General Information of Drug (ID: DMPWGBR)

Drug Name
Triclabendazole
Synonyms
Triclabendazole; 68786-66-3; Fasinex; 6-Chloro-5-(2,3-dichlorophenoxy)-2-(methylthio)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole; C14H9Cl3N2OS; Triclabendazolum [INN-Latin]; Triclabendazol [INN-Spanish]; CCRIS 8988; UNII-4784C8E03O; CGA 89317; 5-Chloro-6-(2,3-dichlorophenoxy)-2-(methylthio)-1H-benzimidazole; CPD000466357; MLS001424101; CHEMBL1086440; 6-Chloro-5-(2,3-dichlorophenoxy)-2-methylthio-benzimidazole; 4784C8E03O; NCGC00164610-01; Triclabendazole, 98%; SMR000466357; AK-68238; 5-Chloro-6-(2,3-dichlorophenoxy)-2-(methylthio)benzimidazole
Indication
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Helminth infection 1F90.0 Approved [1]
Drug Type
Small molecular drug
Structure
3D MOL 2D MOL
#Ro5 Violations (Lipinski): 1 Molecular Weight (mw) 359.7
Topological Polar Surface Area (xlogp) 5.7
Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds) 3
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor) 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc) 3
ADMET Property
Absorption AUC
The area under the plot of plasma concentration (AUC) of drug is 5.72 micromolh/L [2]
Absorption Cmax
The maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of drug is 1.16 micromol/L [2]
BDDCS Class
Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification System (BDDCS) Class 2: low solubility and high permeability [3]
Elimination
In animals, triclabendazole is primarily excreted by the biliary tract in the feces (90%), together with the sulfoxide and sulfone metabolite [4]
Half-life
The concentration or amount of drug in body reduced by one-half in 8 hours (triclabendazole), 14 hours (the sulfoxide metabolites), and 11 hours (sulfone metabolites) [2]
Metabolism
The drug is metabolized via the CYP1A2 enzyme into its active sulfoxide metabolite and to a lesser extent by CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP3A, and FMO (flavin containing monooxygenase) [2]
Vd
The volume of distribution (Vd) of drug is 1 L/kg [4]
Water Solubility
The ability of drug to dissolve in water is measured as 0.0002 mg/mL [3]
Chemical Identifiers
Formula
C14H9Cl3N2OS
IUPAC Name
6-chloro-5-(2,3-dichlorophenoxy)-2-methylsulfanyl-1H-benzimidazole
Canonical SMILES
CSC1=NC2=CC(=C(C=C2N1)Cl)OC3=C(C(=CC=C3)Cl)Cl
InChI
InChI=1S/C14H9Cl3N2OS/c1-21-14-18-9-5-8(16)12(6-10(9)19-14)20-11-4-2-3-7(15)13(11)17/h2-6H,1H3,(H,18,19)
InChIKey
NQPDXQQQCQDHHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Cross-matching ID
PubChem CID
50248
ChEBI ID
CHEBI:94759
CAS Number
68786-66-3
DrugBank ID
DB12245
TTD ID
D02VMJ
INTEDE ID
DR1639
ACDINA ID
D01502

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug


Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Trypanosoma Cruzipain (Trypano CYSP) TTEAID7 CYSP_TRYCR Inhibitor [5]

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) DE4LYSA CP3A4_HUMAN Substrate [6]
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) DECB0K3 CP2D6_HUMAN Substrate [7]
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) DE5IED8 CP2C9_HUMAN Substrate [6]
Mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase (CYP2C19) DEGTFWK CP2CJ_HUMAN Substrate [6]
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2)
Main DME
DEJGDUW CP1A2_HUMAN Substrate [6]
Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) Jump to Detail Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI) Information of This Drug

Coadministration of a Drug Treating the Disease Different from Triclabendazole (Comorbidity)
DDI Drug Name DDI Drug ID Severity Mechanism Comorbidity REF
Ivosidenib DM8S6T7 Major Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Triclabendazole and Ivosidenib. Acute myeloid leukaemia [2A60] [56]
Oliceridine DM6MDCF Moderate Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Triclabendazole and Oliceridine. Acute pain [MG31] [57]
Levalbuterol DM5YBO1 Moderate Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Triclabendazole and Levalbuterol. Asthma [CA23] [58]
Selpercatinib DMZR15V Major Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Triclabendazole and Selpercatinib. Lung cancer [2C25] [59]
Siponimod DM2R86O Major Increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias by the combination of Triclabendazole and Siponimod. Multiple sclerosis [8A40] [60]
Ozanimod DMT6AM2 Major Increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias by the combination of Triclabendazole and Ozanimod. Multiple sclerosis [8A40] [61]
Rucaparib DM9PVX8 Moderate Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Triclabendazole and Rucaparib. Ovarian cancer [2C73] [62]
Macimorelin DMQYJIR Major Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Triclabendazole and Macimorelin. Pituitary gland disorder [5A60-5A61] [63]
Lefamulin DME6G97 Major Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Triclabendazole and Lefamulin. Pneumonia [CA40] [56]
⏷ Show the Full List of 9 DDI Information of This Drug

