2017 Mar 3;16(3):1300-1314. doi: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00916. Epub 2017 Feb 9.
27 HLA DQB1*06:02 negative narcolepsy with hypocretin/orexin deficiency.Sleep. 2014 Oct 1;37(10):1601-8. doi: 10.5665/sleep.4066.
28 Genetic association, seasonal infections and autoimmune basis of narcolepsy.J Autoimmun. 2013 Jun;43:26-31. doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2013.02.003. Epub 2013 Mar 13.
29 Altered surface expression of P2Y11 receptor with narcolepsy-associated mutations.Pharmacol Rep. 2019 Oct;71(5):926-928. doi: 10.1016/j.pharep.2019.05.005. Epub 2019 May 14.
30 Trace amine-associated receptor 1 agonism promotes wakefulness without impairment of cognition in Cynomolgus macaques.Neuropsychopharmacology. 2019 Jul;44(8):1485-1493. doi: 10.1038/s41386-019-0386-8. Epub 2019 Apr 6.
31 Inhibition of the binding and the behavioral effects of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) by the triazolobenzodiazepines.Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1988 May;30(1):73-5. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(88)90426-1.
32 Identification of the variations in the CPT1B and CHKB genes along with the HLA-DQB1*06:02 allele in Turkish narcolepsy patients and healthy persons.Genet Test Mol Biomarkers. 2014 Apr;18(4):261-8. doi: 10.1089/gtmb.2013.0391. Epub 2014 Feb 26.
33 Rare missense mutations in P2RY11 in narcolepsy with cataplexy.Brain. 2017 Jun 1;140(6):1657-1668. doi: 10.1093/brain/awx093.
34 An approach based on a genome-wide association study reveals candidate loci for narcolepsy.Hum Genet. 2010 Oct;128(4):433-41. doi: 10.1007/s00439-010-0862-z. Epub 2010 Jul 31.
35 HLA-DQA, -DQB and -DRB allele contribution to narcolepsy susceptibility.Eur J Immunogenet. 1997 Dec;24(6):409-21. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2370.1997.d01-115.x.
36 A rare form of narcolepsy (HLA-DR2-) shows possible association with (functionally relevant) alpha-interferon gene polymorphisms.Psychiatr Genet. 2004 Mar;14(1):47-51. doi: 10.1097/00041444-200403000-00008.
37 Aberrant signature methylome by DNMT1 hot spot mutation in hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy 1E.Epigenetics. 2014 Aug;9(8):1184-93. doi: 10.4161/epi.29676. Epub 2014 Jul 7.
38 Genome-wide association studies of sleep disorders.Chest. 2011 Feb;139(2):446-452. doi: 10.1378/chest.10-1313.
39 Molecular codes and in vitro generation of hypocretin and melanin concentrating hormone neurons.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 Aug 20;116(34):17061-17070. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1902148116. Epub 2019 Aug 2.
40 No male segregation distortion of DR2 haplotypes in Japanese narcoleptic patients.Hum Immunol. 1988 Sep;23(1):23-6. doi: 10.1016/0198-8859(88)90014-6.
41 High Rates of Psychiatric Comorbidity in Narcolepsy: Findings From the Burden of Narcolepsy Disease (BOND) Study of 9,312 Patients in the United States.J Clin Psychiatry. 2017 Feb;78(2):171-176. doi: 10.4088/JCP.15m10262.
42 Variants of the orexin2/hcrt2 receptor gene identified in patients with excessive daytime sleepiness and patients with Tourette's syndrome comorbidity.Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 2004 Aug 15;129B(1):69-75. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30047.
43 A polymorphism in CCR1/CCR3 is associated with narcolepsy.Brain Behav Immun. 2015 Oct;49:148-55. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2015.05.003. Epub 2015 May 15.
44 Narcolepsy-Associated HLA Class I Alleles Implicate Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity.Sleep. 2016 Mar 1;39(3):581-7. doi: 10.5665/sleep.5532.
45 MX2 gene expression tends to be downregulated in subjects with HLA-DQB1*0602.Sleep. 2008 May;31(5):749-51. doi: 10.1093/sleep/31.5.749.
46 Narcolepsy is a common phenotype in HSAN IE and ADCA-DN.Brain. 2014 Jun;137(Pt 6):1643-55. doi: 10.1093/brain/awu069. Epub 2014 Apr 10.
47 Prevalence, risk factors, and response to treatment for hypersomnia of central origin in survivors of childhood brain tumors.J Neurooncol. 2018 Jan;136(2):379-384. doi: 10.1007/s11060-017-2662-y. Epub 2017 Nov 8.
48 Nocturnal REM Sleep Without Atonia Is a Diagnostic Biomarker of Pediatric Narcolepsy.J Clin Sleep Med. 2018 Feb 15;14(2):245-252. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.6944.
49 A/H1N1 antibodies and TRIB2 autoantibodies in narcolepsy patients diagnosed in conjunction with the Pandemrix vaccination campaign in Sweden 2009-2010.J Autoimmun. 2014 May;50:99-106. doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2014.01.031. Epub 2014 Jan 29.
50 Genome-wide association study identifies new HLA class II haplotypes strongly protective against narcolepsy.Nat Genet. 2010 Sep;42(9):786-9. doi: 10.1038/ng.647. Epub 2010 Aug 15.
51 Reduced expression of TAC1, PENK and SOCS2 in Hcrtr-2 mutated narcoleptic dog brain.BMC Neurosci. 2007 May 23;8:34. doi: 10.1186/1471-2202-8-34.