General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCFTERU)

Drug Combination Name
Vemurafenib Mechlorethamine
Indication
Disease Entry Status REF
Adult T acute lymphoblastic leukemia Investigative [1]
Component Drugs Vemurafenib   DM62UG5 Mechlorethamine   DM0CVXA
Small molecular drug Small molecular drug
2D MOL 2D MOL
3D MOL 3D MOL
High-throughput Screening Result Testing Cell Line: MOLT-4
Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 19.3
Bliss Independence Score: 19.39
Loewe Additivity Score: 16.52
LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 17.16

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)
Indication(s) of Vemurafenib
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Melanoma 2C30 Approved [2]
Vemurafenib Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf (BRAF) TTWCGQT BRAF_HUMAN Modulator [4]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Vemurafenib Interacts with 3 DTP Molecule(s)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1) DTUGYRD MDR1_HUMAN Substrate [8]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 (SLCO1B1) DT3D8F0 SO1B1_HUMAN Substrate [9]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B3 (SLCO1B3) DT9C1TS SO1B3_HUMAN Substrate [9]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Vemurafenib Interacts with 1 DME Molecule(s)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) DE4LYSA CP3A4_HUMAN Metabolism [10]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Vemurafenib Interacts with 19 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) OT6XJCZH MITF_HUMAN Affects Expression [6]
Myc proto-oncogene protein (MYC) OTPV5LUK MYC_HUMAN Decreases Expression [11]
Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) OT7EP05T CDK4_HUMAN Decreases Expression [12]
C-C motif chemokine 2 (CCL2) OTAD2HEL CCL2_HUMAN Increases Expression [13]
G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 (CCND1) OT8HPTKJ CCND1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [12]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3) OTCYKGKO MK03_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [7]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) OTH85PI5 MK01_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [7]
CD70 antigen (CD70) OTHB2AL1 CD70_HUMAN Decreases Expression [14]
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 (PTGS2) OT75U9M4 PGH2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [12]
Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBF1) OTWBRPAI SRBP1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [15]
Melanocyte protein PMEL (PMEL) OTCDDHHM PMEL_HUMAN Increases Expression [6]
Melanoma-associated antigen 1 (MAGEA1) OTXAO193 MAGA1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [6]
Thyroxine 5-deiodinase (DIO3) OTNTITOT IOD3_HUMAN Decreases Expression [16]
Melanoma antigen recognized by T-cells 1 (MLANA) OT1N2S2K MAR1_HUMAN Increases Expression [6]
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1A) OTADSC03 HIF1A_HUMAN Increases Expression [13]
GTPase KRas (KRAS) OT78QCN8 RASK_HUMAN Affects Response To Substance [17]
Serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf (BRAF) OT7S81XQ BRAF_HUMAN Increases Response To Substance [18]
Heat shock 70 kDa protein 1A (HSPA1A) OTKGIE76 HS71A_HUMAN Decreases Response To Substance [19]
GTPase NRas (NRAS) OTVQ1DG3 RASN_HUMAN Affects Response To Substance [17]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
⏷ Show the Full List of 19 DOT(s)
Indication(s) of Mechlorethamine
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Chronic myelogenous leukaemia 2A20.0 Approved [3]
Lung cancer 2C25.0 Approved [3]
Mycosis fungoides 2B01 Approved [3]
Primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma N.A. Approved [3]
Small lymphocytic lymphoma 2A82.0 Approved [3]
T-cell lymphoma 2A90 Approved [4]
Hodgkin lymphoma 2B30 Phase 3 [5]
Classic Hodgkin lymphoma N.A. Investigative [3]
Mechlorethamine Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Human Deoxyribonucleic acid (hDNA) TTUTN1I NOUNIPROTAC Intercalator [22]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mechlorethamine Interacts with 19 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2 (ERBB2) OTOAUNCK ERBB2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [23]
Cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53) OTIE1VH3 P53_HUMAN Decreases Activity [24]
Transcription factor Jun (JUN) OTCYBO6X JUN_HUMAN Increases Expression [25]
Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) OTW1SC2N CDK1_HUMAN Decreases Activity [26]
Glutathione S-transferase A2 (GSTA2) OTW7UB1H GSTA2_HUMAN Increases Expression [27]
Interleukin-8 (CXCL8) OTS7T5VH IL8_HUMAN Increases Expression [25]
Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 (BCL2) OT9DVHC0 BCL2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [28]
G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B1 (CCNB1) OT19S7E5 CCNB1_HUMAN Decreases Activity [26]
Transcription factor JunB (JUNB) OTG2JXV5 JUNB_HUMAN Increases Expression [25]
Transcription factor JunD (JUND) OTNKACJD JUND_HUMAN Increases Expression [25]
Cyclin-A2 (CCNA2) OTPHHYZJ CCNA2_HUMAN Increases Stability [26]
Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) OTB5DYYZ CDK2_HUMAN Increases Activity [26]
Protein S100-P (S100P) OTJCXNJG S100P_HUMAN Increases Expression [29]
Caspase-3 (CASP3) OTIJRBE7 CASP3_HUMAN Increases Activity [30]
Caspase-2 (CASP2) OTUDYSPP CASP2_HUMAN Increases Activity [28]
Caspase-9 (CASP9) OTD4RFFG CASP9_HUMAN Increases Activity [28]
Laminin subunit gamma-2 (LAMC2) OTJMTM72 LAMC2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [31]
Bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer (BAK1) OTDP6ILW BAK_HUMAN Increases Expression [32]
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1 (TRPA1) OTRDIR5M TRPA1_HUMAN Increases Response To Substance [33]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
⏷ Show the Full List of 19 DOT(s)