Drug Inactive Ingredient(s) (DIG) and Formulation(s) of This Drug

DIG
DIG Name DIG ID PubChem CID Functional Classification
Lactose monohydrate E00393 104938 Binding agent; Diluent; Dry powder inhaler carrier; Lyophilization aid
Magnesium stearate E00208 11177 lubricant
Haematite red E00236 14833 Colorant
Hydrophobic colloidal silica E00285 24261 Anticaking agent; Emulsion stabilizing agent; Glidant; Suspending agent; Viscosity-controlling agent
Methylhydroxyethylcellulose E00703 Not Available Coating agent; Emulsion stabilizing agent; Modified-release agent; Suspending agent; Binding agent; Viscosity-controlling agent
Pregelatinized starch E00674 Not Available Binding agent; Diluent; Disintegrant
⏷ Show the Full List of 6 Pharmaceutical Excipients of This Drug
Pharmaceutical Formulation
Formulation Name Drug Dosage Dosage Form Route
Triclabendazole 250 mg tablet 250 mg Tablet Oral
Jump to Detail Pharmaceutical Formulation Page of This Drug

References

1 Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
2 FDA approval: ado-trastuzumab emtansine for the treatment of patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2014 Sep 1;20(17):4436-41.
3 BDDCS applied to over 900 drugs
4 An FDA phase I clinical trial of quinacrine sterilization (QS). Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2003 Oct;83 Suppl 2:S45-9.
5 Colloid formation by drugs in simulated intestinal fluid. J Med Chem. 2010 May 27;53(10):4259-65.
6 In vitro drug-drug interaction potential of sulfoxide and/or sulfone metabolites of albendazole, triclabendazole, aldicarb, methiocarb, montelukast and ziprasidone. Drug Metab Lett. 2018;12(2):101-116.
7 FDA Label of Egaten. The 2020 official website of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
8 Expression levels and activation of a PXR variant are directly related to drug resistance in osteosarcoma cell lines. Cancer. 2007 Mar 1;109(5):957-65.
9 Contribution of human hepatic cytochrome P450 isoforms to regioselective hydroxylation of steroid hormones. Xenobiotica. 1998 Jun;28(6):539-47.
10 Comprehensive evaluation of tamoxifen sequential biotransformation by the human cytochrome P450 system in vitro: prominent roles for CYP3A and CYP2D6. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004 Sep;310(3):1062-75.
11 Isoform-specific regulation of cytochromes P450 expression by estradiol and progesterone. Drug Metab Dispos. 2013 Feb;41(2):263-9.
12 Metabolic interactions between acetaminophen (paracetamol) and two flavonoids, luteolin and quercetin, through in-vitro inhibition studies. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2017 Dec;69(12):1762-1772.
13 Potent mechanism-based inhibition of CYP3A4 by imatinib explains its liability to interact with CYP3A4 substrates. Br J Pharmacol. 2012 Apr;165(8):2787-98.
14 Effects of morin on the pharmacokinetics of etoposide in rats. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2007 Apr;28(3):151-6.
15 The metabolism of zidovudine by human liver microsomes in vitro: formation of 3'-amino-3'-deoxythymidine. Biochem Pharmacol. 1994 Jul 19;48(2):267-76.
16 Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675.
17 Roles of cytochromes P450 1A2, 2A6, and 2C8 in 5-fluorouracil formation from tegafur, an anticancer prodrug, in human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Dec;28(12):1457-63.
18 Effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids on prostaglandin synthesis and cyclooxygenase-mediated DNA adduct formation by heterocyclic aromatic amines in human adenocarcinoma colon cells. Mol Carcinog. 2004 Jul;40(3):180-8.
19 Endoxifen and other metabolites of tamoxifen inhibit human hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase 2A1 (hSULT2A1). Drug Metab Dispos. 2014 Nov;42(11):1843-50.
20 Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) activity and risk factors for breast cancer: a cross-sectional study. Breast Cancer Res. 2004;6(4):R352-65.
21 PharmGKB summary: pathways of acetaminophen metabolism at the therapeutic versus toxic doses. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2015 Aug;25(8):416-26.
22 The effect of apigenin on pharmacokinetics of imatinib and its metabolite N-desmethyl imatinib in rats. Biomed Res Int. 2013;2013:789184.
23 The influence of metabolic gene polymorphisms on urinary 1-hydroxypyrene concentrations in Chinese coke oven workers. Sci Total Environ. 2007 Aug 1;381(1-3):38-46.
24 Identification of P450 enzymes involved in metabolism of verapamil in humans. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1993 Sep;348(3):332-7.
25 Metabolism and metabolic inhibition of xanthotoxol in human liver microsomes. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:5416509.
26 Inhibitory effects of anticancer drugs on dextromethorphan-O-demethylase activity in human liver microsomes. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 1993;32(6):491-5.
