Details of the Drug Combination

General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCH8RJD)

• Drug Combination Name: Mechlorethamine + Mepacrine
• Indication: Adenocarcinoma; Status: Investigative [1]
• Component Drugs:
  Mechlorethamine (DM0CVXA): Small molecular drug
  Mepacrine (DMU8L7C): Small molecular drug
• High-throughput Screening Result:
  Testing Cell Line: SW-620
  Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 11.32
  Bliss Independence Score: 9.33
  Loewe Additivity Score: 4.15
  LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 3.78

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Indication(s) of Mechlorethamine

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Chronic myelogenous leukaemia	2A20.0	Approved	[2]
Lung cancer	2C25.0	Approved	[2]
Mycosis fungoides	2B01	Approved	[2]
Primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma	N.A.	Approved	[2]
Small lymphocytic lymphoma	2A82.0	Approved	[2]
T-cell lymphoma	2A90	Approved	[3]
Hodgkin lymphoma	2B30	Phase 3	[4]
Classic Hodgkin lymphoma	N.A.	Investigative	[2]

Mechlorethamine Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Human Deoxyribonucleic acid (hDNA)	TTUTN1I	NOUNIPROTAC	Intercalator	[8]

Mechlorethamine Interacts with 19 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2 (ERBB2)	OTOAUNCK	ERBB2_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[9]
Cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53)	OTIE1VH3	P53_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[10]
Transcription factor Jun (JUN)	OTCYBO6X	JUN_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[11]
Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1)	OTW1SC2N	CDK1_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[12]
Glutathione S-transferase A2 (GSTA2)	OTW7UB1H	GSTA2_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[13]
Interleukin-8 (CXCL8)	OTS7T5VH	IL8_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[11]
Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 (BCL2)	OT9DVHC0	BCL2_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[14]
G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B1 (CCNB1)	OT19S7E5	CCNB1_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[12]
Transcription factor JunB (JUNB)	OTG2JXV5	JUNB_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[11]
Transcription factor JunD (JUND)	OTNKACJD	JUND_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[11]
Cyclin-A2 (CCNA2)	OTPHHYZJ	CCNA2_HUMAN	Increases Stability	[12]
Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2)	OTB5DYYZ	CDK2_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[12]
Protein S100-P (S100P)	OTJCXNJG	S100P_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[15]
Caspase-3 (CASP3)	OTIJRBE7	CASP3_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[16]
Caspase-2 (CASP2)	OTUDYSPP	CASP2_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[14]
Caspase-9 (CASP9)	OTD4RFFG	CASP9_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[14]
Laminin subunit gamma-2 (LAMC2)	OTJMTM72	LAMC2_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[17]
Bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer (BAK1)	OTDP6ILW	BAK_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[18]
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1 (TRPA1)	OTRDIR5M	TRPA1_HUMAN	Increases Response To Substance	[19]

Indication(s) of Mepacrine

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Discovery agent	N.A.	Investigative	[5]

Mepacrine Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Phospholipase A2 (PLA2G1B)	TT9V5JH	PA21B_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[5]

Mepacrine Interacts with 1 DTP Molecule(s)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2)	DTI7UX6	ABCG2_HUMAN	Substrate	[20]

Mepacrine Interacts with 2 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	DE4LYSA	CP3A4_HUMAN	Metabolism	[21]
Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5)	DEIBDNY	CP3A5_HUMAN	Metabolism	[21]

