Details of the Drug-Related molecule(s) Interaction Atlas

General Information of Drug (ID: DM7NKEV)

Drug Name
Thioguanine Drug Info
Synonyms
6-thioguanine; Lanvis; THG; Tabloid; ThioguaninGSK; Tioguanin; Tioguanina; Tioguanine; Tioguaninum; Glaxo Wellcome Brand of Thioguanine; Glaxo Wellcome Brand of Tioguanine; GlaxoSmithKline Brand of Thioguanine; GlaxoSmithKline Brand of Tioguanine; Thioguanin GSK; Thioguanine Hemihydrate; Thioguanine Monosodium Salt; Thioguanine Tabloid; Tioguanina Wellcome; Tioguanine GlaxoSmithKline Brand; Wellcome Brand of Thioguanine; BW 5071; DX4; LT00455187; Wellcome U3B; Lanvis (TN); Thioguanin-GSK; Thioguanine [USAN:BAN]; Tioguanina[INN-Spanish]; Tioguanine (INN); Tioguaninum [INN-Latin]; Purine antimetabolite: antimetabolite: inhibits nucleic acid replication; Guanine, thio-(VAN); 2 Amino 6 Purinethiol; 2-Amino 6MP; 2-Amino-1,7-dihydro-6H-purin-6-thion; 2-Amino-1,7-dihydro-6H-purin-6-thion [Czech]; 2-Amino-1,7-dihydro-6H-purine-6-thione; 2-Amino-6-MP; 2-Amino-6-mercaptopurine; 2-Amino-6-merkaptopurin; 2-Amino-6-merkaptopurin [Czech]; 2-Amino-6-purinethiol; 2-Amino-9H-purine-6-thiol; 2-Aminopurin-6-thiol; 2-Aminopurin-6-thiol [Czech]; 2-Aminopurine-6(1H)-thione; 2-Aminopurine-6-thiol; 2-Thioguanine; 2-amino-3,7-dihydropurine-6-thione; 6 Thioguanine; 6-Mercapto-2-aminopurine; 6-Mercaptoguanine; 6-TG; 6-Thioguanine; 6-Thioguanine (6-TG); 6-Thioguanine, Thioguanine; Thioguanine (Guanine analog)
Indication
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Acute lymphocytic leukaemia 2B33.3 Approved [1]
Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [2]
Acute myeloid leukaemia 2A60 Approved [3]
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) 1D64 Preclinical [4]
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) 1D65 Preclinical [4]
Therapeutic Class
Anticancer Agents
Cross-matching ID
PubChem CID
2723601
ChEBI ID
CHEMBL9555
CAS Number
CAS 154-42-7
TTD Drug ID
DM7NKEV
VARIDT Drug ID
DR00510
INTEDE Drug ID
DR1597
ACDINA Drug ID
D00671

