Details of the Drug Combination

General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DC6BDYI)

• Drug Combination Name: Mechlorethamine + Valrubicin
• Indication: Colon adenocarcinoma; Status: Investigative [1]
• Component Drugs:
  Mechlorethamine (DM0CVXA): Small molecular drug
  Valrubicin (DMOYJFK): Small molecular drug
• High-throughput Screening Result:
  Testing Cell Line: COLO 205
  Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 1.06
  Bliss Independence Score: 4.61
  Loewe Additivity Score: 4.15
  LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 3.46

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Indication(s) of Mechlorethamine

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Chronic myelogenous leukaemia	2A20.0	Approved	[2]
Lung cancer	2C25.0	Approved	[2]
Mycosis fungoides	2B01	Approved	[2]
Primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma	N.A.	Approved	[2]
Small lymphocytic lymphoma	2A82.0	Approved	[2]
T-cell lymphoma	2A90	Approved	[3]
Hodgkin lymphoma	2B30	Phase 3	[4]
Classic Hodgkin lymphoma	N.A.	Investigative	[2]

Mechlorethamine Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Human Deoxyribonucleic acid (hDNA)	TTUTN1I	NOUNIPROTAC	Intercalator	[9]

Mechlorethamine Interacts with 19 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2 (ERBB2)	OTOAUNCK	ERBB2_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[10]
Cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53)	OTIE1VH3	P53_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[11]
Transcription factor Jun (JUN)	OTCYBO6X	JUN_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[12]
Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1)	OTW1SC2N	CDK1_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[13]
Glutathione S-transferase A2 (GSTA2)	OTW7UB1H	GSTA2_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[14]
Interleukin-8 (CXCL8)	OTS7T5VH	IL8_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[12]
Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 (BCL2)	OT9DVHC0	BCL2_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[15]
G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B1 (CCNB1)	OT19S7E5	CCNB1_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[13]
Transcription factor JunB (JUNB)	OTG2JXV5	JUNB_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[12]
Transcription factor JunD (JUND)	OTNKACJD	JUND_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[12]
Cyclin-A2 (CCNA2)	OTPHHYZJ	CCNA2_HUMAN	Increases Stability	[13]
Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2)	OTB5DYYZ	CDK2_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[13]
Protein S100-P (S100P)	OTJCXNJG	S100P_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[16]
Caspase-3 (CASP3)	OTIJRBE7	CASP3_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[17]
Caspase-2 (CASP2)	OTUDYSPP	CASP2_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[15]
Caspase-9 (CASP9)	OTD4RFFG	CASP9_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[15]
Laminin subunit gamma-2 (LAMC2)	OTJMTM72	LAMC2_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[18]
Bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer (BAK1)	OTDP6ILW	BAK_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[19]
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1 (TRPA1)	OTRDIR5M	TRPA1_HUMAN	Increases Response To Substance	[20]

Indication(s) of Valrubicin

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Bladder cancer	2C94	Approved	[5]
In situ carcinoma	N.A.	Approved	[6]
Urinary bladder cancer	N.A.	Approved	[6]
Psoriasis vulgaris	EA90	Phase 2	[3]

Valrubicin Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
DNA topoisomerase II (TOP2)	TT0IHXV	TOP2A_HUMAN; TOP2B_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[21]

Valrubicin Interacts with 1 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Bile salt export pump (ABCB11)	OTRU7THO	ABCBB_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[22]

Test Results of This Drug Combination in Other Disease Systems

Indication	DrugCom ID	Cell Line	Status	REF
Adult T acute lymphoblastic leukemia	DCFOFM8	MOLT-4	Investigative	[23]
Chronic myelogenous leukemia	DCDS61R	K-562	Investigative	[23]
Plasma cell myeloma	DC40A28	RPMI-8226	Investigative	[23]
Colon carcinoma	DCCIUXH	KM12	Investigative	[1]
Adenocarcinoma	DCSRMLV	SW-620	Investigative	[24]
Cutaneous melanoma	DC221SE	SK-MEL-28	Investigative	[24]
Malignant melanoma	DCZ0XK3	LOX IMVI	Investigative	[24]
Melanoma	DCO86ZO	SK-MEL-2	Investigative	[24]
Minimally invasive lung adenocarcinoma	DCM81MY	NCI-H322M	Investigative	[24]
Prostate carcinoma	DCAMPV2	PC-3	Investigative	[24]

