General Information of Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT) (ID: TTZ97H5)

DTT Name Phosphodiesterase 4A (PDE4A)
Synonyms cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4A; Type 4A cAMP phosphodiesterase; PDE46; DPDE2
Gene Name PDE4A
DTT Type
Successful target
[1]
BioChemical Class
Phosphoric diester hydrolase
UniProt ID
PDE4A_HUMAN
TTD ID
T61744
3D Structure
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2D Sequence (FASTA)
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3D Structure (PDB)
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EC Number
EC 3.1.4.53
Sequence
MEPPTVPSERSLSLSLPGPREGQATLKPPPQHLWRQPRTPIRIQQRGYSDSAERAERERQ
PHRPIERADAMDTSDRPGLRTTRMSWPSSFHGTGTGSGGAGGGSSRRFEAENGPTPSPGR
SPLDSQASPGLVLHAGAATSQRRESFLYRSDSDYDMSPKTMSRNSSVTSEAHAEDLIVTP
FAQVLASLRSVRSNFSLLTNVPVPSNKRSPLGGPTPVCKATLSEETCQQLARETLEELDW
CLEQLETMQTYRSVSEMASHKFKRMLNRELTHLSEMSRSGNQVSEYISTTFLDKQNEVEI
PSPTMKEREKQQAPRPRPSQPPPPPVPHLQPMSQITGLKKLMHSNSLNNSNIPRFGVKTD
QEELLAQELENLNKWGLNIFCVSDYAGGRSLTCIMYMIFQERDLLKKFRIPVDTMVTYML
TLEDHYHADVAYHNSLHAADVLQSTHVLLATPALDAVFTDLEILAALFAAAIHDVDHPGV
SNQFLINTNSELALMYNDESVLENHHLAVGFKLLQEDNCDIFQNLSKRQRQSLRKMVIDM
VLATDMSKHMTLLADLKTMVETKKVTSSGVLLLDNYSDRIQVLRNMVHCADLSNPTKPLE
LYRQWTDRIMAEFFQQGDRERERGMEISPMCDKHTASVEKSQVGFIDYIVHPLWETWADL
VHPDAQEILDTLEDNRDWYYSAIRQSPSPPPEEESRGPGHPPLPDKFQFELTLEEEEEEE
ISMAQIPCTAQEALTAQGLSGVEEALDATIAWEASPAQESLEVMAQEASLEAELEAVYLT
QQAQSTGSAPVAPDEFSSREEFVVAVSHSSPSALALQSPLLPAWRTLSVSEHAPGLPGLP
STAAEVEAQREHQAAKRACSACAGTFGEDTSALPAPGGGGSGGDPT
Function Hydrolyzes the second messenger cAMP, which is a key regulator of many important physiological processes.
KEGG Pathway
Purine metabolism (hsa00230 )
cAMP signaling pathway (hsa04024 )
Morphine addiction (hsa05032 )
Reactome Pathway
G alpha (s) signalling events (R-HSA-418555 )
DARPP-32 events (R-HSA-180024 )

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This DTT

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) Jump to Detail Molecular Interaction Atlas of This DTT
2 Approved Drug(s) Targeting This DTT
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Dyphylline DM8DZC1 Acute bronchial asthma CA23 Approved [1]
Enprofylline DMFYZKN Asthma CA23 Approved [2]
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20 Clinical Trial Drug(s) Targeting This DTT
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
DENBUFYLLINE DM2R15Q Cognitive impairment 6D71 Phase 3 [3]
SOTB07 DMIG4OX Asthma CA23 Phase 3 [4]
AN-2898 DMDK7CL Atopic dermatitis EA80 Phase 2 [5]
AWD-12-281 DMVADGZ Rhinitis FA20 Phase 2 [6]
CC-1088 DMQ874W Crohn disease DD70 Phase 2 [7]
GPD-1116 DMOQ7YI Asthma CA23 Phase 2 [8]
HT-0712 DM2WP8F Cognitive impairment 6D71 Phase 2 [4]
LIRIMILAST DMD4KAU Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Phase 2 [9]
MK-0873 DM0568C Psoriasis vulgaris EA90 Phase 2 [10]
Oglemilast DMVC90W Asthma CA23 Phase 2 [9]
OX-914 DM5Q9RY Asthma CA23 Phase 2 [11]
Piclamilast DMYL7VR Rheumatoid arthritis FA20 Phase 2 [12]
Revamilast DM1FS2W Asthma CA23 Phase 2 [13]
TA-7906 DMZTAJL Atopic dermatitis EA80 Phase 2 [14]
TOFIMILAST DMLCUAS Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Phase 2 [15]
Tofisopam DMTGNWU Hyperuricaemia 5C55.Y Phase 2 [16]
AVE-8112 DMZNTHJ Parkinson disease 8A00.0 Phase 1 [17]
GSK-356278 DMIEAMU Huntington disease 8A01.10 Phase 1 [18]
MEM-1414 DMA1KQV Mood disorder 6A60-6E23 Phase 1 [19]
Ronomilast DM82KWY Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Phase 1 [20]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 20 Clinical Trial Drug(s)