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas
Molecule Type:
DTT
DTP
DME
DOT
Drug Status:
Approved Drug(s)
Clinical Trial Drug(s)
Discontinued Drug(s)
Investigative Drug(s)
Download the Complete Related Drug List
Drug(s) Targeting MERS-CoV papain-like proteinase (PL-PRO)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Disulfiram DMCL2OK Alcohol dependence 6C40.2 Approved [14]
Mercaptopurine DMTM2IK Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [4]
Mycophenolic acid DMRBMAU Crohn disease DD70 Approved [15]
PMID30940566-compound-6 DMXCKL9 Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) 1D64 Preclinical [16]
Drug(s) Targeting Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Enteric-coated mycophenolate sodium DMK659W Transplant rejection NE84 Approved [17]
VX-944 DME321B Solid tumour/cancer 2A00-2F9Z Phase 2 [18]
IMS DMFACQU Inflammatory bowel disease DD72 Discontinued in Phase 1 [19]
R-1518 DM2J5AO Hepatitis C virus infection 1E51.1 Discontinued in Phase 1 [20]
EPB-415 DMBLSX3 Hepatitis C virus infection 1E51.1 Investigative [21]
Drug(s) Targeting SARS-CoV papain-like proteinase (PL-PRO)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Disulfiram DMCL2OK Alcohol dependence 6C40.2 Approved [14]
Mercaptopurine DMTM2IK Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [4]
GRL-0667 DML09OS Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) 1D65 Investigative [22]
PMID20527968-compound-6577871 DMI30V7 Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) 1D65 Investigative [22]
Drug(s) Transported By Breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Doxorubicin DMVP5YE Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [23]
Methotrexate DM2TEOL Anterior urethra cancer Approved [24]
Folic Acid DMEMBJC Colorectal carcinoma Approved [25]
Fluorouracil DMUM7HZ Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [26]
Cisplatin DMRHGI9 Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [27]
Progesterone DMUY35B Amenorrhea GA20.0 Approved [28]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [29]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [28]
Sulfasalazine DMICA9H Irritable bowel syndrome DD91.0 Approved [30]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [31]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Transported By Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 (ABCC4)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Methotrexate DM2TEOL Anterior urethra cancer Approved [32]
Folic Acid DMEMBJC Colorectal carcinoma Approved [33]
Fluorouracil DMUM7HZ Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [34]
Dinoprostone DMTYOPD Medical abortion JA00.1Z Approved [35]
Zidovudine DM4KI7O Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [36]
Prasterone DM67VKL Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Approved [37]
Irinotecan DMP6SC2 Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [38]
Mercaptopurine DMTM2IK Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [39]
Glutathione DMAHMT9 Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [40]
Ganciclovir DM1MBYQ Cytomegalovirus infection 1D82 Approved [36]
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Drug(s) Transported By Concentrative Na(+)-nucleoside cotransporter 3 (SLC28A3)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Mercaptopurine DMTM2IK Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [6]
Entecavir DM7VTQO Hepatitis B virus infection 1E51.0 Approved [41]
Ribavirin DMEYLH9 Hepatitis C virus infection 1E51.1 Approved [42]
Clofarabine DMCVJ86 Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [43]
Drug(s) Metabolized By Thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Methotrexate DM2TEOL Anterior urethra cancer Approved [44]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [45]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [46]
Mercaptopurine DMTM2IK Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [47]
Ergotidine DM78IME Osteoarthritis FA00-FA05 Approved [48]
Vitamin C DMXJ7O8 Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [49]
Cefazolin DMPDYFR Bacteremia 1A73 Approved [50]
Epinephrine DM3KJBC Acute asthma CA23 Approved [51]
Levodopa DMN3E57 Parkinson disease 8A00.0 Approved [52]
Azathioprine DMMZSXQ Lupus nephritis 4A40.0Y Approved [53]
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Drug(s) Affected By Occludin (OCLN)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Infectious disease 1A00-CA43.1 Approved [54]
Methotrexate DM2TEOL Anterior urethra cancer Approved [55]
Quercetin DM3NC4M Obesity 5B81 Approved [56]
Tretinoin DM49DUI Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [57]
Arsenic trioxide DM61TA4 Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [58]
Testosterone DM7HUNW Hot flushes GA30 Approved [59]
Calcitriol DM8ZVJ7 Congenital alopecia LC30 Approved [60]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [61]
Ethanol DMDRQZU Chronic pain MG30 Approved [62]
Hydrocortisone DMGEMB7 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [63]
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Drug(s) Affected By ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 5 (ABCC5)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Methotrexate DM2TEOL Anterior urethra cancer Approved [64]
Pemetrexed DMMX2E6 Central nervous system lymphoma 2B33.5 Approved [11]
Fluorouracil DMUM7HZ Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [34]
Fulvestrant DM0YZC6 Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [65]
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Infectious disease 1A00-CA43.1 Approved [66]
Zidovudine DM4KI7O Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [67]
Rifampicin DM5DSFZ Non-insulin dependent diabetes 5A11 Approved [68]
Arsenic trioxide DM61TA4 Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [69]
Aspirin DM672AH Acute coronary syndrome BA41 Approved [70]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [61]
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Drug(s) Affected By Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 2 (BIRC2)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Paclitaxel DMLB81S Breast carcinoma Approved [71]
Aprepitant DM053KT Depression 6A70-6A7Z Approved [72]
Simvastatin DM30SGU Arteriosclerosis BD40 Approved [73]
Tretinoin DM49DUI Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [74]
Crizotinib DM4F29C Non-small-cell lung cancer 2C25.Y Approved [75]
Chlorpromazine DMBGZI3 Acute intermittent hepatic porphyria 5C58.11 Approved [76]
Arsenic trioxide DM61TA4 Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [77]
Trovafloxacin DM6AN32 Acute gonococcal cervicitis Approved [78]
Etodolac DM6WJO9 Osteoarthritis FA00-FA05 Approved [79]
Calcitriol DM8ZVJ7 Congenital alopecia LC30 Approved [80]
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Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Molecular Interaction Atlas
Download the Complete Interaction Atlas for Visualization in Cytoscape

