General Information of Drug (ID: DMWQ16I)

Drug Name
Primaquine Drug Info
Synonyms
Kanaprim; Primachin; Primachina; Primachinum; Primaquin; Primaquina; Primaquinum; Primachina [DCIT]; SN 13272; WR 2975; Dl-Primaquine; Kanaprim (TN); Neo-Quipenyl; Primaquina [INN-Spanish]; Primaquine (INN); Primaquine Bis-Phosphoric Acid; Primaquine [INN:BAN]; Primaquinum [INN-Latin]; SN 13,272; TG1-296; TG1-297; Ethylbutylamino)-6-methoxyquinoline; S. N. 13272; N4-(6-Methoxy-8-quinolinyl)-1,4-pentanediamine; Quinoline, 8-(4-amino-1-methylbutylamino)-6-methoxy; N(4)-(6-methoxyquinolin-8-yl)pentane-1,4-diamine; N-(5-aminopentan-2-yl)-6-methoxyquinolin-8-amine; N~4~-[6-(methyloxy)quinolin-8-yl]pentane-1,4-diamine; Quinoline, 8-[(4-amino-1-methylbutyl)amino]-6-methoxy-(6CI,8CI); (+)-N4-(6-Methoxy-8-quinolinyl)-1,4-pentanediamine; (+)-Primaquine; (+/-)-Primaquine; (-)-N4-(6-Methoxy-8-quinolinyl)-1,4-pentanediamine; (-)-Primaquine; 1,4-Pentanediamine, N4-(6-methoxy-8-quinolinyl)-(9CI); 4-N-(6-methoxyquinolin-8-yl)pentane-1,4-diamine; 6-Methoxy-8-(4-amino-1-methylbutylamino)quinoline; 6-Methoxy-8-[(4-amino-1-methylbutyl)amino]quinoline; 6-Methoxy-8-[4-amino-1-methylbutylamino]quinoline; 8-((4-Amino-1-methylbutyl)amino)-6-methoxyquinoline; 8-(4-Amino-1-m; 8-(4-Amino-1-methylbutylamino)-6-methoxyquinoline; 8-[(4-Amino-1-methylbutyl)amino]-6-methoxyquinoline
Indication
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Malaria 1F40-1F45 Approved [1]
Therapeutic Class
Antimalarials
Cross-matching ID
PubChem CID
4908
ChEBI ID
CHEBI:8405
CAS Number
CAS 90-34-6
TTD Drug ID
DMWQ16I
INTEDE Drug ID
DR1339
ACDINA Drug ID
D00554

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas
Molecule Type:
DTT
DME
DOT
Drug Status:
Approved Drug(s)
Clinical Trial Drug(s)
Investigative Drug(s)
Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Doxorubicin DMVP5YE Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [11]
Progesterone DMUY35B Amenorrhea GA20.0 Approved [12]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [13]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [14]
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [15]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [16]
Etoposide DMNH3PG Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [17]
Zidovudine DM4KI7O Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [18]
Prasterone DM67VKL Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Approved [12]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [19]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Fluorouracil DMUM7HZ Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [20]
Dinoprostone DMTYOPD Medical abortion JA00.1Z Approved [21]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [22]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [23]
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [24]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [25]
Etoposide DMNH3PG Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [17]
Oxaliplatin DMQNWRD Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [26]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [27]
Diclofenac DMPIHLS Chronic renal failure GB61.Z Approved [28]
Zolmitriptan DM1IB4Q Migraine 8A80 Approved [29]
Rofecoxib DM3P5DA Osteoarthritis FA00-FA05 Approved [29]
Etoricoxib DM6A4NW Rheumatoid arthritis FA20 Approved [29]
Capsaicin DMGMF6V Back pain ME84.Z Approved [30]
Hesperetin DMKER83 High blood cholesterol level 5C80.00 Approved [31]
Stiripentol DMMSDOY Dravet syndrome 8A61.11 Approved [32]
Nifedipine DMSVOZT Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [33]
Zileuton DMVRIC2 Allergic asthma CA23.0 Approved [34]
Nicotine DMWX5CO Lung cancer 2C25.0 Approved [35]
Clonidine DM6RZ9Q Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 6A05.Z Approved [36]
⏷ Show the Full List of 20 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Affected By Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Amodiaquine DME4RA8 Malaria 1F40-1F45 Approved [7]
Riluzole DMECBWN Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 8B60.0 Approved [37]
Flutamide DMK0O7U Prostate cancer 2C82.0 Approved [38]
Menadione DMSJDTY Vitamin K deficiency 5B59 Approved [39]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [40]
Troglitazone DM3VFPD Diabetic complication 5A2Y Approved [41]
Ethacrynic acid DM60QMR Edema MG29 Approved [42]
Marinol DM70IK5 Anorexia nervosa cachexia 6B80 Approved [43]
