Details of the Drug Combination

General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DC6FU5V)

• Drug Combination Name: Anastrozole + Dacarbazine
• Indication: Lung adenocarcinoma; Status: Investigative [1]
• Component Drugs:
  Anastrozole (DMNP60F): Small molecular drug
  Dacarbazine (DMNPZL4): Small molecular drug
• High-throughput Screening Result:
  Testing Cell Line: NCI-H522
  Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 1.11
  Bliss Independence Score: 2.74
  Loewe Additivity Score: 3.31
  LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 4.12

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Indication(s) of Anastrozole

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Breast cancer	2C60-2C65	Approved	[2]
Estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer	N.A.	Approved	[3]
Obesity	5B81	Approved	[3]

Anastrozole Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Aromatase (CYP19A1)	TTSZLWK	CP19A_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[6]

Anastrozole Interacts with 1 DTP Molecule(s)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Putative sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 7 (SLC38A7)	DT2EGUN	S38A7_HUMAN	Substrate	[7]

Anastrozole Interacts with 6 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	DE4LYSA	CP3A4_HUMAN	Metabolism	[8]
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1)	DEYGVN4	UD11_HUMAN	Metabolism	[8]
Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5)	DEIBDNY	CP3A5_HUMAN	Metabolism	[8]
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8)	DES5XRU	CP2C8_HUMAN	Metabolism	[8]
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 (UGT2B7)	DEB3CV1	UD2B7_HUMAN	Metabolism	[8]
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A3 (UGT1A3)	DEF2WXN	UD13_HUMAN	Metabolism	[8]

Anastrozole Interacts with 6 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Adenylate kinase isoenzyme 1 (AK1)	OT614AR3	KAD1_HUMAN	Increases ADR	[9]
Progesterone receptor (PGR)	OT0FZ3QE	PRGR_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[10]
Aromatase (CYP19A1)	OTZ6XF74	CP19A_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[11]
NADPH--cytochrome P450 reductase (POR)	OTVIDOCH	NCPR_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[12]
Gap junction alpha-1 protein (GJA1)	OTT94MKL	CXA1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[13]
Proliferation marker protein Ki-67 (MKI67)	OTA8N1QI	KI67_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[14]

Indication(s) of Dacarbazine

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Adenocarcinoma	2D40	Approved	[4]
Astrocytoma	2A00.0Y	Approved	[4]
Brain disease	8C70-8E61	Approved	[4]
Central nervous system disease	8A04-8D87	Approved	[4]
Glioblastoma	2A00	Approved	[4]
Gliosarcoma	N.A.	Approved	[4]
Melanoma	2C30	Approved	[5]
Classic Hodgkin lymphoma	N.A.	Investigative	[4]
Neuroblastoma	2D11.2	Investigative	[4]

Dacarbazine Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Human Deoxyribonucleic acid (hDNA)	TTUTN1I	NOUNIPROTAC	Breaker	[16]

Dacarbazine Interacts with 3 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2)	DEJGDUW	CP1A2_HUMAN	Metabolism	[17]
Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1)	DE6OQ3W	CP1A1_HUMAN	Metabolism	[18]
Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1)	DEVDYN7	CP2E1_HUMAN	Metabolism	[19]

Dacarbazine Interacts with 12 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5 (BIRC5)	OTILXZYL	BIRC5_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[20]
Interleukin-8 (CXCL8)	OTS7T5VH	IL8_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[15]
Interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1)	OT43DI6J	IRF1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[21]
Methylated-DNA--protein-cysteine methyltransferase (MGMT)	OT40A9WH	MGMT_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[22]
Induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1 (MCL1)	OT2YYI1A	MCL1_HUMAN	Decreases Response To Substance	[23]
DNA repair nuclease/redox regulator APEX1 (APEX1)	OT53OI14	APEX1_HUMAN	Increases Response To Substance	[24]
Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1 (SLC2A1)	OTA675TJ	GTR1_HUMAN	Decreases Response To Substance	[25]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3)	OTCYKGKO	MK03_HUMAN	Decreases Response To Substance	[26]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1)	OTH85PI5	MK01_HUMAN	Decreases Response To Substance	[26]
Clusterin (CLU)	OTQGG0JM	CLUS_HUMAN	Affects Response To Substance	[27]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1 (MAP3K1)	OTS3FVTY	M3K1_HUMAN	Decreases Response To Substance	[26]
Erythropoietin (EPO)	OTZ90CN4	EPO_HUMAN	Decreases Response To Substance	[28]

Test Results of This Drug Combination in Other Disease Systems

Indication	DrugCom ID	Cell Line	Status	REF
Childhood T acute lymphoblastic leukemia	DC90POZ	CCRF-CEM	Investigative	[1]
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma	DC75U61	TK-10	Investigative	[1]
Cutaneous melanoma	DCCX41M	SK-MEL-5	Investigative	[1]
High grade ovarian serous adenocarcinoma	DCHGAXW	OVCAR-8	Investigative	[1]
High grade ovarian serous adenocarcinoma	DCVZMEB	OVCAR-4	Investigative	[1]
Malignant melanoma	DCBI9HN	LOX IMVI	Investigative	[1]
Mixed endometrioid and clear cell carcinoma	DCBWC5Y	IGROV1	Investigative	[1]
Ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma	DCAJZQ5	SK-OV-3	Investigative	[1]
Papillary renal cell carcinoma	DCLPLRW	ACHN	Investigative	[1]
Prostate carcinoma	DC06M8J	PC-3	Investigative	[1]
Renal cell carcinoma	DC1LQBA	UO-31	Investigative	[1]