16 Discontinued Drug(s) Targeting This DTT
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Cilomilast DMHSM7I Bronchitis CA20 Discontinued in Phase 3 [21]
CDP840 DMUPJW4 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Discontinued in Phase 2 [22]
CI-1018 DM03XVA Asthma CA23 Discontinued in Phase 2 [23]
Daxalipram DMXO9BQ Multiple sclerosis 8A40 Discontinued in Phase 2 [24]
GSK256066 DMBYQJH Asthma CA23 Discontinued in Phase 2 [25]
KW-4490 DMSWDKX Asthma CA23 Discontinued in Phase 2 [26]
LAS-37779 DM9J6BX Psoriasis vulgaris EA90 Discontinued in Phase 2 [27]
V-11294A DMEV1H5 Asthma CA23 Discontinued in Phase 2 [28]
D-4418 DMUPEJK Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma 2B01 Discontinued in Phase 1 [29]
SCH-351591 DMK40VO Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Discontinued in Phase 1 [30]
YM-976 DMCDK6S Asthma CA23 Discontinued in Phase 1 [31]
D-22888 DM7FTCV Allergy 4A80-4A85 Terminated [32]
GW-3600 DMSZH0I Asthma CA23 Terminated [33]
NIK-616 DM4U7XB Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Terminated [34]
TJN-598 DMKSPYI Glomerulonephritis 5D00.Y Terminated [35]
Torbafylline DMRBGI6 Peripheral vascular disease BD4Z Terminated [36]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 16 Discontinued Drug(s)
42 Investigative Drug(s) Targeting This DTT
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
(2,5-Diphenyl-furan-3-yl)-phenyl-methanone DM97GFB Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [37]
(R)-Rolipram DM95Z4Q Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [38]
(S)-Rolipram DM1SJZ3 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [38]
1-Butyl-3-methyl-3,7-dihydro-purine-2,6-dione DM9GRN8 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [39]
1-Methyl-3-propyl-3,7-dihydro-purine-2,6-dione DM90LWT Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [39]
2,5-Bis-(3,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-furan DMH6RDL Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [37]
2,5-Bis-(3-cyclopentyloxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-furan DM28GQS Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [37]
4-(2,5-Diphenyl-furan-3-yl)-morpholine DMVYALJ Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [37]
6-Azido-8-(3-iodo-phenyl)-quinoline DM8BNWH Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [40]
6-Imidazol-1-ylmethyl-8-phenyl-quinoline DMBQ3HV Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [40]
8-(3-Azido-phenyl)-6-iodo-quinoline DM9J2LT Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [40]
8-(3-Azido-phenyl)-6-pyridin-4-ylmethyl-quinoline DMON7RZ Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [40]
8-(3-Nitro-phenyl)-6-phenyl-[1,7]naphthyridine DMP6Z3R Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [41]
8-(3-Nitro-phenyl)-6-pyridin-4-ylmethyl-quinoline DM0N68L Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [40]
AL-59640 DMPHTX0 Xerophthalmia 5B55.Y Investigative [4]
ASP-3258 DMZ9GQR Respiratory tract inflammation CA07 Investigative [4]
Benzyl-(2-imidazol-1-yl-quinazolin-4-yl)-amine DM6I5MU Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [42]
Benzyl-(2-phenyl-quinazolin-4-yl)-amine DM3X50C Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [42]
Benzyl-(2-pyridin-3-yl-quinazolin-4-yl)-amine DMYDGCI Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [42]
Benzyl-(2-pyridin-4-yl-quinazolin-4-yl)-amine DMESVWC Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [42]