Test Results of This Drug Combination in Other Disease Systems

Indication DrugCom ID Cell Line Status REF
Adenocarcinoma DCVDNVK HCT-15 Investigative [1]
Chronic myelogenous leukemia DCEJWH5 K-562 Investigative [1]
Large cell lung carcinoma DCVYL0Y NCI-H460 Investigative [1]
Malignant melanoma DC6992A LOX IMVI Investigative [1]
Plasma cell myeloma DCEPRNE RPMI-8226 Investigative [1]
Renal cell carcinoma DCATCNW SN12C Investigative [1]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
⏷ Show the Full List of 6 DrugCom(s)

References

1 Loss of function mutations in VARS encoding cytoplasmic valyl-tRNA synthetase cause microcephaly, seizures, and progressive cerebral atrophy.Hum Genet. 2018 Apr;137(4):293-303. doi: 10.1007/s00439-018-1882-3. Epub 2018 Apr 24.
2 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 5893).
3 Mechlorethamine FDA Label
4 Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
5 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7218).
6 PLX4032 Mediated Melanoma Associated Antigen Potentiation in Patient Derived Primary Melanoma Cells. J Cancer. 2015 Oct 29;6(12):1320-30. doi: 10.7150/jca.11126. eCollection 2015.
7 Actin remodeling confers BRAF inhibitor resistance to melanoma cells through YAP/TAZ activation. EMBO J. 2016 Mar 1;35(5):462-78. doi: 10.15252/embj.201592081. Epub 2015 Dec 14.
8 Differential effects of the oncogenic BRAF inhibitor PLX4032 (vemurafenib) and its progenitor PLX4720 on ABCB1 function. J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2014;17(1):154-68.
9 Contribution of OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 to the disposition of sorafenib and sorafenib-glucuronide. Clin Cancer Res. 2013 Mar 15;19(6):1458-66.
10 Vemurafenib for the treatment of melanoma. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2012 Dec;13(17):2533-43.
11 Perturbation biology nominates upstream-downstream drug combinations in RAF inhibitor resistant melanoma cells. Elife. 2015 Aug 18;4:e04640. doi: 10.7554/eLife.04640.
12 Role of the protein kinase BRAF in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Expert Opin Ther Targets. 2016 Aug;20(8):1017-29. doi: 10.1080/14728222.2016.1180367. Epub 2016 May 4.
13 Overcoming melanoma resistance to vemurafenib by targeting CCL2-induced miR-34a, miR-100 and miR-125b. Oncotarget. 2016 Jan 26;7(4):4428-41. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.6599.
14 Melanoma Expressed-CD70 Is Regulated by RhoA and MAPK Pathways without Affecting Vemurafenib Treatment Activity. PLoS One. 2016 Feb 1;11(2):e0148095. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148095. eCollection 2016.
15 Sustained SREBP-1-dependent lipogenesis as a key mediator of resistance to BRAF-targeted therapy. Nat Commun. 2018 Jun 27;9(1):2500. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04664-0.
16 MAPK and SHH pathways modulate type 3 deiodinase expression in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2016 Mar;23(3):135-46. doi: 10.1530/ERC-15-0162.
17 Paradoxical activation of MEK/ERK signaling induced by B-Raf inhibition enhances DR5 expression and DR5 activation-induced apoptosis in Ras-mutant cancer cells. Sci Rep. 2016 May 25;6:26803. doi: 10.1038/srep26803.
18 The BRAFT1799A mutation confers sensitivity of thyroid cancer cells to the BRAFV600E inhibitor PLX4032 (RG7204). Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2011 Jan 28;404(4):958-62. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.12.088. Epub 2010 Dec 23.
