General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCO2557)

Drug Combination Name
Dacarbazine Mechlorethamine
Indication
Disease Entry Status REF
High grade ovarian serous adenocarcinoma Investigative [1]
Component Drugs Dacarbazine   DMNPZL4 Mechlorethamine   DM0CVXA
Small molecular drug Small molecular drug
2D MOL 2D MOL
3D MOL 3D MOL
High-throughput Screening Result Testing Cell Line: OVCAR-5
Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 0.04
Bliss Independence Score: 6.81
Loewe Additivity Score: 4.27
LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 5.11

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)
Indication(s) of Dacarbazine
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [2]
Astrocytoma 2A00.0Y Approved [2]
Brain disease 8C70-8E61 Approved [2]
Central nervous system disease 8A04-8D87 Approved [2]
Glioblastoma 2A00 Approved [2]
Gliosarcoma N.A. Approved [2]
Melanoma 2C30 Approved [3]
Classic Hodgkin lymphoma N.A. Investigative [2]
Neuroblastoma 2D11.2 Investigative [2]
Dacarbazine Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Human Deoxyribonucleic acid (hDNA) TTUTN1I NOUNIPROTAC Breaker [8]
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Dacarbazine Interacts with 3 DME Molecule(s)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) DEJGDUW CP1A2_HUMAN Metabolism [9]
Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) DE6OQ3W CP1A1_HUMAN Metabolism [10]
Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) DEVDYN7 CP2E1_HUMAN Metabolism [11]
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Dacarbazine Interacts with 12 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5 (BIRC5) OTILXZYL BIRC5_HUMAN Increases Expression [12]
Interleukin-8 (CXCL8) OTS7T5VH IL8_HUMAN Increases Expression [7]
Interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1) OT43DI6J IRF1_HUMAN Increases Expression [13]
Methylated-DNA--protein-cysteine methyltransferase (MGMT) OT40A9WH MGMT_HUMAN Decreases Activity [14]
Induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1 (MCL1) OT2YYI1A MCL1_HUMAN Decreases Response To Substance [15]
DNA repair nuclease/redox regulator APEX1 (APEX1) OT53OI14 APEX1_HUMAN Increases Response To Substance [16]
Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1 (SLC2A1) OTA675TJ GTR1_HUMAN Decreases Response To Substance [17]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3) OTCYKGKO MK03_HUMAN Decreases Response To Substance [18]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) OTH85PI5 MK01_HUMAN Decreases Response To Substance [18]
Clusterin (CLU) OTQGG0JM CLUS_HUMAN Affects Response To Substance [19]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1 (MAP3K1) OTS3FVTY M3K1_HUMAN Decreases Response To Substance [18]
Erythropoietin (EPO) OTZ90CN4 EPO_HUMAN Decreases Response To Substance [20]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 12 DOT(s)
Indication(s) of Mechlorethamine
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Chronic myelogenous leukaemia 2A20.0 Approved [4]
Lung cancer 2C25.0 Approved [4]
Mycosis fungoides 2B01 Approved [4]
Primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma N.A. Approved [4]
Small lymphocytic lymphoma 2A82.0 Approved [4]
T-cell lymphoma 2A90 Approved [5]
Hodgkin lymphoma 2B30 Phase 3 [6]
Classic Hodgkin lymphoma N.A. Investigative [4]
Mechlorethamine Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Human Deoxyribonucleic acid (hDNA) TTUTN1I NOUNIPROTAC Intercalator [23]
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Mechlorethamine Interacts with 19 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2 (ERBB2) OTOAUNCK ERBB2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [24]
Cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53) OTIE1VH3 P53_HUMAN Decreases Activity [25]
Transcription factor Jun (JUN) OTCYBO6X JUN_HUMAN Increases Expression [26]
Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) OTW1SC2N CDK1_HUMAN Decreases Activity [27]
Glutathione S-transferase A2 (GSTA2) OTW7UB1H GSTA2_HUMAN Increases Expression [28]
Interleukin-8 (CXCL8) OTS7T5VH IL8_HUMAN Increases Expression [26]
Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 (BCL2) OT9DVHC0 BCL2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [29]
G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B1 (CCNB1) OT19S7E5 CCNB1_HUMAN Decreases Activity [27]
Transcription factor JunB (JUNB) OTG2JXV5 JUNB_HUMAN Increases Expression [26]
Transcription factor JunD (JUND) OTNKACJD JUND_HUMAN Increases Expression [26]
Cyclin-A2 (CCNA2) OTPHHYZJ CCNA2_HUMAN Increases Stability [27]
Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) OTB5DYYZ CDK2_HUMAN Increases Activity [27]
Protein S100-P (S100P) OTJCXNJG S100P_HUMAN Increases Expression [30]
Caspase-3 (CASP3) OTIJRBE7 CASP3_HUMAN Increases Activity [31]
Caspase-2 (CASP2) OTUDYSPP CASP2_HUMAN Increases Activity [29]
Caspase-9 (CASP9) OTD4RFFG CASP9_HUMAN Increases Activity [29]
Laminin subunit gamma-2 (LAMC2) OTJMTM72 LAMC2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [32]
Bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer (BAK1) OTDP6ILW BAK_HUMAN Increases Expression [33]
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1 (TRPA1) OTRDIR5M TRPA1_HUMAN Increases Response To Substance [34]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 19 DOT(s)

Test Results of This Drug Combination in Other Disease Systems

Indication DrugCom ID Cell Line Status REF
Adult acute myeloid leukemia DCGI0SS HL-60(TB) Investigative [1]
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References

