Details of Disease

General Information of Disease (ID: DISMHI3I)

• Disease Name: Renal fibrosis
• Disease Class: GC01: Kidney fibrosis
• Definition: A final common manifestation of a wide variety of chronic kidney diseases characterized by glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis.
• Disease Hierarchy:
  DISJF20Z: Glomerulosclerosis
  DISMHI3I: Renal fibrosis
• ICD Code: ICD-11: ICD-11: GC01
• Disease Identifiers:
  MONDO ID: MONDO_0000494
  UMLS CUI: C0151650
  MedGen ID: 508798
  HPO ID: HP:0030760
  SNOMED CT ID: 197660000

Drug-Interaction Atlas (DIA) of This Disease

This Disease is Treated as An Indication in 1 Clinical Trial Drug(s)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Highest Status	Drug Type	REF
THR-184	DMAVQR1	Phase 2	Small molecular drug	[1]

This Disease is Treated as An Indication in 3 Preclinical Drug(s)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Highest Status	Drug Type	REF
NTU281	DM65UZ2	Preclinical	Small molecular drug	[2]
P-007	DMKGMK6	Preclinical	Antibody	[3]
SIS-3	DMWBCTA	Preclinical	Small molecular drug	[2]

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This Disease

This Disease Is Related to 73 DTT Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DTT ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
ACLY	TT0Z6Y2	Limited	Biomarker	[4]
C5	TTKANGO	Limited	Biomarker	[5]
DDR1	TTI1FPZ	Limited	Altered Expression	[6]
DOT1L	TTSZ8T1	Limited	Biomarker	[7]
FGF23	TT2IZ4K	Limited	Biomarker	[8]
HIPK2	TTOB49C	Limited	Biomarker	[9]
LOXL2	TTFSUHX	Limited	Biomarker	[10]
MMP7	TTMTWOS	Limited	Biomarker	[11]
POSTN	TT8ALTZ	Limited	Biomarker	[12]
PREP	TTNGKET	Limited	Altered Expression	[13]
PRMT1	TTVOJAI	Limited	Biomarker	[14]
REN	TTB2MXP	Limited	Biomarker	[15]
SIRT3	TTVZLIJ	Limited	Biomarker	[16]
SPHK2	TTCN0M9	Limited	Biomarker	[17]
TRPC3	TTNVC34	Limited	Biomarker	[18]
CUL3	TTPCU0Q	moderate	Biomarker	[19]
FGF21	TTQ916P	moderate	Biomarker	[20]
GPBAR1	TTSDVTR	moderate	Biomarker	[21]
KCNN4	TT7M9I6	moderate	Biomarker	[22]
LY96	TT8S9AV	moderate	Biomarker	[23]
SERPINE1	TTTO43N	moderate	Biomarker	[24]
TICAM1	TT2GQT6	moderate	Biomarker	[25]
TLR4	TTISGCA	moderate	Biomarker	[26]
AGER	TTMO9HF	Strong	Therapeutic	[27]
ARRB1	TTMVD4A	Strong	Biomarker	[28]
BMP7	TTKOBRA	Strong	Biomarker	[29]
CCL3	TT8I4WB	Strong	Biomarker	[30]
CCN2	TTIL516	Strong	Altered Expression	[20]
CLU	TTRL76H	Strong	Altered Expression	[31]
CSK	TTX6F0Q	Strong	Biomarker	[32]
CSNK2A2	TT7GR5W	Strong	Biomarker	[33]
CTF1	TTXGTZU	Strong	Biomarker	[34]
CTH	TTLQUZS	Strong	Biomarker	[35]
CYBB	TT5T8MR	Strong	Therapeutic	[36]
ECE1	TTQ9RYT	Strong	Biomarker	[37]
EDNRA	TTKRD0G	Strong	Biomarker	[37]
ENG	TTB30LE	Strong	Biomarker	[38]
EPX	TTCIO0M	Strong	Biomarker	[39]
FFAR1	TTB8FUC	Strong	Biomarker	[40]
FGF10	TTNPEFX	Strong	Biomarker	[41]
GPR84	TTG0MQD	Strong	Biomarker	[40]
GSTA3	TT29VDX	Strong	Biomarker	[42]
HCK	TT42OGM	Strong	Biomarker	[43]
LTBR	TTFO0PM	Strong	Genetic Variation	[44]
NOX4	TTQRBSJ	Strong	Biomarker	[45]
NPR1	TTM9IYA	Strong	Altered Expression	[46]
PCSK1	TTED9LZ	Strong	Biomarker	[47]
PGC	TT7K6AD	Strong	Altered Expression	[48]
PPID	TTNAFOU	Strong	Biomarker	[49]
PPIF	TTRFQTB	Strong	Biomarker	[49]
PPP2CA	TTHTKNY	Strong	Biomarker	[50]
PTGDR2	TTQDMX5	Strong	Altered Expression	[51]
RAPGEF3	TTOE7I0	Strong	Biomarker	[52]
RPS6KA1	TTIXKA4	Strong	Biomarker	[53]
SETD7	TTJ0FSU	Strong	Altered Expression	[54]
SMAD7	TT0J32Z	Strong	Biomarker	[55]
SMN1	TT8QL6X	Strong	Altered Expression	[56]
SPHK1	TTOHFIY	Strong	Biomarker	[57]
STAT6	TTWOE1T	Strong	Biomarker	[58]
SYVN1	TT8XKYM	Strong	Altered Expression	[59]
TLR2	TTY7ZHS	Strong	Biomarker	[60]
TNFSF12	TTBTDM1	Strong	Biomarker	[61]
TRPC1	TTA76X0	Strong	Altered Expression	[62]
TRPC6	TTRBT3W	Strong	Biomarker	[63]
TSG101	TTHU7JA	Strong	Biomarker	[64]
UTS2R	TTW5UDX	Strong	Biomarker	[65]
XDH	TT7RJY8	Strong	Therapeutic	[66]
ADM2	TTM642F	Definitive	Biomarker	[67]
C5AR1	TTHXFA1	Definitive	Altered Expression	[5]
DCN	TTB3XAN	Definitive	Genetic Variation	[68]
FDPS	TTIKWV4	Definitive	Biomarker	[69]
FES	TTLBY21	Definitive	Biomarker	[69]
TGM2	TT2F4OL	Definitive	Altered Expression	[70]

This Disease Is Related to 1 DTP Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DTP ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
SLC27A2	DTXK9WA	moderate	Altered Expression	[71]

This Disease Is Related to 2 DME Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DME ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
DDAH1	DEY0TQC	Limited	Biomarker	[72]
HIF1AN	DEY1CBW	Strong	Biomarker	[73]

