Details of the Drug-Related molecule(s) Interaction Atlas

General Information of Drug (ID: DMYHBKN)

• Drug Name: Exenatide Drug Info
• Synonyms: Exenatide Synthetic; AC 2993 LAR; Ex4 peptide; Byetta (TN); Exendin 4 (Heloderma suspectum); Extendin-4; L-Serinamide

Indication

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Inflammation	1A00-CA43.1	Approved	[1]
Non-insulin dependent diabetes	5A11	Approved	[1]
Type-1/2 diabetes	5A10-5A11	Approved	[1]
Type-2 diabetes	5A11	Approved	[2]
Cardiovascular disease	BA00-BE2Z	Phase 3	[3]

• Therapeutic Class: Hypoglycemic Agents
• Cross-matching ID:
  PubChem CID: 45588096
  CAS Number: CAS 141758-74-9
  TTD Drug ID: DMYHBKN
  INTEDE Drug ID: DR0676

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas

Drug(s) Targeting Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP1R)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Semaglutide	DMAGFOD	Type-2 diabetes	5A11	Approved	[7]
Liraglutide	DM3FXPS	Non-insulin dependent diabetes	5A11	Approved	[2]
Dulaglutide	DMYXBV3	Type-2 diabetes	5A11	Approved	[8]
Lixisenatide	DM0QJDC	Type-2 diabetes	5A11	Approved	[9]
Pramlintide	DM0EZ9Q	Type-1/2 diabetes	5A10-5A11	Approved	[2]
Albiglutide	DM1JEGF	Type-2 diabetes	5A11	Approved	[9]
Tirzepatide	DMQNMAT	Type 2 diabetes	5A11	Approved	[10]
Efpeglenatide	DMKA2PI	Type-2 diabetes	5A11	Phase 3	[3]
GLP-1	DMR6YH3	Diabetic complication	5A2Y	Phase 3	[7]
Taspoglutide	DMPYET9	Type-1 diabetes	5A10	Phase 3	[11]

Drug(s) Metabolized By Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP4)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Semaglutide	DMAGFOD	Type-2 diabetes	5A11	Approved	[12]
Liraglutide	DM3FXPS	Non-insulin dependent diabetes	5A11	Approved	[13]

Drug(s) Affected By Albumin (ALB)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Acetaminophen	DMUIE76	Allergic rhinitis	CA08.0	Approved	[14]
Sulfamethoxazole	DMB08GE	Acute otitis media	AB00	Approved	[15]
Tolbutamide	DM02AWV	Advanced cancer	2A00-2F9Z	Approved	[16]
Diazepam	DM08E9O	Alcohol withdrawal		Approved	[17]
Sertraline	DM0FB1J	Coronary heart disease	BA80.Z	Approved	[18]
Methimazole	DM25FL8	Hyperthyroidism	5A02	Approved	[19]
Imipramine	DM2NUH3	Depression	6A70-6A7Z	Approved	[20]
Colchicine	DM2POTE	Acute gout flare	FA25.0	Approved	[21]
Methotrexate	DM2TEOL	Anterior urethra cancer		Approved	[22]
Quercetin	DM3NC4M	Obesity	5B81	Approved	[23]

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP1R)	TTVIMDE	GLP1R_HUMAN	Binder	[4]

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP4) Main DME	DEKZQY6	DPP4_HUMAN	Substrate	[5]

Drug Off-Target (DOT)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Interaction	REF
Albumin (ALB)	OTVMM513	ALBU_HUMAN	Protein Interaction/Cellular Processes	[6]

References

• [1] Exenatide FDA Label
• [2] Emerging drugs for obesity: linking novel biological mechanisms to pharmaceutical pipelines. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2005 Aug;10(3):643-60.
• [3] Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA)
• [4] Improved glycemic control and reduction of cardiometabolic risk factors in subjects with type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome treated with exenatide in a clinical practice setting. Diabetes TechnolTher. 2009 Jun;11(6):353-9.
• [5] In vitro metabolic stability of exendin-4: pharmacokinetics and identification of cleavage products. PLoS One. 2015 Feb 27;10(2):e0116805.
• [6] Biochemical, pharmaceutical and therapeutic properties of long-acting lithocholic acid derivatized exendin-4 analogs. J Control Release. 2010 Mar 3;142(2):206-13. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2009.10.025. Epub 2009 Nov 10.
• [7] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Target id: 249).
• [8] 2014 FDA drug approvals. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2015 Feb;14(2):77-81.
• [9] GLP-1 receptor agonists for individualized treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Nat Rev Endocrinol.2012 Dec;8(12):728-42.
• [10] Dual GIP and GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Tirzepatide Improves Beta-cell Function and Insulin Sensitivity in Type 2 Diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2021 Jan 23;106(2):388-396.
• [11] Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of taspoglutide, a once-weekly, human GLP-1 analogue, after single-dose administration in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med. 2009 Nov;26(11):1156-64.
• [12] Absorption, metabolism and excretion of the GLP-1 analogue semaglutide in humans and nonclinical species. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2017 Jun 15;104:31-41.
• [13] Metabolism and excretion of the once-daily human glucagon-like peptide-1 analog liraglutide in healthy male subjects and its in vitro degradation by dipeptidyl peptidase IV and neutral endopeptidase. Drug Metab Dispos. 2010 Nov;38(11):1944-53.
• [14] Gene expression analysis of precision-cut human liver slices indicates stable expression of ADME-Tox related genes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2011 May 15;253(1):57-69.
• [15] ADReCS-Target: target profiles for aiding drug safety research and application. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D911-D917. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx899.
• [16] A protein-coated magnetic beads as a tool for the rapid drug-protein binding study. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2010 Jul 8;52(3):420-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2009.06.023. Epub 2009 Jun 18.
• [17] The three recombinant domains of human serum albumin. Structural characterization and ligand binding properties. J Biol Chem. 1999 Oct 8;274(41):29303-10. doi: 10.1074/jbc.274.41.29303.
• [18] Exploring binding properties of sertraline with human serum albumin: Combination of spectroscopic and molecular modeling studies. Chem Biol Interact. 2015 Dec 5;242:235-46. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.10.006. Epub 2015 Oct 22.
• [19] Low-expressional IGF1 mediated methimazole-induced liver developmental toxicity in fetal mice. Toxicology. 2018 Sep 1;408:70-79. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2018.07.004. Epub 2018 Jul 7.
• [20] Use of peak decay analysis and affinity microcolumns containing silica monoliths for rapid determination of drug-protein dissociation rates. J Chromatogr A. 2011 Apr 15;1218(15):2072-8. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.09.070. Epub 2010 Oct 16.
• [21] [Colchicine in chronic liver disease of alcoholic etiology. Double-blind, randomized study of its effects on blood levels of plasma proteins and clinical course in patients]. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 1995 May-Jun;41(3):207-12.
• [22] Editor's Highlight: Modeling Compound-Induced Fibrogenesis In Vitro Using Three-Dimensional Bioprinted Human Liver Tissues. Toxicol Sci. 2016 Dec;154(2):354-367. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfw169. Epub 2016 Sep 7.
• [23] Covalent binding of the flavonoid quercetin to human serum albumin. J Agric Food Chem. 2005 May 18;53(10):4194-7. doi: 10.1021/jf050061m.