Details of Disease

General Information of Disease (ID: DISEE9BG)

• Disease Name: Bronchiolitis
• Synonyms: viral bronchiolitis; RSV bronchiolitis; wheezy bronchitis; bronchiolitis (disease); bronchiolitis
• Definition: Inflammation of the bronchioles characterized by swelling of the bronchioles and mucus accumulation. It is usually caused by the respiratory syncytial virus and affects children. Signs and symptoms include coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath.
• Disease Hierarchy:
  DIS1LT8E: Lung disease
  DISEE9BG: Bronchiolitis
• Disease Identifiers:
  MONDO ID: MONDO_0002465
  MESH ID: D001988
  UMLS CUI: C0006271
  MedGen ID: 14235
  HPO ID: HP:0011950
  SNOMED CT ID: 4120002

Drug-Interaction Atlas (DIA) of This Disease

This Disease is Treated as An Indication in 1 Approved Drug(s)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Highest Status	Drug Type	REF
Fluticasone propionate	DMRWLB2	Approved	NA	[1]

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This Disease

This Disease Is Related to 13 DTT Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DTT ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
DHPS	TTBO2A9	Limited	Genetic Variation	[2]
IFNA5	TTLHGSF	Limited	Genetic Variation	[3]
IFNL1	TTM624L	Limited	Altered Expression	[4]
IL10RB	TTJTRMK	Limited	Altered Expression	[5]
RAPGEF4	TTOS63B	Limited	Biomarker	[6]
SLC27A4	TT20AYF	Limited	Genetic Variation	[7]
CCL5	TT9DWLC	Strong	Biomarker	[8]
CD14	TT6I7DC	Strong	Genetic Variation	[9]
IL9	TT0JTFD	Strong	Genetic Variation	[10]
SFTPD	TTGLMU7	Strong	Biomarker	[11]
TLR1	TTW14D0	Strong	Genetic Variation	[12]
PTGDR	TTNVEIR	Definitive	Biomarker	[13]
PTGDR2	TTQDMX5	Definitive	Biomarker	[13]

This Disease Is Related to 15 DOT Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DOT ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
BET1	OTGX2557	Limited	Biomarker	[14]
CLC	OTYMYR85	Limited	Altered Expression	[15]
COL5A1	OT24078H	Limited	Biomarker	[16]
IFIT1	OTXOQDSG	Limited	Altered Expression	[17]
IFNLR1	OTWWWK45	Limited	Altered Expression	[5]
MAVS	OTTQ0J64	Limited	Biomarker	[7]
PMCH	OT3D9SA4	Limited	Biomarker	[18]
PPIP5K1	OT06HYH8	Limited	Biomarker	[7]
SEMA4A	OT8901H3	Limited	Biomarker	[19]
SERPINF2	OTZGAF8B	Limited	Biomarker	[20]
RNASE2	OT8Z4FNE	Disputed	Biomarker	[21]
CENPJ	OTZCQZN5	Strong	Biomarker	[22]
ISYNA1	OT49ONSE	Strong	Biomarker	[7]
PGAM5	OT6Q5M0C	Strong	Biomarker	[23]
SFTPA1	OT87XL1U	Strong	Biomarker	[24]

