Details of Disease

General Information of Disease (ID: DIS6R1EH)

• Disease Name: Latent tuberculosis infection
• Synonyms: tuberculosis infection latent; LTBI; inactive TB; inactive tuberculosis
• Definition: Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection that does not induce infectious expression of the disease in the affected person, although it can cause continuous immune response generated towards TB antigens; person having LTBI are asymptomatic and acting as a reservoir of active tuberculosis tuberculosis cases and Mycobacterium tuberculosis and run a 5-10% risk of reactivating tuberculosis throughout their lives.
• Disease Hierarchy:
  DIS2YIMD: Tuberculosis
  DIS6R1EH: Latent tuberculosis infection
• Disease Identifiers:
  MONDO ID: MONDO_0040753
  MESH ID: D055985
  UMLS CUI: C1609538
  MedGen ID: 294255
  SNOMED CT ID: 11999007

Drug-Interaction Atlas (DIA) of This Disease

This Disease is Treated as An Indication in 3 Approved Drug(s)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Highest Status	Drug Type	REF
Isoniazid	DM5JVS3	Approved	Small molecular drug	[1]
Levofloxacin	DMS60RB	Approved	Small molecular drug	[2]
Ofloxacin	DM0VQN3	Approved	Small molecular drug	[3]

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This Disease

This Disease Is Related to 12 DTT Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DTT ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
GPA33	TT96HUR	Limited	Altered Expression	[4]
IL23A	TTC1GLB	moderate	Biomarker	[5]
CFP	TTLA0VS	Strong	Biomarker	[6]
CXCL11	TTWG0RE	Strong	Altered Expression	[7]
GEM	TTAZF9M	Strong	Genetic Variation	[8]
HPD	TT8DSFC	Strong	Biomarker	[9]
IRAK4	TTILUKB	Strong	Altered Expression	[10]
KLRG1	TT299E6	Strong	Biomarker	[11]
TIRAP	TTKU0LS	Strong	Genetic Variation	[12]
TNFSF13	TTOI1RM	Strong	Altered Expression	[13]
TST	TT51OTS	Strong	Biomarker	[14]
CD209	TTBXIM9	Definitive	Genetic Variation	[15]

This Disease Is Related to 1 DTP Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DTP ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
SLC11A1	DT650XW	Strong	Genetic Variation	[16]

This Disease Is Related to 28 DOT Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DOT ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
CCL1	OT23NON8	Limited	Altered Expression	[17]
CD1B	OT4D5EG7	Limited	Genetic Variation	[18]
INTS4	OT5JQ913	Limited	Genetic Variation	[19]
MARCO	OT0NW2Q0	moderate	Biomarker	[20]
AGO2	OT4JY32Q	Strong	Biomarker	[9]
ANP32B	OT3SQMLU	Strong	Altered Expression	[13]
BATF	OT9VSD2D	Strong	Biomarker	[21]
CCN6	OTRFHQ2Z	Strong	Biomarker	[9]
GNLY	OTZJKA8C	Strong	Biomarker	[22]
HLA-DRA	OT7KZMP2	Strong	Biomarker	[23]
HLA-E	OTX1CTFB	Strong	Biomarker	[24]
KIR3DL1	OTPOSXFX	Strong	Genetic Variation	[8]
MDP1	OTLUZISP	Strong	Biomarker	[25]
NLRC3	OTWLLFFN	Strong	Biomarker	[26]
SETMAR	OTE2MIMZ	Strong	Biomarker	[27]
SMIM10L2B	OT04IG2N	Strong	Biomarker	[28]
SMURF1	OT5UIZR8	Strong	Biomarker	[29]
SP110	OTFW6WH7	Strong	Biomarker	[30]
THEMIS	OTXODBXJ	Strong	Genetic Variation	[31]
TMED9	OTYGAQS0	Strong	Biomarker	[32]
TOLLIP	OTYEO4NR	Strong	Biomarker	[33]
TPPP	OTCFMSUF	Strong	Biomarker	[32]
TRAT1	OTMPUNPD	Strong	Biomarker	[34]
TRIM32	OTJOV0PG	Strong	Biomarker	[34]
TRIM4	OTLKQNKQ	Strong	Biomarker	[34]
CLEC4M	OT2WUIIP	Definitive	Genetic Variation	[15]
IL26	OT2WYCW4	Definitive	Biomarker	[35]
SEPTIN1	OT4GVSU3	Definitive	Biomarker	[36]

