Details of the Drug Combination

General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCWNE8O)

• Drug Combination Name: Trametinib + YM155
• Indication: Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma; Status: Investigative [1]
• Component Drugs:
  Trametinib (DM2JGQ3): Small molecular drug
  YM155 (DM5Q1W4): Small molecular drug
• High-throughput Screening Result:
  Testing Cell Line: SU-DIPG-XIII
  Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 4.302
  Bliss Independence Score: 3.066
  Loewe Additivity Score: 2.222
  LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 5.434

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Indication(s) of Trametinib

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Melanoma	2C30	Approved	[2]
Metastatic melanoma	2E2Z	Approved	[3]
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)	1D64	Investigative	[4]
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)	1D65	Investigative	[4]

Trametinib Interacts with 3 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
MAPK/ERK kinase kinase (MAP3K)	TTROQ37	NOUNIPROTAC	Modulator	[6]
HUMAN ERK activator kinase 1 (MEK1)	TTAW3TO	MP2K1_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[4]
HUMAN ERK activator kinase 2 (MEK2)	TTWX403	MP2K2_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[4]

Trametinib Interacts with 13 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Bcl-2-like protein 11 (BCL2L11)	OTNQQWFJ	B2L11_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[7]
Myc proto-oncogene protein (MYC)	OTPV5LUK	MYC_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[7]
Retinoblastoma-associated protein (RB1)	OTQJUJMZ	RB_HUMAN	Decreases Phosphorylation	[7]
Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 16 (NGFR)	OTPKSM49	TNR16_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[8]
Ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 (RPS6KB1)	OTAELNGX	KS6B1_HUMAN	Decreases Phosphorylation	[7]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3)	OTCYKGKO	MK03_HUMAN	Decreases Phosphorylation	[7]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1)	OTH85PI5	MK01_HUMAN	Decreases Phosphorylation	[7]
RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT1)	OT8H2YY7	AKT1_HUMAN	Increases Phosphorylation	[7]
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)	OTAAGKYZ	STAT3_HUMAN	Increases Phosphorylation	[9]
Sequestosome-1 (SQSTM1)	OTGY5D5J	SQSTM_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[8]
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-11 (GNA11)	OT0K99TO	GNA11_HUMAN	Increases Response To Substance	[7]
Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MAP2K1)	OT4Y9NQI	MP2K1_HUMAN	Decreases Response To Substance	[10]
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha (GNAQ)	OTOODWTU	GNAQ_HUMAN	Increases Response To Substance	[7]

Indication(s) of YM155

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Breast cancer	2C60-2C65	Phase 2	[5]
Non-hodgkin lymphoma	2B33.5	Phase 2	[5]

YM155 Interacts with 2 DTP Molecule(s)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Organic cation transporter 2 (SLC22A2)	DT9IDPW	S22A2_HUMAN	Substrate	[11]
Organic cation transporter 1 (SLC22A1)	DTT79CX	S22A1_HUMAN	Substrate	[11]

YM155 Interacts with 16 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5 (BIRC5)	OTILXZYL	BIRC5_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[12]
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)	OTAPLO1S	EGFR_HUMAN	Decreases Phosphorylation	[13]
Poly polymerase 1 (PARP1)	OT310QSG	PARP1_HUMAN	Increases Cleavage	[14]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3)	OTCYKGKO	MK03_HUMAN	Decreases Phosphorylation	[14]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1)	OTH85PI5	MK01_HUMAN	Decreases Phosphorylation	[14]
Caspase-3 (CASP3)	OTIJRBE7	CASP3_HUMAN	Increases Cleavage	[14]
Caspase-9 (CASP9)	OTD4RFFG	CASP9_HUMAN	Increases Cleavage	[14]
POU domain, class 5, transcription factor 1 (POU5F1)	OTDHHN7O	PO5F1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[13]
Induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1 (MCL1)	OT2YYI1A	MCL1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[14]
Sequestosome-1 (SQSTM1)	OTGY5D5J	SQSTM_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[14]
Beclin-1 (BECN1)	OT4X293M	BECN1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[14]
ELAV-like protein 1 (ELAVL1)	OTY55PLY	ELAV1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[14]
Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EHMT2 (EHMT2)	OTC4DWB6	EHMT2_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[13]
Microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B (MAP1LC3B)	OTUYHB84	MLP3B_HUMAN	Increases Lipidation	[14]
Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EHMT1 (EHMT1)	OT6QC8GK	EHMT1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[13]
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1 (ABCB1)	OTEJROBO	MDR1_HUMAN	Decreases Response To Substance	[15]

References

• [1] Loss of function mutations in VARS encoding cytoplasmic valyl-tRNA synthetase cause microcephaly, seizures, and progressive cerebral atrophy.Hum Genet. 2018 Apr;137(4):293-303. doi: 10.1007/s00439-018-1882-3. Epub 2018 Apr 24.
• [2] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 6495).
• [3] Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
• [4] Coronaviruses - drug discovery and therapeutic options. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2016 May;15(5):327-47.
• [5] ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00818480) An Extension Study Administering YM155 to Subjects Previously Enrolled in Another Protocol Administering YM155. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
• [6] Radium 223 dichloride for prostate cancer treatment. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2017 Sep 6;11:2643-2651.
• [7] Combination small molecule MEK and PI3K inhibition enhances uveal melanoma cell death in a mutant GNAQ- and GNA11-dependent manner. Clin Cancer Res. 2012 Aug 15;18(16):4345-55. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-11-3227. Epub 2012 Jun 25.
• [8] Harnessing autophagy to overcome mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase inhibitor-induced resistance in metastatic melanoma. Br J Dermatol. 2019 Feb;180(2):346-356. doi: 10.1111/bjd.17333. Epub 2018 Nov 25.
• [9] Physapubescin B enhances the sensitivity of gastric cancer cells to trametinib by inhibiting the STAT3 signaling pathway. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2020 Dec 1;408:115273. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115273. Epub 2020 Oct 6.
• [10] Clinical resistance associated with a novel MAP2K1 mutation in a patient with Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2018 Sep;65(9):e27237. doi: 10.1002/pbc.27237. Epub 2018 May 16.
• [11] Characterization of human organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1/SLC22A1)- and OCT2 (SLC22A2)-mediated transport of 1-(2-methoxyethyl)-2-methyl-4,9-dioxo-3-(pyrazin-2-ylmethyl)- 4,9-dihydro-1H-naphtho[2,3-d]imidazolium bromide (YM155 monobromide), a novel small molecule survivin suppressant. Drug Metab Dispos. 2010 Jan;38(1):1-4.
• [12] Inhibition of pluripotent stem cell-derived teratoma formation by small molecules. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Aug 27;110(35):E3281-90. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1303669110. Epub 2013 Aug 5.
• [13] YM155 as an inhibitor of cancer stemness simultaneously inhibits autophosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor and G9a-mediated stemness in lung cancer cells. PLoS One. 2017 Aug 7;12(8):e0182149. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182149. eCollection 2017.
• [14] Autophagic HuR mRNA degradation induces survivin and MCL1 downregulation in YM155-treated human leukemia cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2020 Jan 15;387:114857. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114857. Epub 2019 Dec 16.
• [15] The SMAC mimetic LCL161 is a direct ABCB1/MDR1-ATPase activity modulator and BIRC5/Survivin expression down-regulator in cancer cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2020 Aug 15;401:115080. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115080. Epub 2020 Jun 1.