Benzyl-(2-thiophen-2-yl-quinazolin-4-yl)-amine DMH318X Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [42]
CD-160130 DMT6M5E Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia 2A82.0 Investigative [4]
CH-3697 DM0RFTJ Asthma CA23 Investigative [4]
CHF-5480 DM5T64L Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Investigative [4]
CI-1044 DMG5D6B Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [43]
isobutylmethylxanthine DM46F5X Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [44]
KF-66490 DMOUW0A Atopic dermatitis EA80 Investigative [45]
KURAIDIN DMLDUJ1 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [46]
KURARINOL DMRV5YE Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [46]
L-454560 DM0P4V6 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [47]
L-791943 DM5D892 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [48]
L-869298 DMKEDU6 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [49]
NIS-62949 DM1R0WC Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [50]
NITRAQUAZONE DMVDM0Q Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [51]
OCID-2987 DM69O3S Inflammation 1A00-CA43.1 Investigative [4]
ROLIPRAM DMJ03UM Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [52]
RS-14491 DMRW57G Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [53]
RS-25344 DM0W2IS Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [54]
SOPHOFLAVESCENOL DM8Y1S7 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [46]
TAS-203 DM07FBL Respiratory tract inflammation CA07 Investigative [4]
UCB-101333-3 DMHYORU Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [55]
ZL-N-91 DM1H865 Lung inflammation CA40.Z Investigative [4]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 42 Investigative Drug(s)

Molecular Expression Atlas (MEA) of This DTT

Molecular Expression Atlas (MEA) Jump to Detail Molecular Expression Atlas of This DTT
Disease Name ICD 11 Studied Tissue p-value Fold-Change Z-score
Psoriasis EA90 Skin 3.88E-01 4.09E-03 1.09E-02
Parkinson's disease 8A00.0 Substantia nigra tissue 9.26E-01 -3.01E-03 -0.01
Rheumatoid arthritis FA20 Synovial tissue 6.55E-01 1.40E-02 0.04
Asthma CA23 Nasal and bronchial airway 3.49E-01 0.02 0.04
Atopic dermatitis EA90 Skin 4.11E-02 -0.19 -0.77
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA23 Lung tissue 3.80E-01 -0.13 -0.29
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA23 Small airway epithelium 4.41E-03 0.12 0.44
Sepsis with septic shock 1G41 Whole blood 6.13E-01 -0.06 -0.19
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⏷ Show the Full List of DTT Expression Under 8 Diseases

References

1 Ocular hypotension induced by topical dopaminergic drugs and phosphodiesterase inhibitors. Eur J Pharmacol. 1994 Jun 2;258(1-2):85-94.
2 Effects of enprofylline, a new xanthine derivate, on human pregnant myometrium. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1987 Apr;156(4):958-62.
3 Pyrazolopyrimidine-2,4-dione sulfonamides: novel and selective calcitonin inducers. J Med Chem. 2002 May 23;45(11):2342-5.
4 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Target id: 1300).
5 An assessment of the genetic toxicology of novel boron-containing therapeutic agents. Environ Mol Mutagen. 2013 Jun;54(5):338-46.
6 The phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor AWD 12-281 is active in a new guinea-pig model of allergic skin inflammation predictive of human skin penetration and suppresses both Th1 and Th2 cytokines in mice. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2005 Dec;57(12):1609-17.
