Details of Disease

General Information of Disease (ID: DISXSUID)

• Disease Name: Measles
• Synonyms: rubeola; morbilli; Measles morbillivirus caused disease or disorder; Measles morbillivirus infectious disease; Measles morbillivirus disease or disorder; rubeola infection
• Disease Class: 1F03: Measles
• Definition: A highly contagious viral infection caused by the measles virus. Symptoms appear 8-12 days after exposure and include a rash, cough, fever and muscle pains that can last 4-7 days. Measles vaccines are available to provide prophylaxis, usually combined with mumps and rubella vaccines (MMR).
• Disease Hierarchy:
  DISXAGYD: Morbillivirus infectious disease
  DISEM33Q: Infectious disease
  DISXSUID: Measles
• ICD Code: ICD-11: ICD-11: 1F03
• Disease Identifiers:
  MONDO ID: MONDO_0004619
  MESH ID: D008457
  UMLS CUI: C0025007
  MedGen ID: 6252
  SNOMED CT ID: 14189004

Drug-Interaction Atlas (DIA) of This Disease

This Disease is Treated as An Indication in 4 Approved Drug(s)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Highest Status	Drug Type	REF
M-M-R II	DMQOH01	Approved	NA	[1]
Mearubik	DMTYC75	Approved	NA	[1]
Measles vaccine	DMYJWDJ	Approved	NA	[1]
Priorix	DMW1EOF	Approved	NA	[1]

This Disease is Treated as An Indication in 5 Clinical Trial Drug(s)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Highest Status	Drug Type	REF
MMR	DMYW8UN	Phase 3	NA	[2]
MMR vaccine	DMELN09	Phase 3	NA	[3]
SB209762	DM7Y368	Phase 3	Vaccine	[4]
GSK4406371A	DMGKKR9	Phase 2	Vaccine	[5]
MVA-mBN85B	DMVSXZW	Phase 2	NA	[6]

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This Disease

This Disease Is Related to 9 DTT Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DTT ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
DDX58	TTVB0O3	moderate	Altered Expression	[7]
APOBEC3G	TTP96KH	Strong	Biomarker	[8]
CD46	TTMS7DF	Strong	Genetic Variation	[9]
CEACAM5	TTY6DTE	Strong	Altered Expression	[10]
IFNAR2	TTMQB37	Strong	Genetic Variation	[11]
KPNB1	TTHOJ5F	Strong	Biomarker	[12]
MRC1	TTKV8W5	Strong	Biomarker	[13]
NECTIN4	TTPO9EG	Strong	Genetic Variation	[14]
WDR5	TT7OFWB	Strong	Biomarker	[15]

This Disease Is Related to 25 DOT Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DOT ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
SLAMF1	OTBTT3ZQ	Limited	Biomarker	[16]
ADAR	OTQNOHR8	Strong	Biomarker	[17]
AGBL2	OTCX9987	Strong	Biomarker	[18]
AGTPBP1	OTR92JFR	Strong	Biomarker	[18]
ATP2C1	OTQN51T3	Strong	Biomarker	[19]
CANX	OTYP1F6J	Strong	Biomarker	[8]
CCDC115	OT04AZNZ	Strong	Biomarker	[18]
CD207	OTI9RUDN	Strong	Biomarker	[20]
DPT	OTINRFC7	Strong	Biomarker	[21]
IFI44L	OTXKORJP	Strong	Genetic Variation	[9]
IFIH1	OTZA2AHA	Strong	Altered Expression	[7]
KDELR2	OT9QW7Q0	Strong	Biomarker	[8]
MFSD6	OTQ6KAV1	Strong	Biomarker	[22]
MX1	OT6X8G5T	Strong	Biomarker	[23]
MYBPH	OTQJBPUR	Strong	Biomarker	[8]
MYOM2	OTD2UOXW	Strong	Genetic Variation	[24]
PLAAT4	OTI66SAJ	Strong	Altered Expression	[7]
PYCR1	OTQHB52T	Strong	Biomarker	[25]
RBPMS	OT1RDKR9	Strong	Biomarker	[26]
ROBO3	OTPVG40S	Strong	Altered Expression	[7]
SARS1	OTFKXQ1O	Strong	Genetic Variation	[27]
SARS2	OTU4T99W	Strong	Genetic Variation	[27]
SRL	OT7IEBWZ	Strong	Biomarker	[28]
TRIM25	OT35SG1R	Strong	Genetic Variation	[29]
TRIM5	OTMZH7EJ	Strong	Genetic Variation	[29]