References

• [1] Isoniazid FDA Label
• [2] Levofloxacin FDA Label
• [3] Ofloxacin FDA Label
• [4] Transcriptomic Analysis of CD4(+) T Cells Reveals Novel Immune Signatures of Latent Tuberculosis.J Immunol. 2018 May 1;200(9):3283-3290. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800118. Epub 2018 Mar 30.
• [5] Selective Destruction of Interleukin 23-Induced Expansion of a Major Antigen-Specific T-Cell Subset in Patients With Tuberculosis.J Infect Dis. 2017 Feb 1;215(3):420-430. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiw511.
• [6] IL-17 and IL-22 production in HIV+ individuals with latent and active tuberculosis.BMC Infect Dis. 2018 Jul 11;18(1):321. doi: 10.1186/s12879-018-3236-0.
• [7] Coexistent Helminth Infection-Mediated Modulation of Chemokine Responses in Latent Tuberculosis.J Immunol. 2019 Mar 1;202(5):1494-1500. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801190. Epub 2019 Jan 16.
• [8] Killer cell immunoglobulin like receptor gene association with tuberculosis.Hum Immunol. 2013 Jan;74(1):85-92. doi: 10.1016/j.humimm.2012.10.006. Epub 2012 Oct 13.
• [9] Is latent tuberculosis infection challenging in Iranian health care workers? A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS One. 2019 Oct 3;14(10):e0223335. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223335. eCollection 2019.
• [10] Defective MyD88 and IRAK4 but not TLR-2 expression in HIV+ individuals with latent tuberculosis infection.Cytokine. 2018 Oct;110:213-221. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.05.005. Epub 2018 May 17.
• [11] The Role of KLRG1 in Human CD4+ T-Cell Immunity Against Tuberculosis.J Infect Dis. 2018 Apr 11;217(9):1491-1503. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiy046.
• [12] Association of the TLR1 variant rs5743557 with susceptibility to tuberculosis.J Thorac Dis. 2019 Feb;11(2):583-594. doi: 10.21037/jtd.2019.01.74.
• [13] Altered circulating levels of B cell growth factors and their modulation upon anti-tuberculosis treatment in pulmonary tuberculosis and tuberculous lymphadenitis.PLoS One. 2018 Nov 14;13(11):e0207404. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207404. eCollection 2018.
• [14] Cost-effectiveness of QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube versus tuberculin skin test for diagnosis and treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection in primary health care workers in Brazil.PLoS One. 2019 Nov 14;14(11):e0225197. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225197. eCollection 2019.
• [15] Association of CD209 and CD209L polymorphisms with tuberculosis infection in a Northeastern Brazilian population.Mol Biol Rep. 2014 Aug;41(8):5449-57. doi: 10.1007/s11033-014-3416-y. Epub 2014 May 30.
• [16] NRAMP1 and VDR Gene Polymorphisms in Susceptibility to Tuberculosis in Venezuelan Population.Dis Markers. 2015;2015:860628. doi: 10.1155/2015/860628. Epub 2015 Oct 22.
• [17] Malnutrition is associated with diminished baseline and mycobacterial antigen - stimulated chemokine responses in latent tuberculosis infection.J Infect. 2018 Nov;77(5):410-416. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2018.05.003. Epub 2018 May 17.
• [18] Phage display of functional single-chain T-cell receptor molecules specific for CD1b:AcSGL complexes from Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected cells.BMC Immunol. 2013;14 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S2. doi: 10.1186/1471-2172-14-S1-S2. Epub 2013 Feb 25.
• [19] Polymorphisms of the NRAMP1 gene: distribution and susceptibility to the development of pulmonary tuberculosis in the Greek population.Med Sci Monit. 2011 Jan;17(1):PH1-6. doi: 10.12659/msm.881312.
• [20] Evaluation of the relationship between MARCO and CD36 single-nucleotide polymorphisms and susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis in a Chinese Han population.BMC Infect Dis. 2017 Jul 11;17(1):488. doi: 10.1186/s12879-017-2595-2.
