Details of the Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)
General Information of Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT) (ID: TTJ584C)
DTT Name | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARA) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Synonyms | Peroxisome proliferater-activated receptor alpha; PPARalpha; PPAR-alpha; PPAR; Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group C member 1; NR1C1 | ||||
Gene Name | PPARA | ||||
DTT Type |
Successful target
|
[1] | |||
BioChemical Class |
Nuclear hormone receptor
|
||||
UniProt ID | |||||
TTD ID | |||||
3D Structure | |||||
Sequence |
MVDTESPLCPLSPLEAGDLESPLSEEFLQEMGNIQEISQSIGEDSSGSFGFTEYQYLGSC
PGSDGSVITDTLSPASSPSSVTYPVVPGSVDESPSGALNIECRICGDKASGYHYGVHACE GCKGFFRRTIRLKLVYDKCDRSCKIQKKNRNKCQYCRFHKCLSVGMSHNAIRFGRMPRSE KAKLKAEILTCEHDIEDSETADLKSLAKRIYEAYLKNFNMNKVKARVILSGKASNNPPFV IHDMETLCMAEKTLVAKLVANGIQNKEAEVRIFHCCQCTSVETVTELTEFAKAIPGFANL DLNDQVTLLKYGVYEAIFAMLSSVMNKDGMLVAYGNGFITREFLKSLRKPFCDIMEPKFD FAMKFNALELDDSDISLFVAAIICCGDRPGLLNVGHIEKMQEGIVHVLRLHLQSNHPDDI FLFPKLLQKMADLRQLVTEHAQLVQIIKKTESDAALHPLLQEIYRDMY |
||||
Function |
Key regulator of lipid metabolism. Activated by the endogenous ligand 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine (16:0/18:1-GPC). Activated by oleylethanolamide, a naturally occurring lipid that regulates satiety. Receptor for peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Regulates the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Functions as transcription activator for the ACOX1 and P450 genes. Transactivation activity requires heterodimerization with RXRA and is antagonized by NR2C2. May be required for the propagation of clock information to metabolic pathways regulated by PER2. Ligand-activated transcription factor.
|
||||
KEGG Pathway | |||||
Reactome Pathway |
|
||||
Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This DTT
Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5 Approved Drug(s) Targeting This DTT
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
17 Clinical Trial Drug(s) Targeting This DTT
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3 Patented Agent(s) Targeting This DTT
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
22 Discontinued Drug(s) Targeting This DTT
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
4 Preclinical Drug(s) Targeting This DTT
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
25 Investigative Drug(s) Targeting This DTT
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Molecular Expression Atlas (MEA) of This DTT
References
1 | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha activators improve insulin sensitivity and reduce adiposity. J Biol Chem. 2000 Jun 2;275(22):16638-42. | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 | Bezafibrate at clinically relevant doses decreases serum/liver triglycerides via down-regulation of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c in... Mol Pharmacol. 2009 Apr;75(4):782-92. | ||||
3 | Tolerability and pharmacokinetics of lobeglitazone, a novel peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonist, after a single oral administration in healthy female subjects. Clin Drug Investig. 2014 Jul;34(7):467-74. | ||||
4 | Pemafibrate: First Global Approval. Drugs. 2017 Oct;77(16):1805-1810. | ||||
5 | Determination of chiglitazar, a dual alpha/gamma peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonist, in human plasma by liquid chromatograph... Pharmazie. 2007 Nov;62(11):825-9. | ||||
6 | Dual peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor / agonist GFT505 improves hepatic and peripheral insulin sensitivity in abdominally obese subjects.Diabetes Care.2013 Oct;36(10):2923-30. | ||||
7 | A novel oxyiminoalkanoic acid derivative, TAK-559, activates human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor subtypes. Eur J Pharmacol. 2004 Jul 8;495(1):17-26. | ||||
8 | Muraglitazar, a dual (alpha/gamma) PPAR activator: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 24-week monotherapy trial in adult patients with... Clin Ther. 2005 Aug;27(8):1181-95. | ||||
9 | Ragaglitazar: the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and tolerability of a novel dual PPAR alpha and gamma agonist in healthy subjects and patients with type 2 diabetes. J Clin Pharmacol. 2003 Nov;43(11):1244-56. | ||||