This Disease Is Related to 100 DOT Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DOT ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
AQP2	OTQLBKK6	Limited	Altered Expression	[74]
C5AR2	OTP1Q82J	Limited	Altered Expression	[5]
CCN4	OT69BER9	Limited	Biomarker	[75]
COL4A3	OT6SB8X5	Limited	Biomarker	[76]
DNAH8	OTGES2OU	Limited	Biomarker	[77]
DUSP4	OT6WAO12	Limited	Altered Expression	[78]
FERMT2	OTZNPWWX	Limited	Biomarker	[79]
GABPA	OT9YB2SA	Limited	Biomarker	[80]
IL18BP	OTW0LRYZ	Limited	Genetic Variation	[81]
KL	OTD4VWU6	Limited	Biomarker	[82]
LRPAP1	OT6DVD2Q	Limited	Biomarker	[83]
PINK1	OT50NR57	Limited	Altered Expression	[84]
PXDN	OTFGGM9R	Limited	Biomarker	[85]
SMURF2	OT3TRVL7	Limited	Biomarker	[86]
SNAI1	OTDPYAMC	Limited	Altered Expression	[87]
CALB1	OTM7IXDG	Disputed	Biomarker	[88]
CARD9	OTJ81AWD	moderate	Altered Expression	[89]
MARCHF6	OTBTA03N	moderate	Biomarker	[90]
NPHS2	OTLCNUII	moderate	Biomarker	[91]
NRK	OTGR01FF	moderate	Biomarker	[92]
PLEKHO1	OTMVUQ9W	moderate	Altered Expression	[93]
RABGEF1	OTWC3Z3R	moderate	Biomarker	[94]
RAP1A	OT5RH6TI	moderate	Biomarker	[94]
TERF2IP	OT3M5P3G	moderate	Biomarker	[94]
TMEM45A	OT54KJG6	moderate	Biomarker	[95]
TRIM69	OTTEGTRD	moderate	Biomarker	[25]
ACE	OTDF1964	Strong	Altered Expression	[96]
ACKR2	OTWYY14H	Strong	Biomarker	[97]
APPL1	OT8VR95S	Strong	Biomarker	[98]
ATP5F1B	OTLFZUQK	Strong	Biomarker	[99]
C1QA	OT6XKVVA	Strong	Genetic Variation	[100]
C1QTNF6	OT57EPQC	Strong	Biomarker	[101]
C1R	OTA0ZNIU	Strong	Biomarker	[102]
CDH9	OTV9N5XK	Strong	Altered Expression	[103]
CLCN5	OT9YXZSO	Strong	Biomarker	[104]
CNBP	OTTGM9NK	Strong	Biomarker	[105]
CREB3L4	OTSGQGT2	Strong	Altered Expression	[106]
CRYGC	OTYSTQWI	Strong	Biomarker	[107]
CYGB	OTX153DQ	Strong	Biomarker	[108]
DLX5	OTEEFBEU	Strong	Biomarker	[109]
EDA	OTAKS5WS	Strong	Biomarker	[110]
EFS	OT06O7XL	Strong	Biomarker	[111]
EIF3A	OTFABY9G	Strong	Biomarker	[112]
ELP2	OTBXG37N	Strong	Biomarker	[113]
FAN1	OT1LM1HZ	Strong	Genetic Variation	[114]
FOXD1	OT80PRHS	Strong	Biomarker	[115]
FUT8	OTJJCVG1	Strong	Altered Expression	[116]
GDF11	OTOSNMND	Strong	Altered Expression	[117]
GLIPR2	OTFTH6ZY	Strong	Biomarker	[118]
GLIS2	OTOUUV1X	Strong	Genetic Variation	[119]
HAS2	OTTD3PAL	Strong	Biomarker	[120]
HMGN1	OTSMGH99	Strong	Biomarker	[121]
ICAM3	OTTZ5A5D	Strong	Biomarker	[122]
INTU	OTXB13E6	Strong	Biomarker	[123]
INVS	OT8KPESR	Strong	Biomarker	[124]
MAD2L2	OT24ZO59	Strong	Biomarker	[125]
MAP1S	OT5WUD4C	Strong	Biomarker	[126]
MFHAS1	OTS922CJ	Strong	Biomarker	[127]
MKS1	OT83W5PB	Strong	Biomarker	[128]
MLKL	OTDSLC81	Strong	Biomarker	[4]
MMRN1	OT7ZNYHT	Strong	Biomarker	[129]
MOB1A	OTSPBZ4Z	Strong	Altered Expression	[79]
MOB4	OTOQRMAS	Strong	Altered Expression	[79]
MRTFA	OTCVXASM	Strong	Altered Expression	[130]
MYOCD	OTSJNHTH	Strong	Altered Expression	[131]
MYSM1	OTO73N00	Strong	Altered Expression	[54]
NCF2	OTAUW7L2	Strong	Biomarker	[132]
NREP	OT2AZPKK	Strong	Biomarker	[133]
PAQR3	OTTKJ9Y4	Strong	Biomarker	[134]
PARN	OTTG4PE3	Strong	Genetic Variation	[135]
PDCD6IP	OTS8T6A7	Strong	Biomarker	[64]
PDIA3	OTHPQ0Q3	Strong	Biomarker	[136]
PHF14	OTZT3GV1	Strong	Biomarker	[137]
PKD2	OTIXBU8H	Strong	Biomarker	[138]
PLD4	OT5I74II	Strong	Biomarker	[139]
POLR3E	OT69PWBM	Strong	Biomarker	[111]
PPARGC1A	OTHCDQ22	Strong	Altered Expression	[140]
RGCC	OTYJMLWM	Strong	Biomarker	[141]
RLN1	OTL6QNHG	Strong	Biomarker	[142]
RLN2	OTY3OG71	Strong	Biomarker	[65]
RNF111	OTO3QT6Q	Strong	Biomarker	[143]
RTN1	OTCX1SMK	Strong	Biomarker	[144]
SCAI	OTAK3TMO	Strong	Altered Expression	[145]
SEMA7A	OT0ZJK64	Strong	Altered Expression	[146]
SGMS1	OTZQE7PW	Strong	Altered Expression	[79]
SKIL	OTNBXH32	Strong	Biomarker	[143]
SMN2	OT54RLO1	Strong	Altered Expression	[56]
SMOC2	OTK1EQ49	Strong	Altered Expression	[147]
SMURF1	OT5UIZR8	Strong	Altered Expression	[45]
SOCS7	OT503VJG	Strong	Biomarker	[148]
STX2	OTO2IDDR	Strong	Altered Expression	[149]
THG1L	OTUK054V	Strong	Altered Expression	[150]
TRAM1	OT3I0H8E	Strong	Biomarker	[151]
TRAP1	OTNG0L8J	Strong	Biomarker	[152]
CABIN1	OT4G5CIK	Definitive	Biomarker	[153]
CDAN1	OTCVZRG6	Definitive	Biomarker	[154]
KLF15	OTGMQMVR	Definitive	Biomarker	[155]
NOX5	OTHTH59G	Definitive	Altered Expression	[156]
NT5C1A	OTS7UF36	Definitive	Biomarker	[36]
TSPYL2	OTGGW2EF	Definitive	Biomarker	[154]

References

• [1] ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01830920) A Study of THR-184 in Patients at Risk of Developing Cardiac Surgery Associated-Acute Kidney Injury (CSA-AKI). U.S. National Institutes of Health.