References

• [1] Fluticasone propionate FDA Label
• [2] Multilocus genotyping of Pneumocystis jirovecii in patients developing diverse forms of parasitism: implication for a wide human reservoir for the fungus.J Eukaryot Microbiol. 2003;50 Suppl:670-1. doi: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.2003.tb00679.x.
• [3] Genetic susceptibility to respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis is predominantly associated with innate immune genes.J Infect Dis. 2007 Sep 15;196(6):826-34. doi: 10.1086/520886. Epub 2007 Aug 10.
• [4] Viral Load in Infants Hospitalized for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis Correlates with Recurrent Wheezing at Thirty-Six-Month Follow-Up.Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2015 Oct;34(10):1131-2. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000000825.
• [5] Interferon lambda receptor 1 (IFNL1R) transcript is highly expressed in rhinovirus bronchiolitis and correlates with disease severity.J Clin Virol. 2018 May;102:101-109. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2018.03.003. Epub 2018 Mar 10.
• [6] Exchange Proteins Directly Activated by cAMP and Their Roles in Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection.J Virol. 2018 Oct 29;92(22):e01200-18. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01200-18. Print 2018 Nov 15.
• [7] The Absence of Interferon- Promotor Stimulator-1 (IPS-1) Predisposes to Bronchiolitis and Asthma-like Pathology in Response to Pneumoviral Infection in Mice.Sci Rep. 2017 May 24;7(1):2353. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-02564-9.
• [8] Association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in TLR4, TLR2, TLR9, VDR, NOS2 and CCL5 genes with acute viral bronchiolitis.Gene. 2018 Mar 1;645:7-17. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.12.022. Epub 2017 Dec 15.
• [9] The relationship between asthma and bronchiolitis is modified by TLR4, CD14, and IL-13 polymorphisms.Pediatr Pulmonol. 2015 Jan;50(1):8-16. doi: 10.1002/ppul.22978. Epub 2013 Dec 23.
• [10] Interleukin-9 polymorphism in infants with respiratory syncytial virus infection: an opposite effect in boys and girls.Pediatr Pulmonol. 2010 Jun;45(6):608-13. doi: 10.1002/ppul.21229.
• [11] Pattern recognition receptors and genetic risk for rsv infection: value for clinical decision-making?.Pediatr Pulmonol. 2011 Feb;46(2):101-10. doi: 10.1002/ppul.21348. Epub 2010 Oct 20.
• [12] Toll-like receptor 1 and 10 variations increase asthma risk and review highlights further research directions.Acta Paediatr. 2019 Aug;108(8):1406-1410. doi: 10.1111/apa.14795. Epub 2019 Apr 12.
• [13] PGD2/DP2 receptor activation promotes severe viral bronchiolitis by suppressing IFN- production.Sci Transl Med. 2018 May 9;10(440):eaao0052. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aao0052.
• [14] BET 1: High-flow nasal oxygen therapy in bronchiolitis.Emerg Med J. 2019 Apr;36(4):248-249. doi: 10.1136/emermed-2019-208599.1.
• [15] Whole blood gene expression in infants with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis.BMC Infect Dis. 2006 Dec 13;6:175. doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-6-175.
• [16] IL-17-dependent cellular immunity to collagen type V predisposes to obliterative bronchiolitis in human lung transplants.J Clin Invest. 2007 Nov;117(11):3498-506. doi: 10.1172/JCI28031.
• [17] Evaluation of viral load in infants hospitalized with bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus.Med Microbiol Immunol. 2012 Aug;201(3):311-7. doi: 10.1007/s00430-012-0233-6. Epub 2012 Mar 10.
• [18] Increased incidence of bronchial reactivity in children with a history of bronchiolitis.J Pediatr. 1981 Apr;98(4):551-5. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(81)80758-5.
• [19] Plasmacytoid dendritic cells protect from viral bronchiolitis and asthma through semaphorin 4a-mediated T reg expansion.J Exp Med. 2018 Feb 5;215(2):537-557. doi: 10.1084/jem.20170298. Epub 2017 Dec 22.
• [20] The impact of the recent AAP changes in palivizumab authorization on RSV-induced bronchiolitis severity and incidence.Ital J Pediatr. 2017 Aug 14;43(1):71. doi: 10.1186/s13052-017-0390-8.
• [21] Comparison of serum eosinophil-derived neurotoxin levels between wheezing and non-wheezing groups in children with respiratory tract infection.J Asthma. 2020 Nov;57(11):1211-1215. doi: 10.1080/02770903.2019.1642349. Epub 2019 Aug 20.
• [22] Helmet Versus Nasal-Prong CPAP in Infants With Acute Bronchiolitis.Respir Care. 2018 Apr;63(4):455-463. doi: 10.4187/respcare.05840. Epub 2018 Jan 30.
• [23] Oxeiptosis, a ROS-induced caspase-independent apoptosis-like cell-death pathway.Nat Immunol. 2018 Feb;19(2):130-140. doi: 10.1038/s41590-017-0013-y. Epub 2017 Dec 18.
• [24] Human genetics and respiratory syncytial virus disease: current findings and future approaches.Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2013;372:121-37. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-38919-1_6.