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) TTCAQMW NOUNIPROTAC Intercalator [5]
MERS-CoV papain-like proteinase (PL-PRO) TTYJOLE R1AB_CVEMC (854-2740) Inhibitor [4]
SARS-CoV papain-like proteinase (PL-PRO) TTRGHB2 R1AB_CVHSA (819-2740) Inhibitor [4]

Drug Transporter (DTP)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Concentrative Na(+)-nucleoside cotransporter 3 (SLC28A3) DT4YL5R S28A3_HUMAN Substrate [6]
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 (ABCC4) DTCSGPB MRP4_HUMAN Substrate [7]
Breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2) DTI7UX6 ABCG2_HUMAN Substrate [8]

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT1) DEVXTP5 HPRT_HUMAN Substrate [9]
Thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) DEFQ8VO TPMT_HUMAN Substrate [10]

Drug Off-Target (DOT)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Interaction REF
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 5 (ABCC5) OT34G4US MRP5_HUMAN Drug Response [11]
Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 2 (BIRC2) OTFXFREP BIRC2_HUMAN Drug Response [12]
Occludin (OCLN) OTSUTVWL OCLN_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [13]

References

1 Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
2 Thioguanine FDA Label
3 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 6845).
4 Thiopurine analogs and mycophenolic acid synergistically inhibit the papain-like protease of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Antiviral Res. 2015 Mar;115:9-16.
5 Immune effector cells produce lethal DNA damage in cells treated with a thiopurine. Cancer Res. 2009 Mar 15;69(6):2393-9.
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10 Usefulness of thiopurine methyltransferase and thiopurine metabolite analysis in clinical practice in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. Acta Gastroenterol Belg. 2010 Jul-Sep;73(3):331-5.
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22 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus papain-like novel protease inhibitors: design, synthesis, protein-ligand X-ray structure and biologic... J Med Chem. 2010 Jul 8;53(13):4968-79.
23 Doxorubicin transport by RALBP1 and ABCG2 in lung and breast cancer. Int J Oncol. 2007 Mar;30(3):717-25.
24 Wild-type breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) is a methotrexate polyglutamate transporter. Cancer Res. 2003 Sep 1;63(17):5538-43.
25 The effect of low pH on breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2)-mediated transport of methotrexate, 7-hydroxymethotrexate, methotrexate diglutamate, folic acid, mitoxantrone, topotecan, and resveratrol in in vitro drug transport models. Mol Pharmacol. 2007 Jan;71(1):240-9.
26 Role of BCRP as a biomarker for predicting resistance to 5-fluorouracil in breast cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2009 May;63(6):1103-10.
27 Inhibiting the function of ABCB1 and ABCG2 by the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor AG1478. Biochem Pharmacol. 2009 Mar 1;77(5):781-93.
28 Sterol transport by the human breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2) expressed in Lactococcus lactis. J Biol Chem. 2003 Jun 6;278(23):20645-51.
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32 Interaction of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with multidrug resistance protein (MRP) 2/ABCC2- and MRP4/ABCC4-mediated methotrexate transport. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2007 Jan;320(1):229-35.
33 Analysis of methotrexate and folate transport by multidrug resistance protein 4 (ABCC4): MRP4 is a component of the methotrexate efflux system. Cancer Res. 2002 Jun 1;62(11):3144-50.
34 ATP-binding cassette C transporters in human pancreatic carcinoma cell lines. Upregulation in 5-fluorouracil-resistant cells. Pancreatology. 2009;9(1-2):136-44.