References

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• [2] Mechlorethamine FDA Label
• [3] Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
• [4] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7218).
• [5] Natural products as sources of new drugs over the last 25 years. J Nat Prod. 2007 Mar;70(3):461-77.
• [6] Valrubicin FDA Label
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• [11] Nitrogen Mustard Alkylates and Cross-Links p53 in Human Keratinocytes. Chem Res Toxicol. 2022 Apr 18;35(4):636-650. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00420. Epub 2022 Mar 21.
• [12] Nitrogen mustard prevents transport of Fra-1 into the nucleus to promote c-Fos- and FosB-dependent IL-8 induction in injured mouse epidermis. Toxicol Lett. 2020 Feb 1;319:256-263. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.10.006. Epub 2019 Oct 19.
• [13] G2 delay induced by nitrogen mustard in human cells affects cyclin A/cdk2 and cyclin B1/cdc2-kinase complexes differently. J Biol Chem. 1993 Apr 15;268(11):8298-308.
• [14] Overexpression of GSTA2 protects against cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induced by the DNA inter-strand crosslinking nitrogen mustard, mechlorethamine. J Cell Biochem. 2005 May 15;95(2):339-51. doi: 10.1002/jcb.20440.
• [15] Inhibition of caspase-dependent mitochondrial permeability transition protects airway epithelial cells against mustard-induced apoptosis. Apoptosis. 2006 Sep;11(9):1545-59. doi: 10.1007/s10495-006-8764-1.
• [16] S100P is selectively upregulated in tumor cell lines challenged with DNA cross-linking agents. Leuk Res. 2005 Oct;29(10):1181-90. doi: 10.1016/j.leukres.2005.03.012.
• [17] Ebselen reduces the toxicity of mechlorethamine in A-431 cells via inhibition of apoptosis. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2013 Jun;27(6):313-22. doi: 10.1002/jbt.21490. Epub 2013 May 6.
• [18] Histopathologic and immunohistochemical features in human skin after exposure to nitrogen and sulfur mustard. Am J Dermatopathol. 1998 Feb;20(1):22-8. doi: 10.1097/00000372-199802000-00005.
• [19] Increased expression of VDAC1 sensitizes carcinoma cells to apoptosis induced by DNA cross-linking agents. Biochem Pharmacol. 2012 May 1;83(9):1172-82. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2012.01.017. Epub 2012 Jan 21.
• [20] Activation of the human TRPA1 channel by different alkylating sulfur and nitrogen mustards and structurally related chemotherapeutic drugs. Toxicol Lett. 2023 Mar 1;376:51-59. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.01.007. Epub 2023 Jan 21.
• [21] Metabolic activation of N-acylanthracyclines precedes their interaction with DNA topoisomerase II. NCI Monogr. 1987;(4):111-5.
• [22] A multifactorial approach to hepatobiliary transporter assessment enables improved therapeutic compound development. Toxicol Sci. 2013 Nov;136(1):216-41.
• [23] Recurrent recessive mutation in deoxyguanosine kinase causes idiopathic noncirrhotic portal hypertension.Hepatology. 2016 Jun;63(6):1977-86. doi: 10.1002/hep.28499. Epub 2016 Mar 31.
• [24] Loss of function mutations in VARS encoding cytoplasmic valyl-tRNA synthetase cause microcephaly, seizures, and progressive cerebral atrophy.Hum Genet. 2018 Apr;137(4):293-303. doi: 10.1007/s00439-018-1882-3. Epub 2018 Apr 24.