• [2] Drugs and Targets in Fibrosis. Front Pharmacol. 2017 Nov 23;8:855.
• [3] Opportunities for therapeutic antibodies directed at G-protein-coupled receptors. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2017 Sep;16(9):787-810.
• [4] RIPK3 promotes kidney fibrosis via AKT-dependent ATP citrate lyase.JCI Insight. 2018 Feb 8;3(3):e94979. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.94979. eCollection 2018 Feb 8.
• [5] Complement C5a receptors C5L2 and C5aR in renal fibrosis.Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2018 Jan 1;314(1):F35-F46. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00060.2017. Epub 2017 Sep 13.
• [6] DDR1 role in fibrosis and its pharmacological targeting.Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res. 2019 Nov;1866(11):118474. doi: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.04.004. Epub 2019 Apr 5.
• [7] Loss of Histone H3 K79 Methyltransferase Dot1l Facilitates Kidney Fibrosis by Upregulating Endothelin 1 through Histone Deacetylase 2.J Am Soc Nephrol. 2020 Feb;31(2):337-349. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2019070739. Epub 2019 Dec 16.
• [8] Fibroblast growth factor 23 modifies the pharmacological effects of angiotensin receptor blockade in experimental renal fibrosis.Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2017 Jan 1;32(1):73-80. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfw105.
• [9] A Novel Inhibitor of Homeodomain Interacting Protein Kinase 2 Mitigates Kidney Fibrosis through Inhibition of the TGF-1/Smad3 Pathway.J Am Soc Nephrol. 2017 Jul;28(7):2133-2143. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2016080841. Epub 2017 Feb 20.
• [10] Role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 in the development of renal fibrosis in mouse obstructed kidney: Special references to HIF-1 dependent gene expression of profibrogenic molecules.J Pharmacol Sci. 2018 Jan;136(1):31-38. doi: 10.1016/j.jphs.2017.12.004. Epub 2017 Dec 28.
• [11] Matrix Metalloproteinases-7 and Kidney Fibrosis.Front Physiol. 2017 Feb 10;8:21. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00021. eCollection 2017.
• [12] Periostin induces kidney fibrosis after acute kidney injury via the p38 MAPK pathway.Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2019 Mar 1;316(3):F426-F437. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00203.2018. Epub 2018 Dec 12.
• [13] Renal release of N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline is part of an antifibrotic peptidergic system in the kidney.Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2019 Jan 1;316(1):F195-F203. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00270.2018. Epub 2018 Nov 7.
• [14] Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 mediates renal fibroblast activation and fibrogenesis through activation of Smad3 signaling.Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2020 Feb 1;318(2):F375-F387. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00487.2019. Epub 2019 Dec 9.
• [15] RAAS inhibitors directly reduce diabetes-induced renal fibrosis via growth factor inhibition.J Physiol. 2019 Jan;597(1):193-209. doi: 10.1113/JP277002. Epub 2018 Nov 2.
• [16] SIRT3 Facilitates Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells to Repair Diabetic Nephropathy Through Protecting Mitochondrial Homeostasis by Modulation of Mitophagy.Cell Physiol Biochem. 2018;46(4):1508-1524. doi: 10.1159/000489194. Epub 2018 Apr 19.
• [17] Sphingosine kinase 2 cooperating with Fyn promotes kidney fibroblast activation and fibrosis via STAT3 and AKT.Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis. 2018 Nov;1864(11):3824-3836. doi: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.09.007. Epub 2018 Sep 15.
• [18] Deletion of diacylglycerol-responsive TRPC genes attenuates diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting activation of the TGF1 signaling pathway.Am J Transl Res. 2017 Dec 15;9(12):5619-5630. eCollection 2017.
• [19] Disruption of CUL3-mediated ubiquitination causes proximal tubule injury and kidney fibrosis.Sci Rep. 2019 Mar 14;9(1):4596. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-40795-0.
• [20] Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Attenuates Diabetes-Induced Renal Fibrosis by Negatively Regulating TGF--p53-Smad2/3-Mediated Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition via Activation of AKT.Diabetes Metab J. 2020 Feb;44(1):158-172. doi: 10.4093/dmj.2018.0235. Epub 2019 Oct 28.
• [21] Gentiopicroside activates the bile acid receptor Gpbar1 (TGR5) to repress NF-kappaB pathway and ameliorate diabetic nephropathy.Pharmacol Res. 2020 Jan;151:104559. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104559. Epub 2019 Nov 20.
• [22] Downregulation of miR-503 in Activated Kidney Fibroblasts Disinhibits KCNN4 in an in Vitro Model of Kidney Fibrosis.Kidney Blood Press Res. 2019;44(1):113-122. doi: 10.1159/000498875. Epub 2019 Feb 22.
