Details of Drug Off-Target (DOT)

General Information of Drug Off-Target (DOT) (ID: OTZM6MHU)

• DOT Name: NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3)
• Synonyms: EC 3.6.4.-; Angiotensin/vasopressin receptor AII/AVP-like; Caterpiller protein 1.1; CLR1.1; Cold-induced autoinflammatory syndrome 1 protein; Cryopyrin; PYRIN-containing APAF1-like protein 1
• Gene Name: NLRP3
• Related Disease:
  CINCA syndrome
  Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome
  Familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome 1
  Familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome
  Muckle-Wells syndrome
  Keratitis fugax hereditaria
• UniProt ID: NLRP3_HUMAN
• PDB ID: 2NAQ; 3QF2; 6NPY; 7ALV; 7PZC; 7PZD; 7VTP; 7ZGU; 8EJ4; 8ERT; 8ETR; 8WSM
• EC Number: 3.6.4.-
• Pfam ID: PF14484 ; PF13516 ; PF05729 ; PF17776 ; PF17779 ; PF02758
• Sequence:
  MKMASTRCKLARYLEDLEDVDLKKFKMHLEDYPPQKGCIPLPRGQTEKADHVDLATLMID
  FNGEEKAWAMAVWIFAAINRRDLYEKAKRDEPKWGSDNARVSNPTVICQEDSIEEEWMGL
  LEYLSRISICKMKKDYRKKYRKYVRSRFQCIEDRNARLGESVSLNKRYTRLRLIKEHRSQ
  QEREQELLAIGKTKTCESPVSPIKMELLFDPDDEHSEPVHTVVFQGAAGIGKTILARKMM
  LDWASGTLYQDRFDYLFYIHCREVSLVTQRSLGDLIMSCCPDPNPPIHKIVRKPSRILFL
  MDGFDELQGAFDEHIGPLCTDWQKAERGDILLSSLIRKKLLPEASLLITTRPVALEKLQH
  LLDHPRHVEILGFSEAKRKEYFFKYFSDEAQARAAFSLIQENEVLFTMCFIPLVCWIVCT
  GLKQQMESGKSLAQTSKTTTAVYVFFLSSLLQPRGGSQEHGLCAHLWGLCSLAADGIWNQ
  KILFEESDLRNHGLQKADVSAFLRMNLFQKEVDCEKFYSFIHMTFQEFFAAMYYLLEEEK
  EGRTNVPGSRLKLPSRDVTVLLENYGKFEKGYLIFVVRFLFGLVNQERTSYLEKKLSCKI
  SQQIRLELLKWIEVKAKAKKLQIQPSQLELFYCLYEMQEEDFVQRAMDYFPKIEINLSTR
  MDHMVSSFCIENCHRVESLSLGFLHNMPKEEEEEEKEGRHLDMVQCVLPSSSHAACSHGL
  VNSHLTSSFCRGLFSVLSTSQSLTELDLSDNSLGDPGMRVLCETLQHPGCNIRRLWLGRC
  GLSHECCFDISLVLSSNQKLVELDLSDNALGDFGIRLLCVGLKHLLCNLKKLWLVSCCLT
  SACCQDLASVLSTSHSLTRLYVGENALGDSGVAILCEKAKNPQCNLQKLGLVNSGLTSVC
  CSALSSVLSTNQNLTHLYLRGNTLGDKGIKLLCEGLLHPDCKLQVLELDNCNLTSHCCWD
  LSTLLTSSQSLRKLSLGNNDLGDLGVMMFCEVLKQQSCLLQNLGLSEMYFNYETKSALET
  LQEEKPELTVVFEPSW
• Function: Sensor component of the NLRP3 inflammasome, which mediates inflammasome activation in response to defects in membrane integrity, leading to secretion of inflammatory cytokines IL1B and IL18 and pyroptosis. In response to pathogens and other damage-associated signals that affect the integrity of membranes, initiates the formation of the inflammasome polymeric complex composed of NLRP3, CASP1 and PYCARD/ASC. Recruitment of pro-caspase-1 (proCASP1) to the NLRP3 inflammasome promotes caspase-1 (CASP1) activation, which subsequently cleaves and activates inflammatory cytokines IL1B and IL18 and gasdermin-D (GSDMD), promoting cytokine secretion and pyroptosis. Activation of NLRP3 inflammasome is also required for HMGB1 secretion; stimulating inflammatory responses. Under resting