General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCUNF41)

Drug Combination Name
Anastrozole Mercaptopurine
Indication
Disease Entry Status REF
Chronic myelogenous leukemia Investigative [1]
Component Drugs Anastrozole   DMNP60F Mercaptopurine   DMTM2IK
Small molecular drug Small molecular drug
2D MOL 2D MOL
3D MOL 3D MOL
High-throughput Screening Result Testing Cell Line: K-562
Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 3.57
Bliss Independence Score: 7.51
Loewe Additivity Score: 5.63
LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 6.82

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)
Indication(s) of Anastrozole
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [2]
Estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer N.A. Approved [3]
Obesity 5B81 Approved [3]
Anastrozole Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Aromatase (CYP19A1) TTSZLWK CP19A_HUMAN Inhibitor [8]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Anastrozole Interacts with 1 DTP Molecule(s)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Putative sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 7 (SLC38A7) DT2EGUN S38A7_HUMAN Substrate [9]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Anastrozole Interacts with 6 DME Molecule(s)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) DE4LYSA CP3A4_HUMAN Metabolism [10]
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) DEYGVN4 UD11_HUMAN Metabolism [10]
Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5) DEIBDNY CP3A5_HUMAN Metabolism [10]
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8) DES5XRU CP2C8_HUMAN Metabolism [10]
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 (UGT2B7) DEB3CV1 UD2B7_HUMAN Metabolism [10]
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A3 (UGT1A3) DEF2WXN UD13_HUMAN Metabolism [10]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
⏷ Show the Full List of 6 DME(s)
Anastrozole Interacts with 6 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Adenylate kinase isoenzyme 1 (AK1) OT614AR3 KAD1_HUMAN Increases ADR [11]
Progesterone receptor (PGR) OT0FZ3QE PRGR_HUMAN Decreases Expression [12]
Aromatase (CYP19A1) OTZ6XF74 CP19A_HUMAN Decreases Activity [13]
NADPH--cytochrome P450 reductase (POR) OTVIDOCH NCPR_HUMAN Decreases Activity [14]
Gap junction alpha-1 protein (GJA1) OTT94MKL CXA1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [15]
Proliferation marker protein Ki-67 (MKI67) OTA8N1QI KI67_HUMAN Decreases Expression [16]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
⏷ Show the Full List of 6 DOT(s)
Indication(s) of Mercaptopurine
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [4]
Acute lymphocytic leukaemia 2B33.3 Approved [5]
Crohn disease DD70 Phase 4 [6]
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) 1D64 Preclinical [7]
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) 1D65 Preclinical [7]
Mercaptopurine Interacts with 4 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
MERS-CoV papain-like proteinase (PL-PRO) TTYJOLE R1AB_CVEMC (854-2740) Inhibitor [7]
Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase 1 (IMPDH1) TTL7C8Q IMDH1_HUMAN Inhibitor [19]
SARS-CoV papain-like proteinase (PL-PRO) TTRGHB2 R1AB_CVHSA (819-2740) Inhibitor [7]
Amidophosphoribosyltransferase (PPAT) TTZFTY4 PUR1_HUMAN Breaker [20]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mercaptopurine Interacts with 9 DTP Molecule(s)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2) DTI7UX6 ABCG2_HUMAN Substrate [21]
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 (ABCC4) DTCSGPB MRP4_HUMAN Substrate [22]
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 5 (ABCC5) DTYVM24 MRP5_HUMAN Substrate [23]
Organic anion transporter 3 (SLC22A8) DTVP67E S22A8_HUMAN Substrate [24]
Concentrative nucleoside transporter 2 (SLC28A2) DT82KPY S28A2_HUMAN Substrate [25]
Concentrative Na(+)-nucleoside cotransporter 3 (SLC28A3) DT4YL5R S28A3_HUMAN Substrate [26]
Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (SLC29A1) DTXD1TQ S29A1_HUMAN Substrate [25]
Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 2 (SLC29A2) DTW78DQ S29A2_HUMAN Substrate [25]
Equilibrative nucleobase transporter 1 (SLC43A3) DTGBPR5 S43A3_HUMAN Substrate [27]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
⏷ Show the Full List of 9 DTP(s)
Mercaptopurine Interacts with 3 DME Molecule(s)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) DEYGVN4 UD11_HUMAN Metabolism [28]
Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) DE6OQ3W CP1A1_HUMAN Metabolism [28]
Thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) DEFQ8VO TPMT_HUMAN Metabolism [29]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mercaptopurine Interacts with 20 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) OTFOX70W TPMT_HUMAN Affects Response To Substance [30]
Nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 3 (NR4A3) OTPBE9R1 NR4A3_HUMAN Increases ADR [11]
Thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) OTFOX70W TPMT_HUMAN Decreases Metabolism [31]
Superoxide dismutase , mitochondrial (SOD2) OTIWXGZ9 SODM_HUMAN Increases Expression [32]
Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase 2 (IMPDH2) OTPG0K7E IMDH2_HUMAN Increases Expression [32]
Glutathione peroxidase 2 (GPX2) OTXI2NTI GPX2_HUMAN Increases Expression [32]
Glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPX3) OT6PK94R GPX3_HUMAN Increases Expression [32]
Glutamate--cysteine ligase regulatory subunit (GCLM) OT6CP234 GSH0_HUMAN Increases Expression [32]
Glutathione synthetase (GSS) OTVSBEIW GSHB_HUMAN Increases Expression [32]
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) OTBPMIMW G3P_HUMAN Affects Localization [33]
Cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53) OTIE1VH3 P53_HUMAN Affects Activity [34]
Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MAP2K1) OT4Y9NQI MP2K1_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [17]
Transcription factor p65 (RELA) OTUJP9CN TF65_HUMAN Affects Localization [17]
Bcl-2-like protein 1 (BCL2L1) OTRC5K9O B2CL1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [17]
Molybdenum cofactor sulfurase (MOCOS) OT0TL3Q5 MOCOS_HUMAN Decreases Oxidation [35]
HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ alpha 1 chain (HLA-DQA1) OTC6GISG DQA1_HUMAN Affects Response To Substance [36]
Major vault protein (MVP) OTJGHJRB MVP_HUMAN Decreases Response To Substance [37]
HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB1 beta chain (HLA-DRB1) OTRGGIFP DRB1_HUMAN Affects Response To Substance [36]
Glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 (GSTM1) OTSBF2MO GSTM1_HUMAN Affects Response To Substance [18]
Nucleotide triphosphate diphosphatase NUDT15 (NUDT15) OTX8SZOT NUD15_HUMAN Increases Response To Substance [38]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
⏷ Show the Full List of 20 DOT(s)