• [23] Blockade of myeloid differentiation 2 attenuates diabetic nephropathy by reducing activation of the renin-angiotensin system in mouse kidneys.Br J Pharmacol. 2019 Jul;176(14):2642-2657. doi: 10.1111/bph.14687. Epub 2019 May 23.
• [24] The Role of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type-1 in Fibrosis.Semin Thromb Hemost. 2017 Mar;43(2):169-177. doi: 10.1055/s-0036-1586228. Epub 2016 Aug 24.
• [25] Biglycan, a novel trigger of Th1 and Th17 cell recruitment into the kidney.Matrix Biol. 2018 Aug;68-69:293-317. doi: 10.1016/j.matbio.2017.12.002. Epub 2017 Dec 15.
• [26] Inhibition of STAT3 activation mediated by toll-like receptor 4 attenuates angiotensin II-induced renal fibrosis and dysfunction.Br J Pharmacol. 2019 Jul;176(14):2627-2641. doi: 10.1111/bph.14686. Epub 2019 May 11.
• [27] Genistein modulates NF-B-associated renal inflammation, fibrosis and podocyte abnormalities in fructose-fed rats.Eur J Pharmacol. 2011 Sep 30;667(1-3):355-64. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.06.011. Epub 2011 Jun 17.
• [28] -Arrestin-1 deficiency ameliorates renal interstitial fibrosis by blocking Wnt1/-catenin signaling in mice.J Mol Med (Berl). 2018 Jan;96(1):97-109. doi: 10.1007/s00109-017-1606-5. Epub 2017 Nov 7.
• [29] BMP-7 inhibits renal fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy via miR-21 downregulation.Life Sci. 2019 Dec 1;238:116957. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116957. Epub 2019 Oct 23.
• [30] The effects of dietary fish oil on inflammation, fibrosis and oxidative stress associated with obstructive renal injury in rats.Mol Nutr Food Res. 2011 Mar;55(3):400-10. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201000195. Epub 2010 Oct 28.
• [31] Clusterin/apolipoprotein J attenuates angiotensin II-induced renal fibrosis.PLoS One. 2014 Aug 22;9(8):e105635. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105635. eCollection 2014.
• [32] Regulation of transforming growth factor -mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition of lens epithelial cells by c-Src kinase under high glucose conditions.Exp Ther Med. 2018 Aug;16(2):1520-1528. doi: 10.3892/etm.2018.6348. Epub 2018 Jun 22.
• [33] CK2 promotes advanced glycation end products-induced expressions of fibronectin and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 via activating MRTF-A in glomerular mesangial cells.Biochem Pharmacol. 2018 Feb;148:41-51. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.12.002. Epub 2017 Dec 6.
• [34] Cardiotrophin-1 opposes renal fibrosis in mice: Potential prevention of chronic kidney disease.Acta Physiol (Oxf). 2019 Jun;226(2):e13247. doi: 10.1111/apha.13247. Epub 2019 Jan 18.
• [35] Hydrogen sulfide-producing cystathionine -lyase is critical in the progression of kidney fibrosis.Free Radic Biol Med. 2017 Nov;112:423-432. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.08.017. Epub 2017 Aug 24.
• [36] Nox2 is a mediator of chronic CsA nephrotoxicity.Am J Transplant. 2012 Aug;12(8):1997-2007. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2012.04081.x. Epub 2012 May 8.
• [37] Enhanced expression of renal endothelin-converting enzyme-1 and endothelin-A-receptor mRNA in rats with interstitial fibrosis following ureter ligation.J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2000 Nov;36(5 Suppl 1):S255-9. doi: 10.1097/00005344-200036051-00075.
• [38] Overexpression of the short endoglin isoform reduces renal fibrosis and inflammation after unilateral ureteral obstruction.Biochim Biophys Acta. 2016 Sep;1862(9):1801-14. doi: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.06.010. Epub 2016 Jun 15.
• [39] Peroxidasin and eosinophil peroxidase, but not myeloperoxidase, contribute to renal fibrosis in the murine unilateral ureteral obstruction model.Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2019 Feb 1;316(2):F360-F371. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00291.2018. Epub 2018 Dec 19.
• [40] A Newly Discovered Antifibrotic Pathway Regulated by Two Fatty Acid Receptors: GPR40 and GPR84.Am J Pathol. 2018 May;188(5):1132-1148. doi: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2018.01.009. Epub 2018 Feb 16.
• [41] Potential involvement of Fgf10/Fgfr2 and androgen receptor (AR) in renal fibrosis in adult male rat offspring subjected to prenatal exposure to di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP).Toxicol Lett. 2018 Jan 5;282:37-42. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.09.009. Epub 2017 Sep 15.
• [42] GSTA3 Attenuates Renal Interstitial Fibrosis by Inhibiting TGF-Beta-Induced Tubular Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Fibronectin Expression.PLoS One. 2016 Sep 7;11(9):e0160855. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160855. eCollection 2016.
• [43] Genomic Analysis of Kidney Allograft Injury Identifies Hematopoietic Cell Kinase as a Key Driver of Renal Fibrosis.J Am Soc Nephrol. 2017 May;28(5):1385-1393. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2016020238. Epub 2016 Dec 7.
• [44] Repetitive ischemic injuries to the kidneys result in lymph node fibrosis and impaired healing.JCI Insight. 2018 Jul 12;3(13):e120546. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.120546.
• [45] Connexin32 ameliorates renal fibrosis in diabetic mice by promoting K48-linked NADPH oxidase 4 polyubiquitination and degradation.Br J Pharmacol. 2020 Jan;177(1):145-160. doi: 10.1111/bph.14853. Epub 2019 Dec 23.
• [46] Inhibition of HDAC enhances STAT acetylation, blocks NF-B, and suppresses the renal inflammation and fibrosis in Npr1 haplotype male mice.Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2017 Sep 1;313(3):F781-F795. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00166.2017. Epub 2017 May 31.
• [47] Inhibition of Necroptosis Attenuates Kidney Inflammation and Interstitial Fibrosis Induced By Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction.Am J Nephrol. 2017;46(2):131-138. doi: 10.1159/000478746. Epub 2017 Jul 20.
• [48] PGC-1 Protects from Notch-Induced Kidney Fibrosis Development.J Am Soc Nephrol. 2017 Nov;28(11):3312-3322. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2017020130. Epub 2017 Jul 27.