Ethinyl Estradiol DMODJ40 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [44]
Clofibrate DMPC1J7 Dysbetalipoproteinemia 5C80.2 Approved [45]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Affected By Cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Flutamide DMK0O7U Prostate cancer 2C82.0 Approved [37]
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Infectious disease 1A00-CA43.1 Approved [46]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [47]
Progesterone DMUY35B Amenorrhea GA20.0 Approved [48]
Estrone DM5T6US Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [49]
Melatonin DMKWFBT Depression 6A70-6A7Z Approved [50]
Vitamin A DMJ2AH4 Night blindness 9D45 Approved [51]
Amodiaquine DME4RA8 Malaria 1F40-1F45 Approved [52]
Daunorubicin DMQUSBT Acute monocytic leukemia Approved [53]
Pantothenic acid DM091H2 Vitamin deficiency 5B55-5B71 Approved [54]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Affected By Bile salt export pump (ABCB11)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Glimepiride DM5FSJA Diabetic complication 5A2Y Approved [6]
Ezetimibe DM7A8TW Atherosclerosis BD40 Approved [55]
Glipizide DMZA5PQ Diabetic complication 5A2Y Approved [55]
Bosentan DMIOGBU Pulmonary arterial hypertension BB01.0 Approved [56]
Indinavir DM0T3YH Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [6]
Ofloxacin DM0VQN3 Acute gonococcal cervicitis Approved [55]
Primidone DM0WX6I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [57]
Gefitinib DM15F0X Colon adenocarcinoma Approved [6]
Drospirenone DM1A9W3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [58]
Nitrendipine DM21C09 Hypertension BA00-BA04 Approved [6]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Affected By Proepiregulin (EREG)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Cannabidiol DM0659E Dravet syndrome 8A61.11 Approved [59]
Fexofenadine DM17ONX Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [5]
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Infectious disease 1A00-CA43.1 Approved [60]
Lumiracoxib DM1S4AG Chronic renal failure GB61.Z Approved [5]
Clavulanate DM2FGRT Bacteremia 1A73 Approved [5]
Methotrexate DM2TEOL Anterior urethra cancer Approved [61]
Quercetin DM3NC4M Obesity 5B81 Approved [62]
Troglitazone DM3VFPD Diabetic complication 5A2Y Approved [63]
Tretinoin DM49DUI Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [64]
Penbutolol DM4ES8F Hypertension BA00-BA04 Approved [5]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Affected By Interleukin-1 alpha (IL1A)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Cannabidiol DM0659E Dravet syndrome 8A61.11 Approved [65]
Primidone DM0WX6I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [5]
Fexofenadine DM17ONX Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [5]
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Infectious disease 1A00-CA43.1 Approved [66]
Clavulanate DM2FGRT Bacteremia 1A73 Approved [5]
Methotrexate DM2TEOL Anterior urethra cancer Approved [67]
Quercetin DM3NC4M Obesity 5B81 Approved [68]
Rofecoxib DM3P5DA Osteoarthritis FA00-FA05 Approved [5]
Troglitazone DM3VFPD Diabetic complication 5A2Y Approved [41]
Tretinoin DM49DUI Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [69]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Affected By Interleukin-1 beta (IL1B)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Cannabidiol DM0659E Dravet syndrome 8A61.11 Approved [70]
Fulvestrant DM0YZC6 Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [71]
Gefitinib DM15F0X Colon adenocarcinoma Approved [72]
Fexofenadine DM17ONX Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [5]
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Infectious disease 1A00-CA43.1 Approved [73]
Lumiracoxib DM1S4AG Chronic renal failure GB61.Z Approved [5]
Imiquimod DM1TMA3 Alopecia areata ED70.2 Approved [74]
Selenium DM25CGV N. A. N. A. Approved [75]
Ribavirin DMEYLH9 Hepatitis C virus infection 1E51.1 Approved [76]
Spironolactone DM2AQ5N Chronic heart failure BD1Z Approved [77]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Affected By Antileukoproteinase (SLPI)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Primidone DM0WX6I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [5]
Fexofenadine DM17ONX Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [5]
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Infectious disease 1A00-CA43.1 Approved [60]
