General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DC4W0ED)

Drug Combination Name
Pravastatin Valsartan
Indication
Disease Entry Status REF
Hypertension Phase 1 [1]
Component Drugs Pravastatin   DM6A0X7 Valsartan   DMREUQ6
Small molecular drug Small molecular drug
2D MOL 2D MOL
3D MOL 3D MOL

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)
Indication(s) of Pravastatin
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Adult acute monocytic leukemia N.A. Approved [2]
Arteriosclerosis BD40 Approved [2]
Hypercholesterolaemia 5C80.0 Approved [3]
Hyperlipidemia, familial combined, LPL related N.A. Approved [2]
Hypertriglyceridemia 5C80.1 Approved [2]
Stroke 8B20 Investigative [2]
Pravastatin Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR) TTPADOQ HMDH_HUMAN Inhibitor [7]
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Pravastatin Interacts with 11 DTP Molecule(s)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (ABCC2) DTFI42L MRP2_HUMAN Substrate [8]
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1) DTUGYRD MDR1_HUMAN Substrate [9]
Breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2) DTI7UX6 ABCG2_HUMAN Substrate [10]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 (SLCO1B1) DT3D8F0 SO1B1_HUMAN Substrate [11]
Bile salt export pump (ABCB11) DTJ0EW4 ABCBB_HUMAN Substrate [12]
Organic anion transporter 3 (SLC22A8) DTVP67E S22A8_HUMAN Substrate [13]
Organic anion transporter 4 (SLC22A11) DT06JWZ S22AB_HUMAN Substrate [14]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B3 (SLCO1B3) DT9C1TS SO1B3_HUMAN Substrate [15]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 2B1 (SLCO2B1) DTPFTEQ SO2B1_HUMAN Substrate [16]
Probable small intestine urate exporter (SLC17A4) DTHE530 S17A4_HUMAN Substrate [17]
Organic anion transporter 7 (SLC22A9) DTDI5S3 S22A9_HUMAN Substrate [18]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 11 DTP(s)
Pravastatin Interacts with 3 DME Molecule(s)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) DE4LYSA CP3A4_HUMAN Metabolism [19]
Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5) DEIBDNY CP3A5_HUMAN Metabolism [20]
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) DE5IED8 CP2C9_HUMAN Metabolism [21]
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Pravastatin Interacts with 5 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Stromelysin-1 (MMP3) OTGBI74Z MMP3_HUMAN Increases ADR [22]
Liver carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) OT9L0LR8 EST1_HUMAN Increases ADR [22]
Kinesin-like protein KIF6 (KIF6) OTDH3MR4 KIF6_HUMAN Increases ADR [23]
Apolipoprotein E (APOE) OTFOWL2H APOE_HUMAN Increases ADR [22]
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) OTRT3F3U HMDH_HUMAN Increases ADR [24]
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Indication(s) of Valsartan
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Chronic heart failure BD1Z Approved [4]
Hypertension BA00-BA04 Approved [5]
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) 1D6Y Phase 3 [6]
Nephropathy GC2Z Investigative [4]
Valsartan Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Angiotensin II receptor type-1 (AGTR1) TT8DBY3 AGTR1_HUMAN Antagonist [26]
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Valsartan Interacts with 5 DTP Molecule(s)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (ABCC2) DTFI42L MRP2_HUMAN Substrate [27]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 (SLCO1B1) DT3D8F0 SO1B1_HUMAN Substrate [28]
Peptide transporter 1 (SLC15A1) DT9G7XN S15A1_HUMAN Substrate [29]
Organic anion transporter 3 (SLC22A8) DTVP67E S22A8_HUMAN Substrate [13]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B3 (SLCO1B3) DT9C1TS SO1B3_HUMAN Substrate [27]
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Valsartan Interacts with 1 DME Molecule(s)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) DE5IED8 CP2C9_HUMAN Metabolism [30]
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Valsartan Interacts with 17 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Organic anion transporter 3 (SLC22A8) OT8BY933 S22A8_HUMAN Increases Expression [31]
Angiotensinogen (AGT) OTBZLYR3 ANGT_HUMAN Increases Expression [32]
Transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein (TGFB1) OTV5XHVH TGFB1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [33]
Serum amyloid P-component (APCS) OT76JZ8Z SAMP_HUMAN Decreases Expression [34]
Albumin (ALB) OTVMM513 ALBU_HUMAN Decreases Export [35]
Angiogenin (ANG) OT3ECS6P ANGI_HUMAN Decreases Expression [25]
Fatty acid-binding protein, adipocyte (FABP4) OT3DKFOU FABP4_HUMAN Decreases Expression [25]
Natriuretic peptides B (NPPB) OTSN2IPY ANFB_HUMAN Decreases Expression [36]
Macrophage mannose receptor 1 (MRC1) OTTVCOPT MRC1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [25]
Cathepsin S (CTSS) OT3PXIPM CATS_HUMAN Decreases Expression [25]
Hematopoietic progenitor cell antigen CD34 (CD34) OT1MOFLZ CD34_HUMAN Decreases Expression [25]
Macrosialin (CD68) OTOYEY3J CD68_HUMAN Decreases Expression [25]
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) OTHMARHO PPARG_HUMAN Decreases Expression [25]
CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (CEBPA) OTOM9OE4 CEBPA_HUMAN Decreases Expression [25]
Coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CXADR) OT9ZP02A CXAR_HUMAN Decreases Expression [37]
Scavenger receptor cysteine-rich type 1 protein M130 (CD163) OT2E32LN C163A_HUMAN Decreases Expression [25]
Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5) OTSXFBXB CP3A5_HUMAN Affects Response To Substance [38]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 17 DOT(s)

References

1 ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00738972) Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Reduction With Statins in Hypertensives Patients (MK0653A-168)
2 Pravastatin FDA Label
3 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 2953).
4 Valsartan FDA Label
5 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 3937).
6 Valsartan for Prevention of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Hospitalized Patients With SARS-COV-2 (COVID-19) Infection Disease
7 A randomized, double-blind trial comparing the efficacy and safety of pitavastatin versus pravastatin in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia. Atherosclerosis. 2002 Jun;162(2):373-9.
8 Role of transporters in the tissue-selective distribution and elimination of drugs: transporters in the liver, small intestine, brain and kidney. J Control Release. 2002 Jan 17;78(1-3):43-54.
9 Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2018 Classic Shirt-Pocket Edition.
10 Mammalian drug efflux transporters of the ATP binding cassette (ABC) family in multidrug resistance: A review of the past decade. Cancer Lett. 2016 Jan 1;370(1):153-64.
11 The effect of SLCO1B1*15 on the disposition of pravastatin and pitavastatin is substrate dependent: the contribution of transporting activity changes by SLCO1B1*15. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2008 May;18(5):424-33.
12 Bile salt export pump (BSEP/ABCB11) can transport a nonbile acid substrate, pravastatin. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2005 Aug;314(2):876-82.
13 Prediction of the overall renal tubular secretion and hepatic clearance of anionic drugs and a renal drug-drug interaction involving organic anion transporter 3 in humans by in vitro uptake experiments. Drug Metab Dispos. 2011 Jun;39(6):1031-8.
14 Inhibition of human organic anion transporter 3 mediated pravastatin transport by gemfibrozil and the metabolites in humans. Xenobiotica. 2007 Apr;37(4):416-26.
15 Relevance of conserved lysine and arginine residues in transmembrane helices for the transport activity of organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B3. Br J Pharmacol. 2010 Feb 1;159(3):698-708.
16 Functional characterization of pH-sensitive organic anion transporting polypeptide OATP-B in human. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004 Feb;308(2):438-45.
17 A Na+-phosphate cotransporter homologue (SLC17A4 protein) is an intestinal organic anion exporter. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2012 Jun 1;302(11):C1652-60.
18 Variability in hepatic expression of organic anion transporter 7/SLC22A9, a novel pravastatin uptake transporter: impact of genetic and regulatory factors. Pharmacogenomics J. 2016 Aug;16(4):341-51.