• [49] Cyclophilin D promotes tubular cell damage and the development of interstitial fibrosis in the obstructed kidney.Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2018 Mar;45(3):250-260. doi: 10.1111/1440-1681.12881. Epub 2017 Dec 12.
• [50] Blocking protein phosphatase 2A signaling prevents endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition and renal fibrosis: a peptide-based drug therapy.Sci Rep. 2016 Jan 25;6:19821. doi: 10.1038/srep19821.
• [51] PGD2-CRTH2 pathway promotes tubulointerstitial fibrosis.J Am Soc Nephrol. 2012 Nov;23(11):1797-809. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2012020126. Epub 2012 Sep 20.
• [52] PDE/cAMP/Epac/C/EBP- Signaling Cascade Regulates Mitochondria Biogenesis of Tubular Epithelial Cells in Renal Fibrosis.Antioxid Redox Signal. 2018 Sep 1;29(7):637-652. doi: 10.1089/ars.2017.7041. Epub 2018 Feb 22.
• [53] The Ser/Thr kinase p90RSK promotes kidney fibrosis by modulating fibroblast-epithelial crosstalk.J Biol Chem. 2019 Jun 21;294(25):9901-9910. doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA119.007904. Epub 2019 May 10.
• [54] Novel reno-protective mechanism of Aspirin involves H2AK119 monoubiquitination and Set7 in preventing type 1 diabetic nephropathy.Pharmacol Rep. 2018 Jun;70(3):497-502. doi: 10.1016/j.pharep.2017.11.018. Epub 2017 Dec 2.
• [55] Central role of dysregulation of TGF-/Smad in CKD progression and potential targets of its treatment.Biomed Pharmacother. 2018 May;101:670-681. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.02.090. Epub 2018 Mar 22.
• [56] Assessment of renal fibrosis in a rat model of unilateral ureteral obstruction with diffusion kurtosis imaging: Comparison with -SMA expression and (18)F-FDG PET.Magn Reson Imaging. 2020 Feb;66:176-184. doi: 10.1016/j.mri.2019.08.035. Epub 2019 Sep 1.
• [57] Knockout of Sphingosine Kinase 1 Attenuates Renal Fibrosis in Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction Model.Am J Nephrol. 2019;50(3):196-203. doi: 10.1159/000502448. Epub 2019 Aug 15.
• [58] STAT6 deficiency inhibits tubulointerstitial fibrosis in obstructive nephropathy.Int J Mol Med. 2005 Feb;15(2):225-30.
• [59] Hrd1 participates in the regulation of collagen I synthesis in renal fibrosis.Mol Cell Biochem. 2014 Jan;386(1-2):35-44. doi: 10.1007/s11010-013-1843-z. Epub 2013 Oct 10.
• [60] MyD88 signaling pathway is involved in renal fibrosis by favoring a TH2 immune response and activating alternative M2 macrophages.Mol Med. 2012 Oct 24;18(1):1231-9. doi: 10.2119/molmed.2012.00131.
• [61] Apoptosis, fibrosis and senescence.Nephron Clin Pract. 2014;127(1-4):65-9. doi: 10.1159/000363717. Epub 2014 Sep 24.
• [62] MiR-135a promotes renal fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy by regulating TRPC1.Diabetologia. 2014 Aug;57(8):1726-36. doi: 10.1007/s00125-014-3282-0. Epub 2014 Jun 9.
• [63] TRPC channels: Regulation, dysregulation and contributions to chronic kidney disease.Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis. 2019 Jun 1;1865(6):1041-1066. doi: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.04.001. Epub 2019 Apr 4.
• [64] Characterization of urinary exosomal release of aquaporin-1 and -2 after renal ischemia-reperfusion in rats.Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2018 Apr 1;314(4):F584-F601. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00184.2017. Epub 2017 Dec 13.
• [65] Opposite actions of urotensin II and relaxin-2 on cellular expression of fibronectin in renal fibrosis: A preliminary experimental study.Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2017 Oct;44(10):1069-1071. doi: 10.1111/1440-1681.12798. Epub 2017 Aug 24.
• [66] Use of xanthine oxidase inhibitor febuxostat inhibits renal interstitial inflammation and fibrosis in unilateral ureteral obstructive nephropathy.Clin Exp Nephrol. 2012 Aug;16(4):549-56. doi: 10.1007/s10157-012-0609-3. Epub 2012 Feb 18.
• [67] The protective role of intermedin in promoting angiogenesis during renal fibrosis.Gene. 2019 Mar 10;688:34-43. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.11.057. Epub 2018 Nov 22.
• [68] Decorin gene delivery inhibits cardiac fibrosis in spontaneously hypertensive rats by modulation of transforming growth factor-beta/Smad and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways.Hum Gene Ther. 2009 Oct;20(10):1190-200. doi: 10.1089/hum.2008.204.
• [69] Reduction of renal tubular injury with a RAGE inhibitor FPS-ZM1, valsartan and their combination in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in the rat.Eur J Pharmacol. 2019 Jan 5;842:40-48. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.10.035. Epub 2018 Oct 26.
• [70] Cystamine and Disulfiram Inhibit Human Transglutaminase 2 via an Oxidative Mechanism.Biochemistry. 2018 Jun 19;57(24):3359-3363. doi: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00204. Epub 2018 Mar 28.
• [71] Zoledronate dysregulates fatty acid metabolism in renal tubular epithelial cells to induce nephrotoxicity. Arch Toxicol. 2018 Jan;92(1):469-485.
• [72] Dimethylarginine Dimethylaminohydrolase 1 Deficiency Induces the Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Renal Proximal Tubular Epithelial Cells and Exacerbates Kidney Damage in Aged and Diabetic Mice.Antioxid Redox Signal. 2017 Dec 1;27(16):1347-1360. doi: 10.1089/ars.2017.7022. Epub 2017 Jul 7.
• [73] The miRNA-184 drives renal fibrosis by targeting HIF1AN in vitro and in vivo.Int Urol Nephrol. 2019 Mar;51(3):543-550. doi: 10.1007/s11255-018-2025-4. Epub 2018 Dec 10.
• [74] Effects of cholecalciferol cholesterol emulsion on renal fibrosis and aquaporin 2 and 4 in mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction.Biomed Pharmacother. 2018 Jun;102:633-638. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.03.093. Epub 2018 Apr 5.