• [21] BATF Potentially Mediates Negative Regulation of PD-1/PD-Ls Pathway on T Cell Functions in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection.Front Immunol. 2019 Oct 15;10:2430. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02430. eCollection 2019.
• [22] Circulating granulysin levels in healthcare workers and latent tuberculosis infection estimated using interferon-gamma release assays.BMC Infect Dis. 2016 Oct 18;16(1):580. doi: 10.1186/s12879-016-1911-6.
• [23] An exome wide association study of pulmonary tuberculosis patients and their asymptomatic household contacts.Infect Genet Evol. 2019 Jul;71:76-81. doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.03.006. Epub 2019 Mar 18.
• [24] Detailed characterization of human Mycobacterium tuberculosis specific HLA-E restricted CD8(+) Tcells.Eur J Immunol. 2018 Feb;48(2):293-305. doi: 10.1002/eji.201747184. Epub 2017 Dec 15.
• [25] Serum antibody profiles in individuals with latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.Microbiol Immunol. 2019 Mar;63(3-4):130-138. doi: 10.1111/1348-0421.12674. Epub 2019 Apr 9.
• [26] NLRC3 negatively regulates CD4+ T cells and impacts protective immunity during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.PLoS Pathog. 2018 Aug 22;14(8):e1007266. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007266. eCollection 2018 Aug.
• [27] Resolvin D1 (RvD1) and maresin 1 (Mar1) contribute to human macrophage control of M. tuberculosis infection while resolving inflammation.Int Immunopharmacol. 2019 Sep;74:105694. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105694. Epub 2019 Jun 19.
• [28] Comparison of loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay and smear microscopy with culture for the diagnostic accuracy of tuberculosis.BMC Infect Dis. 2017 Jan 17;17(1):79. doi: 10.1186/s12879-016-2140-8.
• [29] The Ubiquitin Ligase Smurf1 Functions in Selective Autophagy of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Anti-tuberculous Host Defense.Cell Host Microbe. 2017 Jan 11;21(1):59-72. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2016.11.002. Epub 2016 Dec 22.
• [30] Polymorphisms of SP110 are associated with both pulmonary and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis among the Vietnamese.PLoS One. 2014 Jul 9;9(7):e99496. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099496. eCollection 2014.
• [31] Social network analysis and whole genome sequencing in a cohort study to investigate TB transmission in an educational setting.BMC Infect Dis. 2019 Feb 13;19(1):154. doi: 10.1186/s12879-019-3734-8.
• [32] Sequential pulmonary immunization with heterologous recombinant influenza A virus tuberculosis vaccines protects against murine M. tuberculosis infection.Vaccine. 2018 Apr 25;36(18):2462-2470. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.03.037. Epub 2018 Mar 27.
• [33] Evaluation of TLR2, TLR4, and TOLLIP polymorphisms for their role in tuberculosis susceptibility.APMIS. 2018 Jun;126(6):501-508. doi: 10.1111/apm.12855.
• [34] Gene expression profiling of the TRIM protein family reveals potential biomarkers for indicating tuberculosis status.Microb Pathog. 2018 Jan;114:385-392. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.12.008. Epub 2017 Dec 7.
• [35] Microarray analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected monocytes reveals IL26 as a new candidate gene for tuberculosis susceptibility.Immunology. 2015 Feb;144(2):291-301. doi: 10.1111/imm.12371.
• [36] Incidence of active tuberculosis in individuals with latent tuberculosis infection in rural China: follow-up results of a population-based, multicentre, prospective cohort study.Lancet Infect Dis. 2017 Oct;17(10):1053-1061. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(17)30402-4. Epub 2017 Jul 14.