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2 Dacarbazine FDA Label
3 FDA Approved Drug Products from FDA Official Website. 2009. Application Number: (ANDA) 075259.
4 Mechlorethamine FDA Label
5 Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
6 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7218).
7 Dacarbazine causes transcriptional up-regulation of interleukin 8 and vascular endothelial growth factor in melanoma cells: a possible escape mechanism from chemotherapy. Mol Cancer Ther. 2003 Aug;2(8):753-63.
8 Predicting the myelotoxicity of chemotherapy: the use of pretreatment O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase determination in peripheral blood mono... Melanoma Res. 2011 Dec;21(6):502-8.
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11 Role of cytochrome P450 isoenzymes in metabolism of O(6)-benzylguanine: implications for dacarbazine activation. Clin Cancer Res. 2001 Dec;7(12):4239-44.
12 Serum bcl-2 and survivin levels in melanoma. Melanoma Res. 2004 Dec;14(6):543-6. doi: 10.1097/00008390-200412000-00017.
13 CD69 on CD56+ NK cells and response to chemoimmunotherapy in metastatic melanoma. Eur J Clin Invest. 2007 Nov;37(11):887-96. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2007.01873.x.
14 Pharmacokinetic, biochemical and clinical effects of dimethyltriazenoimidazole-4-carboxamide-bischloroethylnitrosourea combination therapy in patients with advanced breast cancer. Int J Cancer. 2003 Feb 20;103(5):686-92. doi: 10.1002/ijc.10849.
15 Mcl-1 antisense therapy chemosensitizes human melanoma in a SCID mouse xenotransplantation model. J Invest Dermatol. 2003 Jun;120(6):1081-6. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1747.2003.12252.x.
16 Impairment of APE1 function enhances cellular sensitivity to clinically relevant alkylators and antimetabolites. Mol Cancer Res. 2009 Jun;7(6):897-906. doi: 10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-08-0519. Epub 2009 May 26.
17 Glut-1 as a therapeutic target: increased chemoresistance and HIF-1-independent link with cell turnover is revealed through COMPARE analysis and metabolomic studies. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2008 Mar;61(3):377-93. doi: 10.1007/s00280-007-0480-1. Epub 2007 May 23.
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19 Clusterin regulates drug-resistance in melanoma cells. J Invest Dermatol. 2005 Jun;124(6):1300-7. doi: 10.1111/j.0022-202X.2005.23720.x.
20 Functional erythropoietin autocrine loop in melanoma. Am J Pathol. 2005 Mar;166(3):823-30. doi: 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)62303-6.
21 Thioredoxin Cross-Linking by Nitrogen Mustard in Lung Epithelial Cells: Formation of Multimeric Thioredoxin/Thioredoxin Reductase Complexes and Inhibition of Disulfide Reduction. Chem Res Toxicol. 2015 Nov 16;28(11):2091-103. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00194. Epub 2015 Oct 19.
22 Cross-linking of thioredoxin reductase by the sulfur mustard analogue mechlorethamine (methylbis(2-chloroethyl)amine) in human lung epithelial cells and rat lung: selective inhibition of disulfide reduction but not redox cycling. Chem Res Toxicol. 2014 Jan 21;27(1):61-75. doi: 10.1021/tx400329a. Epub 2013 Dec 9.
23 Proteomic analysis of DNA-protein cross-linking by antitumor nitrogen mustards. Chem Res Toxicol. 2009 Jun;22(6):1151-62.
24 Down-regulation of HER-2 expression in human breast cancer cell HBC-4 and ZR75-1 by nitrogen-mustard-N-oxide. Kobe J Med Sci. 2007;53(4):135-42.
25 Nitrogen Mustard Alkylates and Cross-Links p53 in Human Keratinocytes. Chem Res Toxicol. 2022 Apr 18;35(4):636-650. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00420. Epub 2022 Mar 21.
26 Nitrogen mustard prevents transport of Fra-1 into the nucleus to promote c-Fos- and FosB-dependent IL-8 induction in injured mouse epidermis. Toxicol Lett. 2020 Feb 1;319:256-263. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.10.006. Epub 2019 Oct 19.
27 G2 delay induced by nitrogen mustard in human cells affects cyclin A/cdk2 and cyclin B1/cdc2-kinase complexes differently. J Biol Chem. 1993 Apr 15;268(11):8298-308.
28 Overexpression of GSTA2 protects against cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induced by the DNA inter-strand crosslinking nitrogen mustard, mechlorethamine. J Cell Biochem. 2005 May 15;95(2):339-51. doi: 10.1002/jcb.20440.
29 Inhibition of caspase-dependent mitochondrial permeability transition protects airway epithelial cells against mustard-induced apoptosis. Apoptosis. 2006 Sep;11(9):1545-59. doi: 10.1007/s10495-006-8764-1.
30 S100P is selectively upregulated in tumor cell lines challenged with DNA cross-linking agents. Leuk Res. 2005 Oct;29(10):1181-90. doi: 10.1016/j.leukres.2005.03.012.
31 Ebselen reduces the toxicity of mechlorethamine in A-431 cells via inhibition of apoptosis. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2013 Jun;27(6):313-22. doi: 10.1002/jbt.21490. Epub 2013 May 6.
32 Histopathologic and immunohistochemical features in human skin after exposure to nitrogen and sulfur mustard. Am J Dermatopathol. 1998 Feb;20(1):22-8. doi: 10.1097/00000372-199802000-00005.
33 Increased expression of VDAC1 sensitizes carcinoma cells to apoptosis induced by DNA cross-linking agents. Biochem Pharmacol. 2012 May 1;83(9):1172-82. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2012.01.017. Epub 2012 Jan 21.
34 Activation of the human TRPA1 channel by different alkylating sulfur and nitrogen mustards and structurally related chemotherapeutic drugs. Toxicol Lett. 2023 Mar 1;376:51-59. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.01.007. Epub 2023 Jan 21.