• [75] WNT1-inducible signaling protein-1 mediates TGF-1-induced renal fibrosis in tubular epithelial cells and unilateral ureteral obstruction mouse models via autophagy.J Cell Physiol. 2020 Mar;235(3):2009-2022. doi: 10.1002/jcp.29187. Epub 2019 Sep 11.
• [76] Collagen receptors integrin alpha2beta1 and discoidin domain receptor 1 regulate maturation of the glomerular basement membrane and loss of integrin alpha2beta1 delays kidney fibrosis in COL4A3 knockout mice.Matrix Biol. 2014 Feb;34:13-21. doi: 10.1016/j.matbio.2014.01.006. Epub 2014 Jan 27.
• [77] pNaKtide ameliorates renal interstitial fibrosis through inhibition of sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase-mediated signaling pathways in unilateral ureteral obstruction mice.Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2019 Feb 1;34(2):242-252. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfy107.
• [78] MKP2 suppresses TGF-1-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition through JNK inhibition.Clin Sci (Lond). 2019 Feb 13;133(3):545-550. doi: 10.1042/CS20180881. Print 2019 Feb 14.
• [79] Kindlin-2 Inhibits the Hippo Signaling Pathway by Promoting Degradation of MOB1.Cell Rep. 2019 Dec 10;29(11):3664-3677.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.11.035.
• [80] Inhibition of p300/CBP-Associated Factor Attenuates Renal Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis through Modulation of NF-kB and Nrf2.Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Mar 28;20(7):1554. doi: 10.3390/ijms20071554.
• [81] Neutralization of IL-18 by IL-18 binding protein ameliorates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis via inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition.Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2019 Jan 8;508(2):660-666. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.11.129. Epub 2018 Dec 4.
• [82] Klotho recovery by genistein via promoter histone acetylation and DNA demethylation mitigates renal fibrosis in mice.J Mol Med (Berl). 2019 Apr;97(4):541-552. doi: 10.1007/s00109-019-01759-z. Epub 2019 Feb 26.
• [83] Rapeseed protein-derived antioxidant peptide RAP alleviates renal fibrosis through MAPK/NF-B signaling pathways in diabetic nephropathy.Drug Des Devel Ther. 2018 May 15;12:1255-1268. doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S162288. eCollection 2018.
• [84] Drp1-regulated PARK2-dependent mitophagy protects against renal fibrosis in unilateral ureteral obstruction.Free Radic Biol Med. 2020 May 20;152:632-649. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.12.005. Epub 2019 Dec 9.
• [85] Vascular peroxidase 1 is a novel regulator of cardiac fibrosis after myocardial infarction.Redox Biol. 2019 Apr;22:101151. doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101151. Epub 2019 Feb 27.
• [86] Emodin ameliorates renal fibrosis in rats via TGF-1/Smad signaling pathway and function study of Smurf 2.Int Urol Nephrol. 2018 Feb;50(2):373-382. doi: 10.1007/s11255-017-1757-x. Epub 2017 Dec 11.
• [87] Maternal exposure to di-n-butyl phthalate promotes Snail1-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition of renal tubular epithelial cells via upregulation of TGF-1 during renal fibrosis in rat offspring.Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2019 Mar;169:266-272. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.10.073. Epub 2018 Nov 16.
• [88] Role of Calbindin-D28k in Diabetes-Associated Advanced Glycation End-Products-Induced Renal Proximal Tubule Cell Injury.Cells. 2019 Jun 30;8(7):660. doi: 10.3390/cells8070660.
• [89] Quantitative expression of C-type lectin receptors in humans and mice.Int J Mol Sci. 2012;13(8):10113-10131. doi: 10.3390/ijms130810113. Epub 2012 Aug 14.
• [90] Calcium-sensing receptor activation attenuates collagen expression in renal proximal tubular epithelial cells.Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2019 May 1;316(5):F1006-F1015. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00413.2018. Epub 2019 Mar 6.
• [91] Salidroside ameliorates Adriamycin nephropathy in mice by inhibiting -catenin activity.J Cell Mol Med. 2019 Jun;23(6):4443-4453. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.14340. Epub 2019 Apr 16.
• [92] Oleanolic acid attenuated diabetic mesangial cell injury by activation of autophagy via miRNA-142-5p/PTEN signaling.Cytotechnology. 2019 Oct;71(5):925-933. doi: 10.1007/s10616-019-00335-0. Epub 2019 Aug 13.
• [93] CKIP-1 affects the polyubiquitination of Nrf2 and Keap1 via mediating Smurf1 to resist HG-induced renal fibrosis in GMCs and diabetic mice kidneys.Free Radic Biol Med. 2018 Feb 1;115:338-350. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.12.013. Epub 2017 Dec 14.
• [94] A Glimpse of the Mechanisms Related to Renal Fibrosis in Diabetic Nephropathy.Adv Exp Med Biol. 2019;1165:49-79. doi: 10.1007/978-981-13-8871-2_4.
• [95] TMEM45A is involved in renal fibrosis in rats by regulating Jagged1/Notch pathway.Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2020 Jan 1;25(4):593-605. doi: 10.2741/4823.
• [96] Up-regulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene expression induces tubulointerstitial injury in reflux nephropathy.Pediatr Surg Int. 2002 Oct;18(7):635-9. doi: 10.1007/s00383-002-0857-5. Epub 2002 Sep 25.
• [97] The Atypical Chemokine Receptor 2 Limits Progressive Fibrosis after Acute Ischemic Kidney Injury.Am J Pathol. 2019 Feb;189(2):231-247. doi: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2018.09.016. Epub 2018 Nov 16.
• [98] Curcumin alleviates ischemia reperfusion-induced late kidney fibrosis through the APPL1/Akt signaling pathway.J Cell Physiol. 2018 Nov;233(11):8588-8596. doi: 10.1002/jcp.26536. Epub 2018 May 9.
• [99] ATP synthase subunit- down-regulation aggravates diabetic nephropathy.Sci Rep. 2015 Oct 9;5:14561. doi: 10.1038/srep14561.
• [100] Pericytes and immune cells contribute to complement activation in tubulointerstitial fibrosis.Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2017 Mar 1;312(3):F516-F532. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00604.2016. Epub 2017 Jan 4.
• [101] CTRP6 inhibits cell proliferation and ECM expression in rat mesangial cells cultured under TGF-1.Biomed Pharmacother. 2018 Jan;97:280-285. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.10.091. Epub 2017 Nov 6.