References

• [1] Recurrent recessive mutation in deoxyguanosine kinase causes idiopathic noncirrhotic portal hypertension.Hepatology. 2016 Jun;63(6):1977-86. doi: 10.1002/hep.28499. Epub 2016 Mar 31.
• [2] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 5137).
• [3] Anastrozole FDA Label
• [4] Dacarbazine FDA Label
• [5] FDA Approved Drug Products from FDA Official Website. 2009. Application Number: (ANDA) 075259.
• [6] Effective aromatase inhibition by anastrozole in a patient with gonadotropin-independent precocious puberty in McCune-Albright syndrome. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2002;15 Suppl 3:945-8.
• [7] Anastrozole Aromatase Inhibitor Plasma Drug Concentration Genome-Wide Association Study: Functional Epistatic Interaction Between SLC38A7 and ALPPL2. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2019 Jan 16.
• [8] In vitro and in vivo oxidative metabolism and glucuronidation of anastrozole. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2010 Dec;70(6):854-69.
• [9] ADReCS-Target: target profiles for aiding drug safety research and application. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D911-D917. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx899.
• [10] Aromatase inhibitors: cellular and molecular effects. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2005 May;95(1-5):83-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2005.04.010.
• [11] Aromatase inhibition: translation into a successful therapeutic approach. Clin Cancer Res. 2005 Apr 15;11(8):2809-21. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-04-2187.
• [12] Assessment of Five Pesticides as Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals: Effects on Estrogen Receptors and Aromatase. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Feb 10;19(4):1959. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19041959.
• [13] Inhibition of estrogen receptor reduces connexin 43 expression in breast cancers. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2018 Jan 1;338:182-190. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.11.020. Epub 2017 Nov 24.
• [14] Biomarker changes during neoadjuvant anastrozole, tamoxifen, or the combination: influence of hormonal status and HER-2 in breast cancer--a study from the IMPACT trialists. J Clin Oncol. 2005 Apr 10;23(11):2477-92. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2005.07.559. Epub 2005 Mar 14.
• [15] Dacarbazine causes transcriptional up-regulation of interleukin 8 and vascular endothelial growth factor in melanoma cells: a possible escape mechanism from chemotherapy. Mol Cancer Ther. 2003 Aug;2(8):753-63.
• [16] Predicting the myelotoxicity of chemotherapy: the use of pretreatment O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase determination in peripheral blood mono... Melanoma Res. 2011 Dec;21(6):502-8.
• [17] Study on mesenchymal stem cells mediated enzyme-prodrug gene CYP1A2 targeting anti-tumor effect. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi. 2009 Oct;30(10):667-71.
• [18] Metabolic activation of dacarbazine by human cytochromes P450: the role of CYP1A1, CYP1A2, and CYP2E1. Clin Cancer Res. 1999 Aug;5(8):2192-7.
• [19] Role of cytochrome P450 isoenzymes in metabolism of O(6)-benzylguanine: implications for dacarbazine activation. Clin Cancer Res. 2001 Dec;7(12):4239-44.
• [20] Serum bcl-2 and survivin levels in melanoma. Melanoma Res. 2004 Dec;14(6):543-6. doi: 10.1097/00008390-200412000-00017.
• [21] CD69 on CD56+ NK cells and response to chemoimmunotherapy in metastatic melanoma. Eur J Clin Invest. 2007 Nov;37(11):887-96. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2007.01873.x.
• [22] Pharmacokinetic, biochemical and clinical effects of dimethyltriazenoimidazole-4-carboxamide-bischloroethylnitrosourea combination therapy in patients with advanced breast cancer. Int J Cancer. 2003 Feb 20;103(5):686-92. doi: 10.1002/ijc.10849.
• [23] Mcl-1 antisense therapy chemosensitizes human melanoma in a SCID mouse xenotransplantation model. J Invest Dermatol. 2003 Jun;120(6):1081-6. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1747.2003.12252.x.
• [24] Impairment of APE1 function enhances cellular sensitivity to clinically relevant alkylators and antimetabolites. Mol Cancer Res. 2009 Jun;7(6):897-906. doi: 10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-08-0519. Epub 2009 May 26.
• [25] Glut-1 as a therapeutic target: increased chemoresistance and HIF-1-independent link with cell turnover is revealed through COMPARE analysis and metabolomic studies. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2008 Mar;61(3):377-93. doi: 10.1007/s00280-007-0480-1. Epub 2007 May 23.
• [26] Exposure of melanoma cells to dacarbazine results in enhanced tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. J Clin Oncol. 2004 Jun 1;22(11):2092-100. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2004.11.070. Epub 2004 May 3.
• [27] Clusterin regulates drug-resistance in melanoma cells. J Invest Dermatol. 2005 Jun;124(6):1300-7. doi: 10.1111/j.0022-202X.2005.23720.x.
• [28] Functional erythropoietin autocrine loop in melanoma. Am J Pathol. 2005 Mar;166(3):823-30. doi: 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)62303-6.