conditions, ADP-bound NLRP3 is autoinhibited. NLRP3 activation stimuli include extracellular ATP, nigericin, reactive oxygen species, crystals of monosodium urate or cholesterol, amyloid-beta fibers, environmental or industrial particles and nanoparticles, such as asbestos, silica, aluminum salts, cytosolic dsRNA, etc. Almost all stimuli trigger intracellular K(+) efflux. These stimuli lead to membrane perturbation and activation of NLRP3. Upon activation, NLRP3 is transported to microtubule organizing center (MTOC), where it is unlocked by NEK7, leading to its relocalization to dispersed trans-Golgi network (dTGN) vesicle membranes and formation of an active inflammasome complex. Associates with dTGN vesicle membranes by binding to phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns4P). Shows ATPase activity ; Independently of inflammasome activation, regulates the differentiation of T helper 2 (Th2) cells and has a role in Th2 cell-dependent asthma and tumor growth. During Th2 differentiation, required for optimal IRF4 binding to IL4 promoter and for IRF4-dependent IL4 transcription. Binds to the consensus DNA sequence 5'-GRRGGNRGAG-3'. May also participate in the transcription of IL5, IL13, GATA3, CCR3, CCR4 and MAF.
• Tissue Specificity: Predominantly expressed in macrophages . Also expressed in dendritic cells, B- and T-cells (at protein level) . Expressed in LPS-treated granulocytes, but not in resting cells (at protein level) . Expression in monocytes is very weak (at protein level) . Expressed in stratified non-keratinizing squamous epithelium, including oral, esophageal and ectocervical mucosa and in the Hassall's corpuscles in the thymus. Also, detected in the stratified epithelium covering the bladder and ureter (transitional mucosa) (at protein level) . Expressed in lung epithelial cells (at protein level) . Expressed in chondrocytes . Expressed at low levels in resting osteoblasts .
• KEGG Pathway:
  Necroptosis (hsa04217)
  NOD-like receptor sig.ling pathway (hsa04621)
  Cytosolic D.-sensing pathway (hsa04623)
  C-type lectin receptor sig.ling pathway (hsa04625)
  Pathogenic Escherichia coli infection (hsa05130)
  Shigellosis (hsa05131)
  Salmonella infection (hsa05132)
  Pertussis (hsa05133)
  Yersinia infection (hsa05135)
  Influenza A (hsa05164)
  Coro.virus disease - COVID-19 (hsa05171)
  Lipid and atherosclerosis (hsa05417)
• Reactome Pathway:
  The NLRP3 inflammasome (R-HSA-844456)
  Purinergic signaling in leishmaniasis infection (R-HSA-9660826)
  SARS-CoV-1 activates/modulates innate immune responses (R-HSA-9692916)
  SARS-CoV-2 activates/modulates innate and adaptive immune responses (R-HSA-9705671)
  Cytoprotection by HMOX1 (R-HSA-9707564)
  Metalloprotease DUBs (R-HSA-5689901)