• [102] Complement C1r serine protease contributes to kidney fibrosis.Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2019 Nov 1;317(5):F1293-F1304. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00357.2019. Epub 2019 Sep 11.
• [103] Cadherin-9 is a novel cell surface marker for the heterogeneous pool of renal fibroblasts.PLoS One. 2007 Aug 1;2(7):e657. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000657.
• [104] ClC-5 alleviates renal fibrosis in unilateral ureteral obstruction mice.Hum Cell. 2019 Jul;32(3):297-305. doi: 10.1007/s13577-019-00253-5. Epub 2019 May 3.
• [105] Inhibition of SREBP With Fatostatin Does Not Attenuate Early Diabetic Nephropathy in Male Mice.Endocrinology. 2018 Mar 1;159(3):1479-1495. doi: 10.1210/en.2018-00093.
• [106] Identification of Tisp40 as an Essential Regulator of Renal Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis via TGF-/Smads Pathway.Cell Physiol Biochem. 2017;42(2):697-712. doi: 10.1159/000477887. Epub 2017 Jun 15.
• [107] Intrinsic renal cells induce lymphocytosis of Th22 cells from IgA nephropathy patients through B7-CTLA-4 and CCL-CCR pathways.Mol Cell Biochem. 2018 Apr;441(1-2):191-199. doi: 10.1007/s11010-017-3185-8. Epub 2017 Sep 5.
• [108] Oxidative Stress and Renal Fibrosis: Recent Insights for the Development of Novel Therapeutic Strategies.Front Physiol. 2018 Feb 16;9:105. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00105. eCollection 2018.
• [109] DLX5 gene regulates the Notch signaling pathway to promote glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis in uremic rats.J Cell Physiol. 2019 Dec;234(12):21825-21837. doi: 10.1002/jcp.28032. Epub 2019 Jul 11.
• [110] TGF1-mediated expression and alternative splicing of Fibronectin Extra Domain A in human podocyte culture.Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2018 Feb 28;64(3):17-24. doi: 10.14715/cmb/2018.64.3.4.
• [111] Sinomenine Hydrochloride Attenuates Renal Fibrosis by Inhibiting Excessive Autophagy Induced by Adriamycin: An Experimental Study.Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2017;2017:6878795. doi: 10.1155/2017/6878795. Epub 2017 Jul 17.
• [112] Knockdown of elF3a inhibits collagen synthesis in renal fibroblasts via Inhibition of transforming growth factor-1/Smad signaling pathway.Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015 Aug 1;8(8):8983-9. eCollection 2015.
• [113] Suppression of Elp2 prevents renal fibrosis and inflammation induced by unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO) via inactivating Stat3-regulated TGF-1 and NF-B pathways.Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2018 Jun 22;501(2):400-407. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.04.227.
• [114] FAN1 mutations cause karyomegalic interstitial nephritis, linking chronic kidney failure to defective DNA damage repair. Nat Genet. 2012 Jul 8;44(8):910-5. doi: 10.1038/ng.2347.
• [115] Autophagy in FOXD1 stroma-derived cells regulates renal fibrosis through TGF- and NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2019 Jan 15;508(3):965-972. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.11.090. Epub 2018 Dec 10.
• [116] Inhibition of TGF-1-receptor posttranslational core fucosylation attenuates rat renal interstitial fibrosis.Kidney Int. 2013 Jul;84(1):64-77. doi: 10.1038/ki.2013.82. Epub 2013 Mar 13.
• [117] GDF11 induces kidney fibrosis, renal cell epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and kidney dysfunction and failure.Surgery. 2018 Aug;164(2):262-273. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2018.03.008. Epub 2018 May 3.
• [118] GLIPR-2 overexpression in HK-2 cells promotes cell EMT and migration through ERK1/2 activation.PLoS One. 2013;8(3):e58574. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058574. Epub 2013 Mar 13.
• [119] Identification of nuclear localization, DNA binding, and transactivating mechanisms of Kruppel-like zinc finger protein Gli-similar 2 (Glis2).J Biol Chem. 2011 Feb 11;286(6):4749-59. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M110.165951. Epub 2010 Dec 2.
• [120] The human hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2) gene and its natural antisense RNA exhibit coordinated expression in the renal proximal tubular epithelial cell.J Biol Chem. 2011 Jun 3;286(22):19523-32. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M111.233916. Epub 2011 Feb 25.
• [121] High-Mobility Group Nucleosome-Binding Protein 1 Mediates Renal Fibrosis Correlating with Macrophages Accumulation and Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Diabetic Nephropathy Mice Model.Kidney Blood Press Res. 2019;44(3):331-343. doi: 10.1159/000499877. Epub 2019 Jun 14.
• [122] Human dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3-grabbing non-integrin downstream signaling alleviates renal fibrosis via Raf-1 activation in systemic candidiasis.Cell Mol Immunol. 2019 Mar;16(3):288-301. doi: 10.1038/s41423-018-0161-5. Epub 2018 Aug 20.
• [123] FXR/TGR5 Dual Agonist Prevents Progression of Nephropathy in Diabetes and Obesity. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2018 Jan;29(1):118-137.
• [124] Inhibition of the p38 MAPK pathway ameliorates renal fibrosis in an NPHP2 mouse model.Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2012 Apr;27(4):1351-8. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfr550. Epub 2011 Nov 9.
• [125] MAD2B-mediated SnoN downregulation is implicated in fibroblast activation and tubulointerstitial fibrosis.Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2016 Jul 1;311(1):F207-16. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00600.2015. Epub 2016 Apr 27.
• [126] Defects in MAP1S-mediated autophagy turnover of fibronectin cause renal fibrosis.Aging (Albany NY). 2016 May;8(5):977-85. doi: 10.18632/aging.100957.
• [127] Malignant fibrous histiocytoma amplified sequence 1 alleviates inflammation and renal fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting TLR4.Biosci Rep. 2019 Nov 29;39(11):BSR20190617. doi: 10.1042/BSR20190617.
• [128] MKS1, encoding a component of the flagellar apparatus basal body proteome, is mutated in Meckel syndrome.Nat Genet. 2006 Feb;38(2):155-7. doi: 10.1038/ng1714. Epub 2006 Jan 15.