19 Clinical pharmacokinetics of pravastatin: mechanisms of pharmacokinetic events. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2000 Dec;39(6):397-412.
20 Comparison of cytochrome P-450-dependent metabolism and drug interactions of the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitors lovastatin and pravastatin in the liver. Drug Metab Dispos. 1999 Feb;27(2):173-9.
21 In vitro comparative inhibition profiles of major human drug metabolising cytochrome P450 isozymes (CYP2C9, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4) by HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1996;50(3):209-15.
22 ADReCS-Target: target profiles for aiding drug safety research and application. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D911-D917. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx899.
23 Association of the Trp719Arg polymorphism in kinesin-like protein 6 with myocardial infarction and coronary heart disease in 2 prospective trials: the CARE and WOSCOPS trials. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008 Jan 29;51(4):435-43. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2007.05.057.
24 Pharmacogenetic study of statin therapy and cholesterol reduction. JAMA. 2004 Jun 16;291(23):2821-7. doi: 10.1001/jama.291.23.2821.
25 Valsartan improves adipose tissue function in humans with impaired glucose metabolism: a randomized placebo-controlled double-blind trial. PLoS One. 2012;7(6):e39930. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039930. Epub 2012 Jun 29.
26 Radioligand binding assays: application of [(125)I]angiotensin II receptor binding. Methods Mol Biol. 2009;552:131-41.
27 Involvement of transporters in the hepatic uptake and biliary excretion of valsartan, a selective antagonist of the angiotensin II AT1-receptor, in humans. Drug Metab Dispos. 2006 Jul;34(7):1247-54.
28 Regulation of Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptides (OATP) 1B1- and OATP1B3-Mediated Transport: An Updated Review in the Context of OATP-Mediated Drug-Drug Interactions. Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Mar 14;19(3). pii: E855.
29 High-affinity interaction of sartans with H+/peptide transporters. Drug Metab Dispos. 2009 Jan;37(1):143-9.
30 In vitro inhibition screening of human hepatic P450 enzymes by five angiotensin-II receptor antagonists. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2000 May;56(2):135-40.
31 Uric acid accumulation in the kidney triggers mast cell degranulation and aggravates renal oxidative stress. Toxicology. 2023 Jan 1;483:153387. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153387. Epub 2022 Dec 1.
32 Angiotensin II receptor blockade in normotensive subjects: A direct comparison of three AT1 receptor antagonists. Hypertension. 1999 Mar;33(3):850-5. doi: 10.1161/01.hyp.33.3.850.
33 [The relationship between the gene polymorphism of TGF-beta1 and early renal injury in patients with essential hypertension, and the effect of the gene polymorphism of TGF- beta1 on the individual treatment with valsartan]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Yi Chuan Xue Za Zhi. 2007 Aug;24(4):428-31.
34 C-reactive protein in heart failure: prognostic value and the effect of valsartan. Circulation. 2005 Sep 6;112(10):1428-34. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.508465. Epub 2005 Aug 29.
35 Is renoprotection by angiotensin receptor blocker dependent on blood pressure?: the Saitama Medical School, Albuminuria Reduction in Diabetics with Valsartan (STAR) study. Hypertens Res. 2007 Jun;30(6):529-33. doi: 10.1291/hypres.30.529.
36 Effects of valsartan on circulating brain natriuretic peptide and norepinephrine in symptomatic chronic heart failure: the Valsartan Heart Failure Trial (Val-HeFT). Circulation. 2002 Nov 5;106(19):2454-8. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.0000036747.68104.ac.
37 Antiviral effect of Bosentan and Valsartan during coxsackievirus B3 infection of human endothelial cells. J Gen Virol. 2010 Aug;91(Pt 8):1959-1970. doi: 10.1099/vir.0.020065-0. Epub 2010 Apr 14.
38 Comparing antihypertensive effect and plasma ciclosporin concentration between amlodipine and valsartan regimens in hypertensive renal transplant patients receiving ciclosporin therapy. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs. 2011 Dec 1;11(6):401-9. doi: 10.2165/11593800-000000000-00000.