Details of the Drug-Related molecule(s) Interaction Atlas

General Information of Drug (ID: DMHMP05)

• Drug Name: Carprofen Drug Info
• Synonyms: Carprofene; Carprofeno; Carprofenum; Imadyl; Ridamyl; Rimadyl; Carprofeno [Spanish]; C 5720; Ro 205720; C-5720; Carprofene [INN-French]; Carprofeno [INN-Spanish]; Carprofenum [INN-Latin]; Rimadyl (TN); Ro 20-5720; Carprofen (USAN/INN); Carprofen [USAN:INN:BAN]; Ro 20-5720/000; Ro-20-5720; Ro-20-5720/000; (+-)-6-Chloro-alpha-methylcarbazole-2-acetic acid; (+-)-isomer of carprofen; (+/-)-2-(3-chloro-9H-carbazol-7-yl)propanoic acid; (+/-)-6-Chloro-.alpha.-methylcarbazole-2-acetic acid; (-)-6-Chlor-alpha-methyl-2-carbazolessigsaeure; 2-(6-Chloro-9H-carbazol-2-yl)-propionic acid; 2-(6-Chloro-9H-carbazol-2-yl)propanoic acid; 6-Chlor-alpha-methyl-carbazol-2-essigsaeure; 6-Chlor-alpha-methyl-carbazol-2-essigsaeure [German]; 6-Chloro-alpha-methyl-9H-carbazole-2-acetic acid; 6-Chloro-alpha-methylcarbazole-2-acetic acid; 9H-Carbazole-2-acetic acid, 6-chloro-.al

Indication

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Pain	MG30-MG3Z	Approved	[1]

• Therapeutic Class: Analgesics
• Cross-matching ID:
  PubChem CID: 2581
  ChEBI ID: CHEBI:364453
  CAS Number: CAS 53716-49-7
  TTD Drug ID: DMHMP05
  INTEDE Drug ID: DR1766
  ACDINA Drug ID: D00102

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas

Drug(s) Targeting Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 (COX-2)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Ibuprofen	DM8VCBE	Dysmenorrhea	GA34.3	Approved	[4]
Naproxen	DMZ5RGV	Bursitis		Approved	[5]
Etodolac	DM6WJO9	Osteoarthritis	FA00-FA05	Approved	[6]
Indomethacin	DMSC4A7	Bursitis		Approved	[7]
Celecoxib	DM6LOQU	Dysmenorrhea	GA34.3	Approved	[8]
Nabumetone	DMAT2XH	Osteoarthritis	FA00-FA05	Approved	[9]
Rofecoxib	DM3P5DA	Osteoarthritis	FA00-FA05	Approved	[10]
Flurbiprofen	DMGN4BY	Osteoarthritis	FA00-FA05	Approved	[11]
Eicosapentaenoic acid/docosa-hexaenoic acid	DMMUCG4	Hypertriglyceridemia	5C80.1	Approved	[12]
Aminosalicylic Acid	DMENSL5	Crohn disease	DD70	Approved	[7]

Drug(s) Metabolized By UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 (UGT2B7)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Tamoxifen	DMLB0EZ	Breast cancer	2C60-2C65	Approved	[13]
Zidovudine	DM4KI7O	Human immunodeficiency virus infection	1C62	Approved	[14]
Diclofenac	DMPIHLS	Chronic renal failure	GB61.Z	Approved	[15]
Valproate	DMCFE9I	Epilepsy	8A60-8A68	Approved	[16]
Mycophenolate mofetil	DMPQAGE	Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma		Approved	[17]
Ibuprofen	DM8VCBE	Dysmenorrhea	GA34.3	Approved	[15]
PITAVASTATIN CALCIUM	DM1UJO0	Dyslipidemia	5C80-5C81	Approved	[18]
Troglitazone	DM3VFPD	Diabetic complication	5A2Y	Approved	[19]
Ezetimibe	DM7A8TW	Atherosclerosis	BD40	Approved	[20]
Simvastatin	DM30SGU	Arteriosclerosis	BD40	Approved	[21]

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 (COX-2)	TTVKILB	PGH2_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[2]

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 (UGT2B7) Main DME	DEB3CV1	UD2B7_HUMAN	Substrate	[3]

References

• [1] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7141).
• [2] Scaffold of the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor carprofen provides Alzheimer gamma-secretase modulators. J Med Chem. 2006 Dec 28;49(26):7588-91.
• [3] Enantioselective inhibition of carprofen towards UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 2B7. Chirality. 2015 Mar;27(3):189-93.
• [4] Maternal toxicity of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs as an important factor affecting prenatal development. Reprod Toxicol. 2009 Sep;28(2):239-44.
• [5] Comparative inhibitory activity of rofecoxib, meloxicam, diclofenac, ibuprofen, and naproxen on COX-2 versus COX-1 in healthy volunteers. J Clin Pharmacol. 2000 Oct;40(10):1109-20.
• [6] Membranous nephropathy associated with the relatively selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, etodolac, in a patient with early rheumatoid arthritis. Intern Med. 2007;46(13):1055-8.
• [7] Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
• [8] Pfizer. Product Development Pipeline. March 31 2009.
• [9] Renal effects of nabumetone, a COX-2 antagonist: impairment of function in isolated perfused rat kidneys contrasts with preserved renal function in vivo. Exp Nephrol. 2001;9(6):387-96.
• [10] Privileged structures: a useful concept for the rational design of new lead drug candidates. Mini Rev Med Chem. 2007 Nov;7(11):1108-19.
• [11] Flurbiprofen, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, protects mice from hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting GSK-3 signaling and mitochondrial permeability transition.Mol Med.2012 Sep 25;18:1128-35.
• [12] Cox-2 inhibitory effects of naturally occurring and modified fatty acids. J Nat Prod. 2001 Jun;64(6):745-9.
• [13] Metabolism and transport of tamoxifen in relation to its effectiveness: new perspectives on an ongoing controversy. Future Oncol. 2014 Jan;10(1):107-22.
• [14] Determination of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase UGT2B7 activity in human liver microsomes by ultra-performance liquid chromatography with MS detection. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2008 Jul 1;870(1):84-90.
• [15] Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675.
• [16] Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interaction of lorazepam and valproic acid in relation to UGT2B7 genetic polymorphism in healthy subjects. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2008 Apr;83(4):595-600.
• [17] PharmGKB summary: mycophenolic acid pathway. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2014 Jan;24(1):73-9.
• [18] Pitavastatin: a review in hypercholesterolemia. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs. 2017 Apr;17(2):157-168.
• [19] Troglitazone glucuronidation in human liver and intestine microsomes: high catalytic activity of UGT1A8 and UGT1A10. Drug Metab Dispos. 2002 Dec;30(12):1462-9.
• [20] Ezetimibe: a review of its metabolism, pharmacokinetics and drug interactions. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2005;44(5):467-94.
• [21] Pharmacogenomics of statins: understanding susceptibility to adverse effects. Pharmgenomics Pers Med. 2016 Oct 3;9:97-106.