Details of the Drug Combination

General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCVQ6UQ)

• Drug Combination Name: Albendazole + Lefaxin
• Indication: Chronic myelogenous leukemia; Status: Investigative [1]
• Component Drugs:
  Albendazole (DMYZ57N): Small molecular drug
  Lefaxin (DM0CEY3): Small molecular drug
• High-throughput Screening Result:
  Testing Cell Line: KBM-7
  Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 7.14
  Bliss Independence Score: 7.14
  Loewe Additivity Score: 19.64
  LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 19.66

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Indication(s) of Albendazole

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Echinococcus granulosus infectious disease	N.A.	Approved	[2]
Helminth infection	1F90.0	Approved	[2]
Worm infection	1F90.Z	Approved	[3]

Albendazole Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Tubulin beta (TUBB)	TTYFKSZ	NOUNIPROTAC	Binder	[6]

Albendazole Interacts with 1 DTP Molecule(s)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)	DTUGYRD	MDR1_HUMAN	Substrate	[7]

Albendazole Interacts with 3 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	DE4LYSA	CP3A4_HUMAN	Metabolism	[8]
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2)	DEJGDUW	CP1A2_HUMAN	Metabolism	[9]
Mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase (CYP2C19)	DEGTFWK	CP2CJ_HUMAN	Metabolism	[10]

Albendazole Interacts with 11 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2)	OTLLBX48	CP1A2_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[9]
Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1)	OTE4EFH8	CP1A1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[9]
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)	OT4IE164	TNFA_HUMAN	Increases Secretion	[11]
Cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53)	OTIE1VH3	P53_HUMAN	Affects Activity	[12]
Interleukin-6 receptor subunit alpha (IL6R)	OTCQL07Z	IL6RA_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[5]
Interleukin-8 (CXCL8)	OTS7T5VH	IL8_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[5]
Microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT)	OTMTP2Z7	TAU_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[13]
C-C motif chemokine 2 (CCL2)	OTAD2HEL	CCL2_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[5]
HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM beta chain (HLA-DMB)	OT17HGXJ	DMB_HUMAN	Affects Expression	[14]
Heat shock factor protein 1 (HSF1)	OTYNJ4KP	HSF1_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[15]
Cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1)	OTYXFLSD	CP1B1_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[16]

Indication(s) of Lefaxin

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Discovery agent	N.A.	Investigative	[4]

Lefaxin Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Coagulation factor Xa (F10)	TTCIHJA	FA10_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[4]

Lefaxin Interacts with 11 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Acetylcholinesterase (ACHE)	OT2H8HG6	ACES_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[17]
Superoxide dismutase (SOD1)	OT39TA1L	SODC_HUMAN	Affects Expression	[18]
Catalase (CAT)	OTHEBX9R	CATA_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[18]
Superoxide dismutase , mitochondrial (SOD2)	OTIWXGZ9	SODM_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[18]
Glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1)	OTE2O72Q	GPX1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[18]
Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 (BCL2)	OT9DVHC0	BCL2_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[18]
DNA cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1)	OTM2DGTK	DNMT1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[18]
Caspase-3 (CASP3)	OTIJRBE7	CASP3_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[18]
Apoptosis regulator BAX (BAX)	OTAW0V4V	BAX_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[18]
Caspase-8 (CASP8)	OTA8TVI8	CASP8_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[18]
Albumin (ALB)	OTVMM513	ALBU_HUMAN	Affects Binding	[19]

References

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• [2] Albendazole FDA Label
• [3] Opportunities and challenges in antiparasitic drug discovery. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2005 Sep;4(9):727-40.
• [4] Novel approaches to the treatment of thrombosis. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2002 Jan;23(1):25-32.
• [5] Cell-based and cytokine-directed chemical screen to identify potential anti-multiple myeloma agents. Leuk Res. 2010 Jul;34(7):917-24. doi: 10.1016/j.leukres.2009.12.002. Epub 2010 Feb 8.
• [6] Flubendazole interferes with a wide spectrum of cell homeostatic mechanisms in Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces. Parasitol Int. 2009 Sep;58(3):270-7.
• [7] The anthelminthic agent albendazole does not interact with p-glycoprotein. Drug Metab Dispos. 2002 Apr;30(4):365-9.
• [8] Identification of human cytochrome P(450)s that metabolise anti-parasitic drugs and predictions of in vivo drug hepatic clearance from in vitro data. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2003 Sep;59(5-6):429-42.
• [9] Cytochrome P450 1A1/2 induction by antiparasitic drugs: dose-dependent increase in ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase activity and mRNA caused by quinine, primaquine and albendazole in HepG2 cells. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2002 Nov;58(8):537-42.
• [10] Danazol inhibits cytochrome P450 2J2 activity in a substrate-independent manner. Drug Metab Dispos. 2015 Aug;43(8):1250-3.
• [11] Stimulation of pro-inflammatory responses by mebendazole in human monocytic THP-1 cells through an ERK signaling pathway. Arch Toxicol. 2011 Mar;85(3):199-207. doi: 10.1007/s00204-010-0584-y. Epub 2010 Sep 17.
• [12] Identification of environmental chemicals that activate p53 signaling after in vitro metabolic activation. Arch Toxicol. 2022 Jul;96(7):1975-1987. doi: 10.1007/s00204-022-03291-5. Epub 2022 Apr 18.
• [13] Pharmacologic reductions of total tau levels; implications for the role of microtubule dynamics in regulating tau expression. Mol Neurodegener. 2006 Jul 26;1:6. doi: 10.1186/1750-1326-1-6.
• [14] Systems pharmacological analysis of drugs inducing stevens-johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. Chem Res Toxicol. 2015 May 18;28(5):927-34. doi: 10.1021/tx5005248. Epub 2015 Apr 3.
• [15] A Gene Expression Biomarker Predicts Heat Shock Factor 1 Activation in a Gene Expression Compendium. Chem Res Toxicol. 2021 Jul 19;34(7):1721-1737. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00510. Epub 2021 Jun 25.
• [16] Association of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 inhibition in in vitro assays with drug-induced liver injury. J Toxicol Sci. 2021;46(4):167-176. doi: 10.2131/jts.46.167.
• [17] In vitro kinetic interactions of DEET, pyridostigmine and organophosphorus pesticides with human cholinesterases. Chem Biol Interact. 2011 Apr 25;190(2-3):79-83.
• [18] The Val16Ala-SOD2 polymorphism affects cyto-genotoxicity of pyridostigmine bromide on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Toxicol In Vitro. 2019 Oct;60:237-244.
• [19] Binding of pyridostigmine bromide, N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide and permethrin, alone and in combinations, to human serum albumin. Arch Toxicol. 2002 May;76(4):203-8. doi: 10.1007/s00204-002-0328-8. Epub 2002 Mar 9.