Lumiracoxib DM1S4AG Chronic renal failure GB61.Z Approved [5]
Clavulanate DM2FGRT Bacteremia 1A73 Approved [5]
Rofecoxib DM3P5DA Osteoarthritis FA00-FA05 Approved [5]
Troglitazone DM3VFPD Diabetic complication 5A2Y Approved [5]
Tretinoin DM49DUI Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [69]
Penbutolol DM4ES8F Hypertension BA00-BA04 Approved [5]
Nefazodone DM4ZS8M Major depressive disorder 6A70.3 Approved [5]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Affected By Interleukin-8 (CXCL8)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Hydrocortisone DMGEMB7 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [78]
Nicotine DMWX5CO Lung cancer 2C25.0 Approved [79]
Cannabidiol DM0659E Dravet syndrome 8A61.11 Approved [80]
Pantothenic acid DM091H2 Vitamin deficiency 5B55-5B71 Approved [54]
Mechlorethamine DM0CVXA Chronic myelogenous leukaemia 2A20.0 Approved [81]
Fulvestrant DM0YZC6 Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [71]
Fexofenadine DM17ONX Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [5]
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Infectious disease 1A00-CA43.1 Approved [73]
Nitric Oxide DM1RBYG Hypertension BA00-BA04 Approved [82]
Lumiracoxib DM1S4AG Chronic renal failure GB61.Z Approved [5]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Affected By Tissue factor (F3)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Cannabidiol DM0659E Dravet syndrome 8A61.11 Approved [83]
Primidone DM0WX6I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [84]
Methotrexate DM2TEOL Anterior urethra cancer Approved [85]
Dactinomycin DM2YGNW Adult kidney Wilms tumor Approved [86]
Simvastatin DM30SGU Arteriosclerosis BD40 Approved [87]
Quercetin DM3NC4M Obesity 5B81 Approved [88]
Fructose DM43AN2 Vomiting MD90 Approved [89]
Tretinoin DM49DUI Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [90]
Crizotinib DM4F29C Non-small-cell lung cancer 2C25.Y Approved [84]
Cyclophosphamide DM4O2Z7 Advanced cancer 2A00-2F9Z Approved [91]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Paclitaxel DMLB81S Breast carcinoma Approved [92]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [93]
Methysergide DM1EF73 Migraine 8A80 Approved [57]
Clavulanate DM2FGRT Bacteremia 1A73 Approved [94]
Methotrexate DM2TEOL Anterior urethra cancer Approved [95]
Lapatinib DM3BH1Y Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [57]
Quercetin DM3NC4M Obesity 5B81 Approved [62]
obeticholic acid DM3Q1SM Primary biliary cholangitis DB96.1 Approved [96]
Troglitazone DM3VFPD Diabetic complication 5A2Y Approved [97]
Omeprazole DM471KJ Cystic fibrosis CA25 Approved [98]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Quercetin DM3NC4M Obesity 5B81 Approved [99]
Aspirin DM672AH Acute coronary syndrome BA41 Approved [100]
Ciclosporin DMAZJFX Graft-versus-host disease 4B24 Approved [101]
Testosterone enanthate DMB6871 N. A. N. A. Approved [102]
Disulfiram DMCL2OK Alcohol dependence 6C40.2 Approved [9]
Resveratrol DM3RWXL Giant cell arteritis 4A44.2 Phase 3 [103]
Tocopherol DMBIJZ6 N. A. N. A. Phase 2 [104]
Benzo(a)pyrene DMN7J43 N. A. N. A. Phase 1 [105]
Butanoic Acid DMTAJP7 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [106]
⏷ Show the Full List of 9 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Affected By Interleukin-24 (IL24)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Cannabidiol DM0659E Dravet syndrome 8A61.11 Approved [65]
Primidone DM0WX6I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [5]
Fulvestrant DM0YZC6 Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [71]
Lumiracoxib DM1S4AG Chronic renal failure GB61.Z Approved [5]
Clavulanate DM2FGRT Bacteremia 1A73 Approved [5]
Sulindac DM2QHZU Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [107]
Troglitazone DM3VFPD Diabetic complication 5A2Y Approved [63]
Tretinoin DM49DUI Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [108]
Penbutolol DM4ES8F Hypertension BA00-BA04 Approved [5]
Isotretinoin DM4QTBN Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [108]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [109]
Cyclophosphamide DM4O2Z7 Advanced cancer 2A00-2F9Z Approved [36]
Cannabidiol DM0659E Dravet syndrome 8A61.11 Approved [110]
Fulvestrant DM0YZC6 Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [111]
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Infectious disease 1A00-CA43.1 Approved [112]
Clavulanate DM2FGRT Bacteremia 1A73 Approved [94]