References

• [1] Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
• [2] ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02184572) Safety and Immunogenicity Study of GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) Biologicals' Measles, Mumps and Rubella (MMR) Vaccine (209762) Compared to Merck & Co., Inc.'s MMR Vaccine inHealthy Children 12 to 15 Months of Age. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
• [3] Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA)
• [4] Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of GlaxoSmithKline.
• [5] Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of GlaxoSmithKline
• [6] ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00891007) Study to Evaluate Safety, Dose Response and Immunogenicity of the Measles Vaccine MVA mBN85B in Healthy Children Aged 6 Months to 6 Years. U.S. National Institutes ofHealth.
• [7] In vivo ligands of MDA5 and RIG-I in measles virus-infected cells.PLoS Pathog. 2014 Apr 17;10(4):e1004081. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004081. eCollection 2014 Apr.
• [8] KDELR2 Competes with Measles Virus Envelope Proteins for Cellular Chaperones Reducing Their Chaperone-Mediated Cell Surface Transport.Viruses. 2019 Jan 4;11(1):27. doi: 10.3390/v11010027.
• [9] Current perspectives in assessing humoral immunity after measles vaccination.Expert Rev Vaccines. 2019 Jan;18(1):75-87. doi: 10.1080/14760584.2019.1559063. Epub 2018 Dec 26.
• [10] Clinical Trials with Oncolytic Measles Virus: Current Status and Future Prospects.Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 2018;18(2):177-187. doi: 10.2174/1568009617666170222125035.
• [11] Single-nucleotide polymorphism associations in common with immune responses to measles and rubella vaccines.Immunogenetics. 2014 Nov;66(11):663-9. doi: 10.1007/s00251-014-0796-z. Epub 2014 Aug 21.
• [12] Isolation and complete nucleotide sequence of the measles virus IMB-1 strain in China.Virol Sin. 2010 Dec;25(6):381-9. doi: 10.1007/s12250-010-3158-5. Epub 2010 Dec 21.
• [13] Pre-vaccination IgG screening for mumps is the most cost-effectiveness immunization strategy among Health Care Workers.Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2019;15(5):1135-1138. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2018.1564442. Epub 2019 Mar 27.
• [14] Cell-to-Cell Measles Virus Spread between Human Neurons Is Dependent on Hemagglutinin and Hyperfusogenic Fusion Protein.J Virol. 2018 Feb 26;92(6):e02166-17. doi: 10.1128/JVI.02166-17. Print 2018 Mar 15.
• [15] Upon Infection, Cellular WD Repeat-Containing Protein 5 (WDR5) Localizes to Cytoplasmic Inclusion Bodies and Enhances Measles Virus Replication.J Virol. 2018 Feb 12;92(5):e01726-17. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01726-17. Print 2018 Mar 1.
• [16] Type I Interferon Receptor Signaling Drives Selective Permissiveness of Astrocytes and Microglia to Measles Virus during Brain Infection.J Virol. 2019 Jun 14;93(13):e00618-19. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00618-19. Print 2019 Jul 1.
• [17] Double-stranded RNA adenosine deaminase ADAR-1-induced hypermutated genomes among inactivated seasonal influenza and live attenuated measles virus vaccines.J Virol. 2011 Mar;85(5):2458-62. doi: 10.1128/JVI.02138-10. Epub 2010 Dec 15.
• [18] Cutting edge: inhibiting measles virus infection but promoting reproduction: an explanation for splicing and tissue-specific expression of CD46.J Immunol. 2002 Nov 15;169(10):5405-9. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.169.10.5405.
• [19] Diverse Viruses Require the Calcium Transporter SPCA1 for Maturation and Spread.Cell Host Microbe. 2017 Oct 11;22(4):460-470.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2017.09.002.
• [20] Human Langerhans cells capture measles virus through Langerin and present viral antigens to CD4?T cells but are incapable of cross-presentation.Eur J Immunol. 2011 Sep;41(9):2619-31. doi: 10.1002/eji.201041305. Epub 2011 Aug 8.
• [21] Exploring the spatial heterogeneity in different doses of vaccination coverage in India.PLoS One. 2018 Nov 28;13(11):e0207209. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207209. eCollection 2018.
• [22] Sero-epidemiological study in prediction of the risk groups for measles outbreaks in Vojvodina, Serbia.PLoS One. 2019 May 9;14(5):e0216219. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216219. eCollection 2019.
• [23] Functional MxA promoter polymorphism associated with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.Neurology. 2004 Feb 10;62(3):457-60. doi: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000106940.95749.8e.
• [24] Molecular characterization of measles virus strains causing subacute sclerosing panencephalitis in France in 1977 and 2007.J Med Virol. 2011 Sep;83(9):1614-23. doi: 10.1002/jmv.22152.
• [25] The phosphoprotein genes of measles viruses from subacute sclerosing panencephalitis cases encode functional as well as non-functional proteins and display reduced editing.Virus Res. 2016 Jan 4;211:29-37. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2015.09.016. Epub 2015 Sep 28.
• [26] The potential effects of introducing microneedle patch vaccines into routine vaccine supply chains.Vaccine. 2019 Jan 21;37(4):645-651. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.12.008. Epub 2018 Dec 19.
• [27] Virucidal activity of a scorpion venom peptide variant mucroporin-M1 against measles, SARS-CoV and influenza H5N1 viruses.Peptides. 2011 Jul;32(7):1518-25. doi: 10.1016/j.peptides.2011.05.015. Epub 2011 May 19.
• [28] Optimising measles virus-guided radiovirotherapy with external beam radiotherapy and specific checkpoint kinase 1 inhibition.Radiother Oncol. 2013 Jul;108(1):24-31. doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2013.05.036. Epub 2013 Jul 9.
• [29] Associations between polymorphisms in the antiviral TRIM genes and measles vaccine immunity.Hum Immunol. 2013 Jun;74(6):768-74. doi: 10.1016/j.humimm.2013.01.031. Epub 2013 Feb 13.