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This DOT

6 Disease(s) Related to This DOT

Disease Name	Disease ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
CINCA syndrome	DISU6RZC	Definitive	Autosomal dominant	[1]
Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome	DISPXXOZ	Definitive	Autosomal dominant	[2]
Familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome 1	DISPJ2EG	Strong	Autosomal dominant	[3]
Familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome	DISAPE70	Supportive	Autosomal dominant	[4]
Muckle-Wells syndrome	DISMT3TQ	Supportive	Autosomal dominant	[4]
Keratitis fugax hereditaria	DISLY3V2	Limited	Autosomal dominant	[5]

This DOT Affected the Drug Response of 1 Drug(s)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Highest Status	Interaction	REF
Aspirin	DM672AH	Approved	NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) affects the response to substance of Aspirin.	[42]

38 Drug(s) Affected the Gene/Protein Processing of This DOT

Drug Name	Drug ID	Highest Status	Interaction	REF
Ciclosporin	DMAZJFX	Approved	Ciclosporin increases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[6]
Tretinoin	DM49DUI	Approved	Tretinoin increases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[7]
Acetaminophen	DMUIE76	Approved	Acetaminophen increases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[8]
Doxorubicin	DMVP5YE	Approved	Doxorubicin increases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[9]
Cisplatin	DMRHGI9	Approved	Cisplatin increases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[10]
Arsenic trioxide	DM61TA4	Approved	Arsenic trioxide increases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[12]
Testosterone	DM7HUNW	Approved	Testosterone increases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[13]
Triclosan	DMZUR4N	Approved	Triclosan increases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[6]
Selenium	DM25CGV	Approved	Selenium increases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[14]
Cannabidiol	DM0659E	Approved	Cannabidiol decreases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[15]
Bortezomib	DMNO38U	Approved	Bortezomib decreases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[16]
Hydroquinone	DM6AVR4	Approved	Hydroquinone increases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[17]
Ethanol	DMDRQZU	Approved	Ethanol increases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[18]
Diclofenac	DMPIHLS	Approved	Diclofenac increases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[19]
Nicotine	DMWX5CO	Approved	Nicotine increases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[20]
Imatinib	DM7RJXL	Approved	Imatinib increases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[21]
Mebendazole	DMO14SG	Approved	Mebendazole increases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[22]
Flutamide	DMK0O7U	Approved	Flutamide increases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[19]
Ropivacaine	DMSPJG2	Approved	Ropivacaine increases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[23]
Atropine	DMEN6X7	Approved	Atropine increases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[19]
Resveratrol	DM3RWXL	Phase 3	Resveratrol increases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[24]
ICARIIN	DMOJQGT	Phase 3	ICARIIN increases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[25]
DNCB	DMDTVYC	Phase 2	DNCB increases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[26]
phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate	DMJWD62	Phase 2	phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate increases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[27]
(+)-JQ1	DM1CZSJ	Phase 1	(+)-JQ1 decreases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[29]
THAPSIGARGIN	DMDMQIE	Preclinical	THAPSIGARGIN increases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[30]
Bisphenol A	DM2ZLD7	Investigative	Bisphenol A increases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[31]
Formaldehyde	DM7Q6M0	Investigative	Formaldehyde decreases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[32]
D-glucose	DMMG2TO	Investigative	D-glucose increases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[33]
Chlorpyrifos	DMKPUI6	Investigative	Chlorpyrifos increases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[34]
Rapamycin Immunosuppressant Drug	DM678IB	Investigative	Rapamycin Immunosuppressant Drug decreases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[35]
acrolein	DMAMCSR	Investigative	acrolein increases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[36]
Dibutyl phthalate	DMEDGKO	Investigative	Dibutyl phthalate increases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[37]
PATULIN	DM0RV9C	Investigative	PATULIN increases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[38]
CHLORANIL	DMCHGF1	Investigative	CHLORANIL increases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[39]
Bafilomycin A1	DMUNK59	Investigative	Bafilomycin A1 increases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[35]
ROSMARINIC ACID	DMQ6SJT	Investigative	ROSMARINIC ACID decreases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[40]
Lysophosphatidylcholine	DMOGFVH	Investigative	Lysophosphatidylcholine increases the expression of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[41]

2 Drug(s) Affected the Post-Translational Modifications of This DOT

Drug Name	Drug ID	Highest Status	Interaction	REF
Arsenic	DMTL2Y1	Approved	Arsenic affects the methylation of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[11]
Benzo(a)pyrene	DMN7J43	Phase 1	Benzo(a)pyrene increases the methylation of NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3).	[28]

References

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