Quercetin DM3NC4M Obesity 5B81 Approved [62]
Tretinoin DM49DUI Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [108]
Isotretinoin DM4QTBN Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [113]
Isoniazid DM5JVS3 Latent tuberculosis infection Approved [114]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Affected By Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Fomepizole DM6VOWQ Athylene glycol or methanol poisoning NE61 Approved [115]
Ademetionine DMYQDBO Hepatic fibrosis DB93.0 Approved [116]
Theophylline DMRJFN9 Bronchitis CA20 Approved [36]
Rifampicin DM5DSFZ Non-insulin dependent diabetes 5A11 Approved [117]
Ethanol DMDRQZU Chronic pain MG30 Approved [118]
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [119]
Phenobarbital DMXZOCG Cluster headache 8A81.0 Approved [120]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [121]
Didanosine DMI2QPE Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [36]
Thioridazine DM35M8J Schizophrenia 6A20 Approved [122]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Affected By Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Sertraline DM0FB1J Coronary heart disease BA80.Z Approved [123]
Ritonavir DMU764S Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [124]
Rifampicin DM5DSFZ Non-insulin dependent diabetes 5A11 Approved [98]
Thalidomide DM70BU5 Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma Approved [125]
Phenytoin DMNOKBV Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [126]
Clopidogrel DMOL54H Acute coronary syndrome BA41 Approved [127]
Artemisinin DMOY7W3 Malaria 1F40-1F45 Approved [128]
Malathion DMXZ84M Pediculus capitis infestation 1G00.0 Approved [129]
Phenobarbital DMXZOCG Cluster headache 8A81.0 Approved [130]
Permethrin DMZ0Q1G Pediculus capitis infestation 1G00.0 Approved [131]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Affected By Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Infectious disease 1A00-CA43.1 Approved [132]
Paliperidone DM7NPJS Psychotic disorder 6A20-6A25 Approved [133]
Dopamine DMPGUCF Acromegaly 5A60.0 Approved [134]
Cannabidiol DM0659E Dravet syndrome 8A61.11 Approved [135]
Oxatomide DM1F42Z Hay fever CA08.00 Approved [136]
Cinacalcet DMCX0K3 Hyperparathyroidism 5A51 Approved [137]
Capsaicin DMGMF6V Back pain ME84.Z Approved [30]
Pentamidine DMHZJCG African trypanosomiasis 1F51 Approved [138]
Quinidine DMLPICK N. A. N. A. Approved [139]
Buprenorphine DMPRI8G Opioid dependence 6C43.2Z Approved [140]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Molecular Interaction Atlas

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Plasmodium Deoxyribonucleic acid (Malaria DNA) TT698WO NOUNIPROTAC Not Available [2]

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) DE4LYSA CP3A4_HUMAN Substrate [3]
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) DEJGDUW CP1A2_HUMAN Substrate [4]

Drug Off-Target (DOT)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Interaction REF
Antileukoproteinase (SLPI) OTUNFUU8 SLPI_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [5]
Bile salt export pump (ABCB11) OTRU7THO ABCBB_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [6]
Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) OTE4EFH8 CP1A1_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [7]
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) OTLLBX48 CP1A2_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [7]
Cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) OTYXFLSD CP1B1_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [8]
Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6) OTOYO4S7 CP2B6_HUMAN Regulation of Drug Effects [9]
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) OTZJC802 CP2D6_HUMAN Regulation of Drug Effects [9]
Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) OTHQ17JG CP2E1_HUMAN Regulation of Drug Effects [9]
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase (G6PD) OT300SMK G6PD_HUMAN Drug Response [10]
Hemoglobin subunit gamma-2 (HBG2) OT4J48JJ HBG2_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [9]

References

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5 An in vitro coculture system of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with hepatocellular carcinoma-derived cells for predicting drug-induced liver injury. Arch Toxicol. 2021 Jan;95(1):149-168. doi: 10.1007/s00204-020-02882-4. Epub 2020 Aug 20.