19 HSP70 Inhibition Limits FAK-Dependent Invasion and Enhances the Response to Melanoma Treatment with BRAF Inhibitors. Cancer Res. 2016 May 1;76(9):2720-30. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-15-2137. Epub 2016 Mar 16.
20 Thioredoxin Cross-Linking by Nitrogen Mustard in Lung Epithelial Cells: Formation of Multimeric Thioredoxin/Thioredoxin Reductase Complexes and Inhibition of Disulfide Reduction. Chem Res Toxicol. 2015 Nov 16;28(11):2091-103. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00194. Epub 2015 Oct 19.
21 Cross-linking of thioredoxin reductase by the sulfur mustard analogue mechlorethamine (methylbis(2-chloroethyl)amine) in human lung epithelial cells and rat lung: selective inhibition of disulfide reduction but not redox cycling. Chem Res Toxicol. 2014 Jan 21;27(1):61-75. doi: 10.1021/tx400329a. Epub 2013 Dec 9.
22 Proteomic analysis of DNA-protein cross-linking by antitumor nitrogen mustards. Chem Res Toxicol. 2009 Jun;22(6):1151-62.
23 Down-regulation of HER-2 expression in human breast cancer cell HBC-4 and ZR75-1 by nitrogen-mustard-N-oxide. Kobe J Med Sci. 2007;53(4):135-42.
24 Nitrogen Mustard Alkylates and Cross-Links p53 in Human Keratinocytes. Chem Res Toxicol. 2022 Apr 18;35(4):636-650. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00420. Epub 2022 Mar 21.
25 Nitrogen mustard prevents transport of Fra-1 into the nucleus to promote c-Fos- and FosB-dependent IL-8 induction in injured mouse epidermis. Toxicol Lett. 2020 Feb 1;319:256-263. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.10.006. Epub 2019 Oct 19.
26 G2 delay induced by nitrogen mustard in human cells affects cyclin A/cdk2 and cyclin B1/cdc2-kinase complexes differently. J Biol Chem. 1993 Apr 15;268(11):8298-308.
27 Overexpression of GSTA2 protects against cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induced by the DNA inter-strand crosslinking nitrogen mustard, mechlorethamine. J Cell Biochem. 2005 May 15;95(2):339-51. doi: 10.1002/jcb.20440.
28 Inhibition of caspase-dependent mitochondrial permeability transition protects airway epithelial cells against mustard-induced apoptosis. Apoptosis. 2006 Sep;11(9):1545-59. doi: 10.1007/s10495-006-8764-1.
29 S100P is selectively upregulated in tumor cell lines challenged with DNA cross-linking agents. Leuk Res. 2005 Oct;29(10):1181-90. doi: 10.1016/j.leukres.2005.03.012.
30 Ebselen reduces the toxicity of mechlorethamine in A-431 cells via inhibition of apoptosis. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2013 Jun;27(6):313-22. doi: 10.1002/jbt.21490. Epub 2013 May 6.
31 Histopathologic and immunohistochemical features in human skin after exposure to nitrogen and sulfur mustard. Am J Dermatopathol. 1998 Feb;20(1):22-8. doi: 10.1097/00000372-199802000-00005.
32 Increased expression of VDAC1 sensitizes carcinoma cells to apoptosis induced by DNA cross-linking agents. Biochem Pharmacol. 2012 May 1;83(9):1172-82. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2012.01.017. Epub 2012 Jan 21.
33 Activation of the human TRPA1 channel by different alkylating sulfur and nitrogen mustards and structurally related chemotherapeutic drugs. Toxicol Lett. 2023 Mar 1;376:51-59. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.01.007. Epub 2023 Jan 21.