• [129] Extracellular Matrix in Kidney Fibrosis: More Than Just a Scaffold.J Histochem Cytochem. 2019 Sep;67(9):643-661. doi: 10.1369/0022155419849388. Epub 2019 May 22.
• [130] MKL1 mediates TGF--induced CTGF transcription to promote renal fibrosis.J Cell Physiol. 2020 May;235(5):4790-4803. doi: 10.1002/jcp.29356. Epub 2019 Oct 21.
• [131] Lysophosphatidic acid signaling through its receptor initiates profibrotic epithelial cell fibroblast communication mediated by epithelial cell derived connective tissue growth factor.Kidney Int. 2017 Mar;91(3):628-641. doi: 10.1016/j.kint.2016.09.030. Epub 2016 Dec 4.
• [132] Increased expression of NAD(P)H oxidase subunit p67(phox) in the renal medulla contributes to excess oxidative stress and salt-sensitive hypertension.Cell Metab. 2012 Feb 8;15(2):201-8. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2012.01.003.
• [133] Adenovirus-mediated P311 ameliorates renal fibrosis through inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition via TGF-1-Smad-ILK pathway in unilateral ureteral obstruction rats.Int J Mol Med. 2018 May;41(5):3015-3023. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3485. Epub 2018 Feb 12.
• [134] Progestin and AdipoQ Receptor 3 Upregulates Fibronectin and Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 in Glomerular Mesangial Cells via Activating NF-B Signaling Pathway Under High Glucose Conditions.Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2018 Jun 7;9:275. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00275. eCollection 2018.
• [135] Whole-Exome Sequencing in Adults With Chronic Kidney Disease: A Pilot Study.Ann Intern Med. 2018 Jan 16;168(2):100-109. doi: 10.7326/M17-1319. Epub 2017 Dec 5.
• [136] Secretion of ERP57 is important for extracellular matrix accumulation and progression of renal fibrosis, and is an early sign of disease onset.J Cell Sci. 2013 Aug 15;126(Pt 16):3649-63. doi: 10.1242/jcs.125088. Epub 2013 Jun 18.
• [137] PHF14: an innate inhibitor against the progression of renal fibrosis following folic acid-induced kidney injury.Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 3;7:39888. doi: 10.1038/srep39888.
• [138] Haploinsufficiency of Pkd2 is associated with increased tubular cell proliferation and interstitial fibrosis in two murine Pkd2 models.Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2006 Aug;21(8):2078-84. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfl150. Epub 2006 May 23.
• [139] Targeting Phospholipase D4 Attenuates Kidney Fibrosis.J Am Soc Nephrol. 2017 Dec;28(12):3579-3589. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2016111222. Epub 2017 Aug 16.
• [140] Combined Blockade of Smad3 and JNK Pathways Ameliorates Progressive Fibrosis in Folic Acid Nephropathy.Front Pharmacol. 2019 Aug 9;10:880. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00880. eCollection 2019.
• [141] Response gene to complement 32 is essential for fibroblast activation in renal fibrosis.J Biol Chem. 2011 Dec 2;286(48):41323-41330. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M111.259184. Epub 2011 Oct 11.
• [142] Relaxin-1-deficient mice develop an age-related progression of renal fibrosis.Kidney Int. 2004 Jun;65(6):2054-64. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-1755.2004.00628.x.
• [143] SnoN upregulation ameliorates renal fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy.PLoS One. 2017 Mar 28;12(3):e0174471. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174471. eCollection 2017.
• [144] Knockdown of RTN1A attenuates ER stress and kidney injury in albumin overload-induced nephropathy.Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2016 Mar 1;310(5):F409-15. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00485.2015. Epub 2016 Jan 6.
• [145] Alterations in SCAI Expression during Cell Plasticity, Fibrosis and Cancer.Pathol Oncol Res. 2018 Jul;24(3):641-651. doi: 10.1007/s12253-017-0293-4. Epub 2017 Aug 16.
• [146] Semaphorin 7A in circulating regulatory T cells is increased in autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease and decreases with tolvaptan treatment.Clin Exp Nephrol. 2018 Aug;22(4):906-916. doi: 10.1007/s10157-018-1542-x. Epub 2018 Feb 16.
• [147] Silencing SMOC2 ameliorates kidney fibrosis by inhibiting fibroblast to myofibroblast transformation.JCI Insight. 2017 Apr 20;2(8):e90299. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.90299. eCollection 2017 Apr 20.
• [148] p53 induces miR199a-3p to suppress SOCS7 for STAT3 activation and renal fibrosis in UUO.Sci Rep. 2017 Feb 27;7:43409. doi: 10.1038/srep43409.
• [149] Involvement of epimorphin in the repair of experimental renal fibrosis in mice.Lab Invest. 2010 Jun;90(6):867-80. doi: 10.1038/labinvest.2010.50. Epub 2010 Mar 1.
• [150] IHG-1 amplifies TGF-1 signalling and mitochondrial biogenesis and is increased in diabetic kidney disease.Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2013 Jan;22(1):77-84. doi: 10.1097/MNH.0b013e32835b54b0.
• [151] The Ca?activated K?channel KCa3.1 as a potential new target for the prevention of allograft vasculopathy.PLoS One. 2013 Nov 29;8(11):e81006. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081006. eCollection 2013.
• [152] HSP75 inhibits TGF-1-induced apoptosis by targeting mitochondria in human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells.Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2019 Jul 12;515(1):64-71. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.05.119. Epub 2019 May 23.
• [153] Metformin Attenuates Cyclosporine A-induced Renal Fibrosis in Rats.Transplantation. 2019 Oct;103(10):e285-e296. doi: 10.1097/TP.0000000000002864.
• [154] Targeting the CDA1/CDA1BP1 Axis Retards Renal Fibrosis in Experimental Diabetic Nephropathy.Diabetes. 2019 Feb;68(2):395-408. doi: 10.2337/db18-0712. Epub 2018 Nov 13.
• [155] Krppel-like factors (KLFs) in renal physiology and disease.EBioMedicine. 2019 Feb;40:743-750. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.01.021. Epub 2019 Jan 17.
• [156] Endothelial or vascular smooth muscle cell-specific expression of human NOX5 exacerbates renal inflammation, fibrosis and albuminuria in the Akita mouse.Diabetologia. 2019 Sep;62(9):1712-1726. doi: 10.1007/s00125-019-4924-z. Epub 2019 Jun 20.