6 Interference with bile salt export pump function is a susceptibility factor for human liver injury in drug development. Toxicol Sci. 2010 Dec; 118(2):485-500.
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8 Time-dependent transcriptional induction of CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and CYP1B1 mRNAs by H+/K+ -ATPase inhibitors and other xenobiotics. Xenobiotica. 2003 Feb;33(2):107-18.
9 Cytochrome P(450)-dependent toxic effects of primaquine on human erythrocytes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2009 Nov 15;241(1):14-22. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2009.07.012. Epub 2009 Jul 17.
10 Understanding the mechanisms for metabolism-linked hemolytic toxicity of primaquine against glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficient human erythrocytes: evaluation of eryptotic pathway. Toxicology. 2012 Mar 29;294(1):54-60. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2012.01.015. Epub 2012 Feb 6.
11 Expression levels and activation of a PXR variant are directly related to drug resistance in osteosarcoma cell lines. Cancer. 2007 Mar 1;109(5):957-65.
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14 Isoform-specific regulation of cytochromes P450 expression by estradiol and progesterone. Drug Metab Dispos. 2013 Feb;41(2):263-9.
15 Metabolic interactions between acetaminophen (paracetamol) and two flavonoids, luteolin and quercetin, through in-vitro inhibition studies. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2017 Dec;69(12):1762-1772.
16 Potent mechanism-based inhibition of CYP3A4 by imatinib explains its liability to interact with CYP3A4 substrates. Br J Pharmacol. 2012 Apr;165(8):2787-98.
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18 The metabolism of zidovudine by human liver microsomes in vitro: formation of 3'-amino-3'-deoxythymidine. Biochem Pharmacol. 1994 Jul 19;48(2):267-76.
19 Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675.
20 Roles of cytochromes P450 1A2, 2A6, and 2C8 in 5-fluorouracil formation from tegafur, an anticancer prodrug, in human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Dec;28(12):1457-63.
21 Effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids on prostaglandin synthesis and cyclooxygenase-mediated DNA adduct formation by heterocyclic aromatic amines in human adenocarcinoma colon cells. Mol Carcinog. 2004 Jul;40(3):180-8.
22 Endoxifen and other metabolites of tamoxifen inhibit human hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase 2A1 (hSULT2A1). Drug Metab Dispos. 2014 Nov;42(11):1843-50.
23 Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) activity and risk factors for breast cancer: a cross-sectional study. Breast Cancer Res. 2004;6(4):R352-65.
24 PharmGKB summary: pathways of acetaminophen metabolism at the therapeutic versus toxic doses. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2015 Aug;25(8):416-26.
25 The effect of apigenin on pharmacokinetics of imatinib and its metabolite N-desmethyl imatinib in rats. Biomed Res Int. 2013;2013:789184.
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27 Identification of P450 enzymes involved in metabolism of verapamil in humans. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1993 Sep;348(3):332-7.
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29 In vitro inhibition of CYP1A2 by model inhibitors, anti-inflammatory analgesics and female sex steroids: predictability of in vivo interactions. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2008 Aug;103(2):157-65.
30 Effects of capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin on human and rat liver microsomal CYP450 enzyme activities in vitro and in vivo. J Asian Nat Prod Res. 2012;14(4):382-95.
31 Drug interaction study of flavonoids toward CYP3A4 and their quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) analysis for predicting potential effects. Toxicol Lett. 2018 Sep 15;294:27-36.
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