10 | Tesaglitazar, a dual PPAR-/ agonist, hamster carcinogenicity, investigative animal and clinical studies.Toxicol Pathol.2012;40(1):18-32. | ||||
11 | Pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of saroglitazar (ZYH1), a predominantly PPARalpha agonist with moderate PPARgamma agonist activity in healthy human subjects. Clin Drug Investig. 2013 Nov;33(11):809-16. | ||||
12 | Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800024296) | ||||
13 | Potent and selective PPAR-alpha agonist LY518674 upregulates both ApoA-I production and catabolism in human subjects with the metabolic syndrome. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2009 Jan;29(1):140-6. | ||||
14 | The disposition and metabolism of naveglitazar, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha-gamma dual, gamma-dominant agonist in mice, rats... Drug Metab Dispos. 2007 Jan;35(1):51-61. | ||||
15 | Interpreting expression profiles of cancers by genome-wide survey of breadth of expression in normal tissues. Genomics 2005 Aug;86(2):127-41. | ||||
16 | Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of Zydus Cadila. | ||||
17 | Pharma & Vaccines. Product Development Pipeline. April 29 2009. | ||||
18 | Mechanism of action of fibrates on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. Circulation. 1998 Nov 10;98(19):2088-93. | ||||
19 | Design novel dual agonists for treating type-2 diabetes by targeting peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors with core hopping approach. PLoS One. 2012;7(6):e38546. | ||||
20 | Therapeutic potential of aleglitazar, a new dual PPAR-alpha/gamma agonist: implications for cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes mellitus. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs. 2010;10(4):209-16. | ||||
21 | Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of Tempest Therapeutics. | ||||
22 | PPAR ligands and their therapeutic applications: a patent review (2008 - 2014).Expert Opin Ther Pat. 2015 Feb;25(2):175-91. | ||||
23 | Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of Roche (2009). | ||||
24 | DOI: 10.1038/scibx.2012.669 | ||||
25 | The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-alpha) agonist, AVE8134, attenuates the progression of heart failure and increases survival in rats. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2009 Jul;30(7):935-46. | ||||
26 | Cardiac function and metabolism in Type 2 diabetic mice after treatment with BM 17.0744, a novel PPAR-alpha activator. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2002 Sep;283(3):H949-57. | ||||
27 | Emerging drugs for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2008 Mar;13(1):145-58. | ||||
28 | Scaffold-based discovery of indeglitazar, a PPAR pan-active anti-diabetic agent. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Jan 6;106(1):262-7. | ||||
29 | Identification of a functional peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) response element (PPRE) in the human apolipoprotein A-IV gene. Biochem Pharmacol. 2009 Sep 1;78(5):523-30. | ||||
30 | KRP-297, MCC-555. Nihon Rinsho. 2001 Nov;59(11):2200-6. | ||||
31 | Modulation of PPAR receptor subtype selectivity of the ligands: aliphatic chain vs aromatic ring as a spacer between pharmacophore and the lipophilic moiety. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2008 Dec 15;18(24):6471-5. | ||||
32 | Docking and molecular dynamics simulations of peroxisome proliferator activated receptors interacting with pan agonist sodelglitazar. Protein Pept Lett. 2011 Oct;18(10):1021-7. | ||||
33 | CN patent application no. 100577175, Combination therapy comprising glucose reabsorption inhibitors and PPAR modulators. | ||||
34 | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. Future Cardiol. 2010 September; 6(5): 657-691. | ||||
35 | Antidiabetic and hypolipidemic effects of a novel dual peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) alpha/gamma agonist, E3030, in db/db mice and beagle dogs.J Pharmacol Sci.2008 Sep;108(1):40-8. | ||||
36 | A peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha/gamma dual agonist with a unique in vitro profile and potent glucose and lipid effects in rodent... Mol Endocrinol. 2005 Jun;19(6):1593-605. | ||||