7 Thalidomide analogs and PDE4 inhibition. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 1998 Oct 6;8(19):2669-74.
8 Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor GPD-1116 markedly attenuates the development of cigarette smoke-induced emphysema in senescence-accelerated mice P1 s... Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2008 Feb;294(2):L196-204.
9 Can the anti-inflammatory potential of PDE4 inhibitors be realized: guarded optimism or wishful thinking . Br J Pharmacol. 2008 October; 155(3): 288-290.
10 MK-0873, a PDE4 inhibitor, does not influence the pharmacokinetics of theophylline in healthy male volunteers. Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2008;21(3):573-7.
11 Orexo announces Phase IIa data on OX914 in rhinitis. Orexo. 24th March, 2009.
12 Effects of piclamilast, a selective phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, on oxidative burst of sputum cells from mild asthmatics and stable COPD patients. Lung. 2004;182(6):369-77.
13 WO patent application no. 2012,1109,46, Pharmaceutical composition comprising the pde4 enzyme inhibitor revamilast and a disease modifying agent, preferably methotrexate .
14 Potential role of phosphodiesterase 7 in human T cell function: comparative effects of two phosphodiesterase inhibitors. Clin Exp Immunol. 2002 Jun;128(3):460-6.
15 GSK256066, an exceptionally high-affinity and selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 4 suitable for administration by inhalation: in vitro, kinetic, and in vivo characterization. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2011 Apr;337(1):145-54.
16 The atypical anxiolytic drug, tofisopam, selectively blocks phosphodiesterase isoenzymes and is active in the mouse model of negative symptoms of psychosis. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2010 Nov;117(11):1319-25.
17 Therapy for Parkinson's Disease: What is in the Pipeline . Neurotherapeutics. 2014 January; 11(1): 24-33.
18 GSK356278, a potent, selective, brain-penetrant phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor that demonstrates anxiolytic and cognition-enhancing effects without inducing side effects in preclinical species. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2014 Jul;350(1):153-63.
19 The effect of the novel phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor MEM 1414 on the allergen induced responses in mild asthma. BMC Pulm Med. 2014 Oct 28;14:166.
20 Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of Avarx.
21 Emerging drugs for asthma. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2008 Dec;13(4):643-53.
22 Discovery of a substituted 8-arylquinoline series of PDE4 inhibitors: structure-activity relationship, optimization, and identification of a highly... Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2005 Dec 1;15(23):5241-6.
23 New substituted triaza-benzo[cd]azulen-9-ones as promising phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2004 Jun 21;14(12):3303-6.
24 Inhibition of phosphodiesterase 4 reduces ethanol intake and preference in C57BL/6J mice. Front Neurosci. 2014 May 27;8:129.
25 Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of GlaxoSmithKline (2009).
26 Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of KW-4490, a selective phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor: difference in excretion of KW-4490 and acylglucuronide metabolites between rats and cynomolgus monkeys. Xenobiotica. 2008 May;38(5):511-26.
27 Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800022894)
28 Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile following oral administration of the phosphodiesterase (PDE)4 inhibitor V11294A in healthy volunteers. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2002 Nov;54(5):478-84.
29 Can the anti-inflammatory potential of PDE4 inhibitors be realized: guarded optimism or wishful thinking. Br J Pharmacol. 2008 Oct;155(3):288-90.
30 Synthesis and profile of SCH351591, a novel PDE4 inhibitor. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2002 Jun 17;12(12):1621-3.
31 Antiasthmatic effect of YM976, a novel PDE4 inhibitor, in guinea pigs. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2001 Apr;297(1):165-73.
32 Effects of a selective PDE4 inhibitor, D-22888, on human airways and eosinophils in vitro and late phase allergic pulmonary eosinophilia in guinea pigs. Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 1998 Feb;11(1):13-21.
