Details of the Drug Combination

General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCKPVQ7)

• Drug Combination Name: Idarubicin + RTB101
• Indication: Malignant melanoma; Status: Investigative [1]
• Component Drugs:
  Idarubicin (DMM0XGL): Small molecular drug
  RTB101 (DM62QTW): Small molecular drug
• High-throughput Screening Result:
  Testing Cell Line: A375
  Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 5.77
  Bliss Independence Score: 5.07
  Loewe Additivity Score: 2.75
  LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 7.19

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Indication(s) of Idarubicin

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Acute myelogenous leukaemia	2A41	Approved	[2]
Acute myeloid leukaemia	2A60	Approved	[3]
Adult acute monocytic leukemia	N.A.	Approved	[2]
Childhood acute megakaryoblastic leukemia	N.A.	Approved	[2]
Leukemia	N.A.	Approved	[2]

Idarubicin Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
DNA topoisomerase II (TOP2)	TT0IHXV	TOP2A_HUMAN; TOP2B_HUMAN	Modulator	[7]

Idarubicin Interacts with 3 DTP Molecule(s)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (ABCC1)	DTSYQGK	MRP1_HUMAN	Substrate	[8]
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)	DTUGYRD	MDR1_HUMAN	Substrate	[9]
Breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2)	DTI7UX6	ABCG2_HUMAN	Substrate	[9]

Idarubicin Interacts with 2 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)	DECB0K3	CP2D6_HUMAN	Metabolism	[10]
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9)	DE5IED8	CP2C9_HUMAN	Metabolism	[10]

Idarubicin Interacts with 9 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Estrogen receptor (ESR1)	OTKLU61J	ESR1_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[6]
Heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1)	OTC1W6UX	HMOX1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[11]
Androgen receptor (AR)	OTUBKAZZ	ANDR_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[6]
Natriuretic peptides B (NPPB)	OTSN2IPY	ANFB_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[12]
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG)	OTHMARHO	PPARG_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[6]
Caspase-3 (CASP3)	OTIJRBE7	CASP3_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[13]
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARD)	OTI4WTOP	PPARD_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[6]
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 (KCNH2)	OTZX881H	KCNH2_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[14]
Bile acid receptor (NR1H4)	OTWZLPTB	NR1H4_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[6]

Indication(s) of RTB101

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Respiratory tract infection	CA45	Phase 3	[4]
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)	1D6Y	Phase 2	[5]

RTB101 Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 1 (TORC1)	TT4GO0F	CRTC1_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[15]

Test Results of This Drug Combination in Other Disease Systems

Indication	DrugCom ID	Cell Line	Status	REF
Ewing sarcoma-peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumour	DCDX0LD	ES2	Investigative	[16]
Adenocarcinoma	DCFYMW7	A427	Investigative	[1]
Adenocarcinoma	DCJCJWE	NCIH2122	Investigative	[1]
Adenocarcinoma	DCF1ZZH	NCIH23	Investigative	[1]
Adenocarcinoma	DC206QY	COLO320DM	Investigative	[1]
Amelanotic melanoma	DCA3W2Z	A2058	Investigative	[1]
Large cell lung carcinoma	DCN1NCB	NCI-H460	Investigative	[1]
Malignant melanoma	DCPUDH1	RPMI7951	Investigative	[1]
Malignant melanoma	DC6PVEO	UACC62	Investigative	[1]
Mesothelioma	DCZOMB8	MSTO	Investigative	[1]
Ovarian endometrioid adenocarcinoma	DCDHQYZ	A2780	Investigative	[1]

References

• [1] Loss of function mutations in VARS encoding cytoplasmic valyl-tRNA synthetase cause microcephaly, seizures, and progressive cerebral atrophy.Hum Genet. 2018 Apr;137(4):293-303. doi: 10.1007/s00439-018-1882-3. Epub 2018 Apr 24.
• [2] Idarubicin FDA Label
• [3] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7083).
• [4] ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04139915) Effect of RTB101 on Illness Associated With Respiratory Tract Infections in the Elderly. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
• [5] ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04409327) Phase 2 Study to Determine if RTB101 Reduces the Severity of COVID-19 in Older Adults Residing in Nursing Homes. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
• [6] Quantitative high-throughput profiling of environmental chemicals and drugs that modulate farnesoid X receptor. Sci Rep. 2014 Sep 26;4:6437. doi: 10.1038/srep06437.
• [7] Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
• [8] Human intestinal transporter database: QSAR modeling and virtual profiling of drug uptake, efflux and interactions. Pharm Res. 2013 Apr;30(4):996-1007.
• [9] Amonafide L-malate is not a substrate for multidrug resistance proteins in secondary acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia. 2008 Nov;22(11):2110-5.
• [10] In vitro evaluation of cytochrome P450-mediated drug interactions between cytarabine, idarubicin, itraconazole and caspofungin. Hematology. 2004 Jun;9(3):217-21.
• [11] A Quantitative Approach to Screen for Nephrotoxic Compounds In Vitro. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2016 Apr;27(4):1015-28. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2015010060. Epub 2015 Aug 10.
• [12] The use of biochemical markers in cardiotoxicity monitoring in patients treated for leukemia. Neoplasma. 2005;52(5):430-4.
• [13] The induction of apoptosis by daunorubicin and idarubicin in human trisomic and diabetic fibroblasts. Cell Mol Biol Lett. 2008;13(2):182-94. doi: 10.2478/s11658-007-0045-7. Epub 2008 Apr 10.
• [14] Refining the human iPSC-cardiomyocyte arrhythmic risk assessment model. Toxicol Sci. 2013 Dec;136(2):581-94. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kft205. Epub 2013 Sep 19.
• [15] Anti-ageing pipeline starts to mature.Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2018 Sep;17(9):609-612.
• [16] Recurrent recessive mutation in deoxyguanosine kinase causes idiopathic noncirrhotic portal hypertension.Hepatology. 2016 Jun;63(6):1977-86. doi: 10.1002/hep.28499. Epub 2016 Mar 31.