Mepacrine Interacts with 22 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Myc proto-oncogene protein (MYC)	OTPV5LUK	MYC_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[22]
Cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53)	OTIE1VH3	P53_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[23]
Zinc finger protein GLI1 (GLI1)	OT1BTAJO	GLI1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[22]
Poly polymerase 1 (PARP1)	OT310QSG	PARP1_HUMAN	Increases Cleavage	[24]
1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-1 (PLCG1)	OTSBQR6D	PLCG1_HUMAN	Decreases Phosphorylation	[25]
G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 (CCND1)	OT8HPTKJ	CCND1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[22]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3)	OTCYKGKO	MK03_HUMAN	Decreases Phosphorylation	[24]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1)	OTH85PI5	MK01_HUMAN	Decreases Phosphorylation	[24]
Catenin beta-1 (CTNNB1)	OTZ932A3	CTNB1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[22]
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (KDR)	OT15797V	VGFR2_HUMAN	Decreases Phosphorylation	[25]
Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (CDKN1A)	OTQWHCZE	CDN1A_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[26]
Caspase-3 (CASP3)	OTIJRBE7	CASP3_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[22]
Casein kinase I isoform alpha (CSNK1A1)	OTJ6O1IC	KC1A_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[22]
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK3B)	OTL3L14B	GSK3B_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[22]
Caspase-9 (CASP9)	OTD4RFFG	CASP9_HUMAN	Increases Cleavage	[24]
Focal adhesion kinase 1 (PTK2)	OT3Q1JDY	FAK1_HUMAN	Decreases Phosphorylation	[25]
Apoptosis regulator BAX (BAX)	OTAW0V4V	BAX_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[24]
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 (KCNH2)	OTZX881H	KCNH2_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[27]
Forkhead box protein P3 (FOXP3)	OTA9Z9OC	FOXP3_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[24]
F-box/WD repeat-containing protein 1A (BTRC)	OT2EZDGR	FBW1A_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[24]
Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1)	OTE4EFH8	CP1A1_HUMAN	Increases Metabolism	[21]
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1 (ABCB1)	OTEJROBO	MDR1_HUMAN	Increases Transport	[21]

Test Results of This Drug Combination in Other Disease Systems

Indication	DrugCom ID	Cell Line	Status	REF
Adult acute myeloid leukemia	DC2GWLW	HL-60(TB)	Investigative	[28]
Chronic myelogenous leukemia	DCKHI74	K-562	Investigative	[28]
Colon carcinoma	DCLRTUV	KM12	Investigative	[29]
Adenocarcinoma	DCNSWNO	HCT116	Investigative	[1]
Malignant melanoma	DC34G8K	UACC62	Investigative	[1]

References

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• [2] Mechlorethamine FDA Label
• [3] Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
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• [10] Nitrogen Mustard Alkylates and Cross-Links p53 in Human Keratinocytes. Chem Res Toxicol. 2022 Apr 18;35(4):636-650. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00420. Epub 2022 Mar 21.
• [11] Nitrogen mustard prevents transport of Fra-1 into the nucleus to promote c-Fos- and FosB-dependent IL-8 induction in injured mouse epidermis. Toxicol Lett. 2020 Feb 1;319:256-263. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.10.006. Epub 2019 Oct 19.
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• [13] Overexpression of GSTA2 protects against cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induced by the DNA inter-strand crosslinking nitrogen mustard, mechlorethamine. J Cell Biochem. 2005 May 15;95(2):339-51. doi: 10.1002/jcb.20440.
• [14] Inhibition of caspase-dependent mitochondrial permeability transition protects airway epithelial cells against mustard-induced apoptosis. Apoptosis. 2006 Sep;11(9):1545-59. doi: 10.1007/s10495-006-8764-1.
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• [17] Histopathologic and immunohistochemical features in human skin after exposure to nitrogen and sulfur mustard. Am J Dermatopathol. 1998 Feb;20(1):22-8. doi: 10.1097/00000372-199802000-00005.
• [18] Increased expression of VDAC1 sensitizes carcinoma cells to apoptosis induced by DNA cross-linking agents. Biochem Pharmacol. 2012 May 1;83(9):1172-82. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2012.01.017. Epub 2012 Jan 21.
• [19] Activation of the human TRPA1 channel by different alkylating sulfur and nitrogen mustards and structurally related chemotherapeutic drugs. Toxicol Lett. 2023 Mar 1;376:51-59. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.01.007. Epub 2023 Jan 21.
• [20] Arginine-482 is not essential for transport of antibiotics, primary bile acids and unconjugated sterols by the human breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2). Biochem J. 2005 Jan 15;385(Pt 2):419-26.
• [21] Quinacrine is mainly metabolized to mono-desethyl quinacrine by CYP3A4/5 and its brain accumulation is limited by P-glycoprotein. Drug Metab Dispos. 2006 Jul;34(7):1136-44.
• [22] Nanoquinacrine caused apoptosis in oral cancer stem cells by disrupting the interaction between GLI1 and catenin through activation of GSK3. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2017 Sep 1;330:53-64. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.07.008. Epub 2017 Jul 15.
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