35 The human multidrug resistance protein MRP4 functions as a prostaglandin efflux transporter and is inhibited by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Aug 5;100(16):9244-9.
36 Human intestinal transporter database: QSAR modeling and virtual profiling of drug uptake, efflux and interactions. Pharm Res. 2013 Apr;30(4):996-1007.
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39 Polymorphisms in multidrug resistance-associated protein gene 4 is associated with outcome in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood. 2009 Aug 13;114(7):1383-6.
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41 Multiple SLC and ABC Transporters Contribute to the Placental Transfer of Entecavir. Drug Metab Dispos. 2017 Mar;45(3):269-278.
42 Kinetic study of anti-viral ribavirin uptake mediated by hCNT3 and hENT1 in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Biophys Chem. 2010 Mar;147(1-2):59-65.
43 Cytarabine-resistant leukemia cells are moderately sensitive to clofarabine in vitro. Anticancer Res. 2014 Apr;34(4):1657-62.
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45 Polymorphism of estrogen metabolism genes and cataract. Med Hypotheses. 2004;63(3):494-7.
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50 Cefazolin administration and 2-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole-5-thiol in human tissue: possible relationship to hypoprothrombinemia. Drug Metab Dispos. 2002 Oct;30(10):1123-8.
51 Adrenal catecholamines and their metabolism in the vitamin A deficient rat. Ann Nutr Metab. 1983;27(3):220-7.
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53 Nodular regenerative liver hyperplasia as a complication of azathioprine-containing immunosuppressive treatment for Crohn's disease. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2011 Jun;33(2):398-402.
54 Protective effect of quercetin on hydrogen peroxide-induced tight junction disruption. Int J Toxicol. 2010 Jul;29(4):418-24. doi: 10.1177/1091581810366487. Epub 2010 May 5.
55 Development of an alternative zebrafish model for drug-induced intestinal toxicity. J Appl Toxicol. 2018 Feb;38(2):259-273. doi: 10.1002/jat.3520. Epub 2017 Oct 13.
56 Quercetin enhances intestinal barrier function through the assembly of zonula [corrected] occludens-2, occludin, and claudin-1 and the expression of claudin-4 in Caco-2 cells. J Nutr. 2009 May;139(5):965-74. doi: 10.3945/jn.108.100867. Epub 2009 Mar 18.
57 Transcriptional and Metabolic Dissection of ATRA-Induced Granulocytic Differentiation in NB4 Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Cells. Cells. 2020 Nov 5;9(11):2423. doi: 10.3390/cells9112423.
58 Arsenite-induced downregulation of occludin in mouse lungs and BEAS-2B cells via the ROS/ERK/ELK1/MLCK and ROS/p38 MAPK signaling pathways. Toxicol Lett. 2020 Oct 10;332:146-154. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.07.010. Epub 2020 Jul 16.
59 The exosome-like vesicles derived from androgen exposed-prostate stromal cells promote epithelial cells proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2021 Jan 15;411:115384. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115384. Epub 2020 Dec 25.
60 Identification of vitamin D3 target genes in human breast cancer tissue. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2016 Nov;164:90-97.
61 Human embryonic stem cell-derived test systems for developmental neurotoxicity: a transcriptomics approach. Arch Toxicol. 2013 Jan;87(1):123-43.
62 Ethanol impairs intestinal barrier function in humans through mitogen activated protein kinase signaling: a combined in vivo and in vitro approach. PLoS One. 2014 Sep 16;9(9):e107421. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107421. eCollection 2014.
63 Hydrocortisone enhances the barrier properties of HBMEC/ci, a brain microvascular endothelial cell line, through mesenchymal-to-endothelial transition-like effects. Fluids Barriers CNS. 2015 Mar 5;12:7. doi: 10.1186/s12987-015-0003-0. eCollection 2015.