27 Effect of genetic polymorphism on the metabolism of endogenous neuroactive substances, progesterone and p-tyramine, catalyzed by CYP2D6. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2004 Oct 22;129(1-2):117-23.
28 CYP2D6 polymorphisms and tamoxifen metabolism: clinical relevance. Curr Oncol Rep. 2010 Jan;12(1):7-15.
29 Inhibition of cytochrome P450 2D6: structure-activity studies using a series of quinidine and quinine analogues. Chem Res Toxicol. 2003 Apr;16(4):450-9.
30 Effects of propofol on human hepatic microsomal cytochrome P450 activities. Xenobiotica. 1998 Sep;28(9):845-53.
31 Pharmacogenetics of schizophrenia. Am J Med Genet. 2000 Spring;97(1):98-106.
32 Roles of CYP2A6 and CYP2B6 in nicotine C-oxidation by human liver microsomes. Arch Toxicol. 1999 Mar;73(2):65-70.
33 Structure-activity relationship for human cytochrome P450 substrates and inhibitors. Drug Metab Rev. 2002 Feb-May;34(1-2):69-82.
34 Progesterone and testosterone hydroxylation by cytochromes P450 2C19, 2C9, and 3A4 in human liver microsomes. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1997 Oct 1;346(1):161-9.
35 Tamoxifen inhibits cytochrome P450 2C9 activity in breast cancer patients. J Chemother. 2006 Aug;18(4):421-4.
36 Characterization of the oxidative metabolites of 17beta-estradiol and estrone formed by 15 selectively expressed human cytochrome p450 isoforms. Endocrinology. 2003 Aug;144(8):3382-98.
37 Summary of information on human CYP enzymes: human P450 metabolism data. Drug Metab Rev. 2002 Feb-May;34(1-2):83-448.
38 Drug-drug interactions with imatinib: an observational study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 Oct;95(40):e5076.
39 Drug interactions with calcium channel blockers: possible involvement of metabolite-intermediate complexation with CYP3A. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Feb;28(2):125-30.
40 New insights into the structural features and functional relevance of human cytochrome P450 2C9. Part I. Curr Drug Metab. 2009 Dec;10(10):1075-126.
41 A potential role for the estrogen-metabolizing cytochrome P450 enzymes in human breast carcinogenesis. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2003 Dec;82(3):191-7.
42 A mechanistic approach to antiepileptic drug interactions. Ann Pharmacother. 1998 May;32(5):554-63.
43 High-dose rabeprazole/amoxicillin therapy as the second-line regimen after failure to eradicate H. pylori by triple therapy with the usual doses of a proton pump inhibitor, clarithromycin and amoxicillin. Hepatogastroenterology. 2003 Nov-Dec;50(54):2274-8.
44 Cytochrome P450 pharmacogenetics and cancer. Oncogene. 2006 Mar 13;25(11):1679-91.
45 CYP2C19*17 is associated with decreased breast cancer risk. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2009 May;115(2):391-6.
46 Cytochromes of the P450 2C subfamily are the major enzymes involved in the O-demethylation of verapamil in humans. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1995 Dec;353(1):116-21.
47 Diclofenac and its derivatives as tools for studying human cytochromes P450 active sites: particular efficiency and regioselectivity of P450 2Cs. Biochemistry. 1999 Oct 26;38(43):14264-70.
48 Organic anion-transporting polypeptide B (OATP-B) and its functional comparison with three other OATPs of human liver. Gastroenterology. 2001 Feb;120(2):525-33.
49 Possible involvement of multiple human cytochrome P450 isoforms in the liver metabolism of propofol. Br J Anaesth. 1998 Jun;80(6):788-95.
50 Quantitative analyses of aggregation, autofluorescence, and reactivity artifacts in a screen for inhibitors of a thiol protease. J Med Chem. 2010 Jan 14;53(1):37-51.
51 Complementarity between a docking and a high-throughput screen in discovering new cruzain inhibitors. J Med Chem. 2010 Jul 8;53(13):4891-905.
52 Novel non-peptidic vinylsulfones targeting the S2 and S3 subsites of parasite cysteine proteases. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2009 Nov 1;19(21):6218-21.
53 How many drug targets are there Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6.
54 Opportunities and challenges in antiparasitic drug discovery. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2005 Sep;4(9):727-40.
55 Synthesis and evaluation of isatins and thiosemicarbazone derivatives against cruzain, falcipain-2 and rhodesain. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2003 Oct 20;13(20):3527-30.
56 Product Information. Fycompa (perampanel). Eisai Inc, Teaneck, NJ.
57 Iannini PB "Cardiotoxicity of macrolides, ketolides and fluoroquinolones that prolong the QTc interval." Expert Opin Drug Saf 1 (2002): 121-8. [PMID: 12904146]
58 Product Information. Arcapta Neohaler (indacaterol). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
59 Product Information. Retevmo (selpercatinib). Lilly, Eli and Company, Indianapolis, IN.
60 Cerner Multum, Inc. "Australian Product Information.".
61 Product Information. Zeposia (ozanimod). Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ.
62 Canadian Pharmacists Association.
63 Product Information. Macrilen (macimorelin). Aeterna Zentaris, Charleston, SC.