Test Results of This Drug Combination in Other Disease Systems

Indication DrugCom ID Cell Line Status REF
Adenocarcinoma DCYDNS8 HT29 Investigative [1]
Amelanotic melanoma DCLEURE M14 Investigative [1]
Cutaneous melanoma DCQFN5O SK-MEL-28 Investigative [1]
Cutaneous melanoma DCJHLG9 SK-MEL-5 Investigative [1]
Malignant melanoma DCGPJ9J LOX IMVI Investigative [1]
Melanoma DCJ4T9R SK-MEL-2 Investigative [1]
Mixed endometrioid and clear cell carcinoma DC2FREV IGROV1 Investigative [1]
Ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma DCL5SVN SK-OV-3 Investigative [1]
Renal cell carcinoma DC0QMDX UO-31 Investigative [1]
Colon adenocarcinoma DCKHSF7 COLO 205 Investigative [39]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 DrugCom(s)

References

1 Recurrent recessive mutation in deoxyguanosine kinase causes idiopathic noncirrhotic portal hypertension.Hepatology. 2016 Jun;63(6):1977-86. doi: 10.1002/hep.28499. Epub 2016 Mar 31.
2 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 5137).
3 Anastrozole FDA Label
4 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7226).
5 Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
6 ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00846703) The GD-2008 ALL Protocol for Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
7 Thiopurine analogs and mycophenolic acid synergistically inhibit the papain-like protease of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Antiviral Res. 2015 Mar;115:9-16.
8 Effective aromatase inhibition by anastrozole in a patient with gonadotropin-independent precocious puberty in McCune-Albright syndrome. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2002;15 Suppl 3:945-8.
9 Anastrozole Aromatase Inhibitor Plasma Drug Concentration Genome-Wide Association Study: Functional Epistatic Interaction Between SLC38A7 and ALPPL2. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2019 Jan 16.
10 In vitro and in vivo oxidative metabolism and glucuronidation of anastrozole. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2010 Dec;70(6):854-69.
11 ADReCS-Target: target profiles for aiding drug safety research and application. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D911-D917. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx899.
12 Aromatase inhibitors: cellular and molecular effects. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2005 May;95(1-5):83-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2005.04.010.
13 Aromatase inhibition: translation into a successful therapeutic approach. Clin Cancer Res. 2005 Apr 15;11(8):2809-21. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-04-2187.
14 Assessment of Five Pesticides as Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals: Effects on Estrogen Receptors and Aromatase. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Feb 10;19(4):1959. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19041959.
15 Inhibition of estrogen receptor reduces connexin 43 expression in breast cancers. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2018 Jan 1;338:182-190. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.11.020. Epub 2017 Nov 24.
16 Biomarker changes during neoadjuvant anastrozole, tamoxifen, or the combination: influence of hormonal status and HER-2 in breast cancer--a study from the IMPACT trialists. J Clin Oncol. 2005 Apr 10;23(11):2477-92. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2005.07.559. Epub 2005 Mar 14.
17 CD28-dependent Rac1 activation is the molecular target of azathioprine in primary human CD4+ T lymphocytes. J Clin Invest. 2003 Apr;111(8):1133-45. doi: 10.1172/JCI16432.
18 Pharmacogenetics of outcome in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood. 2005 Jun 15;105(12):4752-8. doi: 10.1182/blood-2004-11-4544. Epub 2005 Feb 15.
19 Clinical pharmacology and pharmacogenetics of thiopurines. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2008 Aug;64(8):753-67.