64 Methotrexate normalizes up-regulated folate pathway genes in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2013 Nov;65(11):2791-802.
65 Estrogen regulation in human breast cancer cells of new downstream gene targets involved in estrogen metabolism, cell proliferation and cell transformation. J Mol Endocrinol. 2004 Apr;32(2):397-414.
66 Minimal peroxide exposure of neuronal cells induces multifaceted adaptive responses. PLoS One. 2010 Dec 17;5(12):e14352. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0014352.
67 ATP binding cassette multidrug transporters limit the anti-HIV activity of zidovudine and indinavir in infected human macrophages. Antivir Ther. 2004 Aug;9(4):519-28.
68 Expression and transcriptional regulation of ABC transporters and cytochromes P450 in hCMEC/D3 human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 2009 Mar 1;77(5):897-909.
69 Essential role of cell cycle regulatory genes p21 and p27 expression in inhibition of breast cancer cells by arsenic trioxide. Med Oncol. 2011 Dec;28(4):1225-54.
70 Prolonged use of aspirin alters human and rat intestinal cells and thereby limits the absorption of clopidogrel. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2011 Oct;90(4):612-9. doi: 10.1038/clpt.2011.163. Epub 2011 Sep 7.
71 Resveratrol modifies the expression of apoptotic regulatory proteins and sensitizes non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and multiple myeloma cell lines to paclitaxel-induced apoptosis. Mol Cancer Ther. 2004 Jan;3(1):71-84.
72 Neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) inhibition sensitizes APL cells to anti-tumor effect of arsenic trioxide via restriction of NF-B axis: Shedding new light on resistance to Aprepitant. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2018 Oct;103:105-114. doi: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.08.010. Epub 2018 Aug 23.
73 Simvastatin induces apoptosis in human colon cancer cells and in tumor xenografts, and attenuates colitis-associated colon cancer in mice. Int J Cancer. 2008 Aug 15;123(4):951-7. doi: 10.1002/ijc.23593.
74 Benzodithiophenes potentiate differentiation of acute promyelocytic leukemia cells by lowering the threshold for ligand-mediated corepressor/coactivator exchange with retinoic acid receptor alpha and enhancing changes in all-trans-retinoic acid-regulated gene expression. Cancer Res. 2005 Sep 1;65(17):7856-65. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-1056.
75 Antitumor action of the MET tyrosine kinase inhibitor crizotinib (PF-02341066) in gastric cancer positive for MET amplification. Mol Cancer Ther. 2012 Jul;11(7):1557-64. doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-11-0934. Epub 2012 Jun 22.
76 The antipsychotic chlorpromazine suppresses YAP signaling, stemness properties, and drug resistance in breast cancer cells. Chem Biol Interact. 2019 Apr 1;302:28-35. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.01.033. Epub 2019 Jan 28.
77 Inhibition of PI3K pathway using BKM120 intensified the chemo-sensitivity of breast cancer cells to arsenic trioxide (ATO). Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2019 Nov;116:105615. doi: 10.1016/j.biocel.2019.105615. Epub 2019 Sep 17.
78 The hepatotoxic fluoroquinolone trovafloxacin disturbs TNF- and LPS-induced p65 nuclear translocation in vivo and in vitro. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2020 Mar 15;391:114915. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.114915. Epub 2020 Feb 6.
79 Etodolac inhibits EBER expression and induces Bcl-2-regulated apoptosis in Burkitt's lymphoma cells. Eur J Haematol. 2005 Sep;75(3):212-20. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.2005.00498.x.
80 Apoptosis induction by 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in prostate cancer. Mol Cancer Ther. 2002 Jul;1(9):667-77.