33 Dual inhibition of human type 4 phosphodiesterase isostates by (R, R)-(+/-)-methyl 3-acetyl-4-[3-(cyclopentyloxy)-4-methoxyphenyl]-3- methyl-1-pyrrolidinecarboxylate. Biochemistry. 1998 May 12;37(19):6894-904.
34 Preclinical trials in Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Japan (PO). 2004
35 Effects of TJN-598, a new selective phosphodiesterase type IV inhibitor on anti-Thy1 nephritis in rats. Clin Exp Nephrol. 2011 Feb;15(1):14-24.
36 Phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor torbafylline (HWA 448) attenuates burn-induced rat skeletal muscle proteolysis through the PDE4/cAMP/EPAC/PI3K/Akt pathway. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2014 Aug 5;393(1-2):152-63.
37 Substituted furans as inhibitors of the PDE4 enzyme. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 1999 Feb 8;9(3):323-6.
38 PDE4 inhibitors roflumilast and rolipram augment PGE2 inhibition of TGF-{beta}1-stimulated fibroblasts. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2009 Jun;296(6):L959-69.
39 Effects of alkyl substitutions of xanthine skeleton on bronchodilation. J Med Chem. 1992 Oct 30;35(22):4039-44.
40 Hunting the emesis and efficacy targets of PDE4 inhibitors: identification of the photoaffinity probe 8-(3-azidophenyl)-6- [(4-iodo-1H-1-imidazolyl... J Med Chem. 2000 Oct 19;43(21):3820-3.
41 Palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions for the synthesis of 6, 8-disubstituted 1,7-naphthyridines: a novel class of potent and selective phos... J Med Chem. 2000 Feb 24;43(4):675-82.
42 Discovery of potent cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase inhibitors. 2-Pyridyl- and 2-imidazolylquinazolines possessing cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase and th... J Med Chem. 1995 Sep 1;38(18):3547-57.
43 Synthesis, structure-activity relationships, and pharmacological profile of 9-amino-4-oxo-1-phenyl-3,4,6,7-tetrahydro[1,4]diazepino[6, 7,1-hi]indol... J Med Chem. 2000 Dec 14;43(25):4850-67.
44 A new generation of phosphodiesterase inhibitors: multiple molecular forms of phosphodiesterase and the potential for drug selectivity. J Med Chem. 1985 May;28(5):537-45.
45 Effect of orally administered KF66490, a phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, on dermatitis in mouse models. Int Immunopharmacol. 2009 Jan;9(1):55-62.
46 A prenylated flavonol, sophoflavescenol: a potent and selective inhibitor of cGMP phosphodiesterase 5. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2002 Sep 2;12(17):2313-6.
47 The discovery and synthesis of highly potent subtype selective phosphodiesterase 4D inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2010 Sep 15;20(18):5502-5.
48 Discovery of L-791,943: a potent, selective, non emetic and orally active phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2002 Jun 3;12(11):1457-61.
49 Enantiomer discrimination illustrated by the high resolution crystal structures of type 4 phosphodiesterase. J Med Chem. 2006 Mar 23;49(6):1867-73.
50 Pharmacology of a novel, orally active PDE4 inhibitor. Pharmacology. 2009;83(5):275-86.
51 Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2,5-dihydropyrazol. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2000 Dec 4;10(23):2661-4.
52 Discovery of micromolar PDE IV inhibitors that exhibit much reduced affinity for the [3H]rolipram binding site: 3-norbornyloxy-4-methoxyphenylmethylene oxindoles, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 5(17):1965-1968 (1995).
53 Novel heterocyclic-fused pyridazinones as potent and selective phosphodiesterase IV inhibitors. J Med Chem. 1997 May 9;40(10):1417-21.
54 Comparison of recombinant human PDE4 isoforms: interaction with substrate and inhibitors. Cell Signal. 1998 Jun;10(6):427-40.
55 First dual M3 antagonists-PDE4 inhibitors: synthesis and SAR of 4,6-diaminopyrimidine derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2006 Apr 1;16(7):1834-9.