20 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) induces p53-mediated apoptosis of neural progenitor cells in the developing fetal rodent brain. Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2009 Jul-Aug;31(4):198-202.
21 ABC transporters and their role in nucleoside and nucleotide drug resistance. Biochem Pharmacol. 2012 Apr 15;83(8):1073-83.
22 Polymorphisms in multidrug resistance-associated protein gene 4 is associated with outcome in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood. 2009 Aug 13;114(7):1383-6.
23 Overexpression of MRP4 (ABCC4) and MRP5 (ABCC5) confer resistance to the nucleoside analogs cytarabine and troxacitabine, but not gemcitabine. Springerplus. 2014 Dec 13;3:732.
24 Organic anion transporter 3 is involved in the brain-to-blood efflux transport of thiopurine nucleobase analogs. J Neurochem. 2004 Aug;90(4):931-41.
25 PharmGKB: A worldwide resource for pharmacogenomic information. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Syst Biol Med. 2018 Jul;10(4):e1417. (ID: PA2040)
26 Involvement of the concentrative nucleoside transporter 3 and equilibrative nucleoside transporter 2 in the resistance of T-lymphoblastic cell lines to thiopurines. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006 Apr 28;343(1):208-15.
27 Characterization of 6-Mercaptopurine Transport by the SLC43A3-Encoded Nucleobase Transporter. Mol Pharmacol. 2019 Jun;95(6):584-596.
28 Pharmacogenomics in drug-metabolizing enzymes catalyzing anticancer drugs for personalized cancer chemotherapy. Curr Drug Metab. 2007 Aug;8(6):554-62.
29 The degree of myelosuppression during maintenance therapy of adolescents with B-lineage intermediate risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia predicts risk of relapse. Leukemia. 2010 Apr;24(4):715-20.
30 Low-dose azathioprine is effective and safe for maintenance of remission in patients with ulcerative colitis. J Gastroenterol. 2003;38(8):740-6. doi: 10.1007/s00535-003-1139-2.
31 Genetic polymorphisms of drug-metabolising enzymes and drug transporters in the chemotherapeutic treatment of cancer. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2006;45(3):253-85. doi: 10.2165/00003088-200645030-00003.
32 Petit E, Langouet S, Akhdar H, Nicolas-Nicolaz C, Guillouzo A, Morel F. Differential toxic effects of azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine and 6-thioguanine on human hepatocytes. Toxicol In Vitro. 2008;22(3):632-642. [PMID: 18222062]
33 Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase depletion induces cell cycle arrest and resistance to antimetabolites in human carcinoma cell lines. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2009 Oct;331(1):77-86. doi: 10.1124/jpet.109.155671. Epub 2009 Jul 23.
34 Identification of environmental chemicals that activate p53 signaling after in vitro metabolic activation. Arch Toxicol. 2022 Jul;96(7):1975-1987. doi: 10.1007/s00204-022-03291-5. Epub 2022 Apr 18.
35 Thiopurine-induced toxicity is associated with dysfunction variant of the human molybdenum cofactor sulfurase gene (xanthinuria type II). Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2018 Aug 15;353:102-108. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.06.015. Epub 2018 Jun 20.
36 HLA-DQA1-HLA-DRB1 variants confer susceptibility to pancreatitis induced by thiopurine immunosuppressants. Nat Genet. 2014 Oct;46(10):1131-4. doi: 10.1038/ng.3093. Epub 2014 Sep 14.
37 Sensitization of ABCG2-overexpressing cells to conventional chemotherapeutic agent by sunitinib was associated with inhibiting the function of ABCG2. Cancer Lett. 2009 Jun 28;279(1):74-83. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2009.01.027. Epub 2009 Feb 18.
38 A common missense variant in NUDT15 confers susceptibility to thiopurine-induced leukopenia. Nat Genet. 2014 Sep;46(9):1017-20. doi: 10.1038/ng.3060. Epub 2014 Aug 10.
39 Biologically active neutrophil chemokine pattern in tonsillitis.Clin Exp Immunol. 2004 Mar;135(3):511-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2003.02390.x.