37 | CN patent application no. 1882326, Ppar agonists for the treatment of hcv infection. | ||||
38 | URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Target id: 593). | ||||
39 | Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800021175) | ||||
40 | O-arylmandelic acids as highly selective human PPAR alpha/gamma agonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2003 Oct 6;13(19):3185-90. | ||||
41 | Fibrates as therapy for osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis A systematic review. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis. 2013 February; 5(1): 33-44. | ||||
42 | A new class of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor agonists with a novel binding epitope shows antidiabetic effects. J Biol Chem. 2004 Sep 24;279(39):41124-30. | ||||
43 | Peroxisome Proliferators-Activated Receptor (PPAR) Modulators and Metabolic Disorders. PPAR Res. 2008; 2008: 679137. | ||||
44 | Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800026848) | ||||
45 | Discovery of cyclic amine-substituted benzoic acids as PPARalpha agonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2012 Jan 1;22(1):334-8. | ||||
46 | Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) by nitroalkene fatty acids: importance of nitration position and degree ... J Med Chem. 2009 Aug 13;52(15):4631-9. | ||||
47 | Differential activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors by eicosanoids. J Biol Chem. 1995 Oct 13;270(41):23975-83. | ||||
48 | Discovery of an oxybenzylglycine based peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha selective agonist 2-((3-((2-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-methyloxazol... J Med Chem. 2010 Apr 8;53(7):2854-64. | ||||
49 | Molecular characterization of novel and selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha agonists with robust hypolipidemic activity in vivo. Mol Pharmacol. 2009 Feb;75(2):296-306. | ||||
50 | CN patent application no. 102459215, 3-(4-aminophenyl)-2-furancarboxylic acid derivative and pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. | ||||
51 | How many drug targets are there Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. | ||||
52 | Antidiabetic and hypolipidemic potential of DRF 2519--a dual activator of PPAR-alpha and PPAR-gamma. Eur J Pharmacol. 2004 May 3;491(2-3):195-206. | ||||
53 | PPAR alpha structure-function relationships derived from species-specific differences in responsiveness to hypolipidemic agents. Biol Chem. 1997 Jul;378(7):651-5. | ||||
54 | Emerging antidyslipidemic drugs. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2008 Jun;13(2):363-81. | ||||
55 | PPAR-alpha and -gamma but not -delta agonists inhibit airway inflammation in a murine model of asthma: in vitro evidence for an NF-kappaB-independe... Br J Pharmacol. 2003 May;139(1):163-71. | ||||
56 | Identification of a subtype selective human PPARalpha agonist through parallel-array synthesis. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2001 May 7;11(9):1225-7. | ||||
57 | Phenylacetic acid derivatives as hPPAR agonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2003 Apr 7;13(7):1277-80. | ||||
58 | Design and synthesis of alpha-aryloxy-alpha-methylhydrocinnamic acids: a novel class of dual peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha/gamma agonists. J Med Chem. 2004 May 6;47(10):2422-5. | ||||
59 | Oleoylethanolamide, an endogenous PPAR-alpha agonist, lowers body weight and hyperlipidemia in obese rats. Neuropharmacology. 2005 Jun;48(8):1147-53. | ||||
60 | Pristanic acid and phytanic acid: naturally occurring ligands for the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha. J Lipid Res. 2000 Nov;41(11):1801-7. | ||||
61 | Pharmacological profiles of a novel oral antidiabetic agent, JTT-501, an isoxazolidinedione derivative. Eur J Pharmacol. 1999 Jan 8;364(2-3):211-9. | ||||
62 | A novel peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha/gamma dual agonist demonstrates favorable effects on lipid homeostasis. Endocrinology. 2004 Apr;145(4):1640-8. | ||||
63 | The ChEMBL database in 2017. Nucleic Acids Res. 2017 Jan 4;45(D1):D945-D954. | ||||