Details of the Drug-Related molecule(s) Interaction Atlas

General Information of Drug (ID: DMGYMW4)

• Drug Name: Guajazulen Drug Info
• Synonyms: AZ-8 beris; Azulen-beris; Azulol; Azulon; Azunol; Azunol (TN); Cuteazul; Eucazulen; Guaiazulene, 99%; Guajazulene; Guiazulene; Gurjunazulen; Kessazulen; Purazulen; S-Guaiazulene; Silazulon; Uroazulen; Vaumigan; Vetivazulen; guaiazulen; guaiazulene; hepatoprotectant; 1,4-Dimethyl-7-(1-methylethyl)azulene; 1,4-Dimethyl-7-isopropylazulene; 1,4-dimethyl-7-(propan-2-yl)azulene; 3,8-Dimethyl-5-(2-propyl)azulene; 489-84-9; 7-Isopropyl-1,4-dimethylazulene; Azulene, 1,4-dimethyl-7-(1-methylethyl)-; NSC 4714; UNII-2OZ1K9JKQC
• Cross-matching ID:
  PubChem CID: 3515
  ChEBI ID: CHEBI:5550
  CAS Number: CAS 489-84-9
  TTD Drug ID: DMGYMW4
  INTEDE Drug ID: DR0793

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas

Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Fluorouracil	DMUM7HZ	Adenocarcinoma	2D40	Approved	[3]
Dinoprostone	DMTYOPD	Medical abortion	JA00.1Z	Approved	[4]
Tamoxifen	DMLB0EZ	Breast cancer	2C60-2C65	Approved	[5]
Estradiol	DMUNTE3	Acne vulgaris	ED80	Approved	[6]
Acetaminophen	DMUIE76	Allergic rhinitis	CA08.0	Approved	[7]
Imatinib	DM7RJXL	Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia	2A85	Approved	[8]
Etoposide	DMNH3PG	Acute myelogenous leukaemia	2A41	Approved	[9]
Oxaliplatin	DMQNWRD	Adenocarcinoma	2D40	Approved	[10]
Verapamil	DMA7PEW	Angina pectoris	BA40	Approved	[11]
Diclofenac	DMPIHLS	Chronic renal failure	GB61.Z	Approved	[12]

Drug(s) Affected By Collagen alpha-1(I) chain (COL1A1)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Penicillamine	DM40EF6	Cystinuria	5C60.2	Approved	[13]
Cannabidiol	DM0659E	Dravet syndrome	8A61.11	Approved	[14]
Diazepam	DM08E9O	Alcohol withdrawal		Approved	[15]
Beta-carotene	DM0RXBT	Vitamin deficiency	5B55-5B71	Approved	[16]
Hydrogen peroxide	DM1NG5W	Infectious disease	1A00-CA43.1	Approved	[17]
Methotrexate	DM2TEOL	Anterior urethra cancer		Approved	[18]
Ceruletide	DM2WE5K	Caerulein stimulated gastric and pancreatic secretion	5A4Y	Approved	[19]
Dactinomycin	DM2YGNW	Adult kidney Wilms tumor		Approved	[20]
Simvastatin	DM30SGU	Arteriosclerosis	BD40	Approved	[21]
Quercetin	DM3NC4M	Obesity	5B81	Approved	[22]

Drug(s) Affected By Caspase-3 (CASP3)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Sevoflurane	DMC9O43	Anaesthesia	9A78.6	Approved	[23]
Arsenic trioxide	DM61TA4	Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia	2A85	Approved	[24]
Lovastatin	DM9OZWQ	Arteriosclerosis	BD40	Approved	[25]
Cidofovir	DMA13GD	Cytomegalovirus infection	1D82	Approved	[26]
Docetaxel	DMDI269	Advanced cancer	2A00-2F9Z	Approved	[27]
Etoposide	DMNH3PG	Acute myelogenous leukaemia	2A41	Approved	[28]
Cisplatin	DMRHGI9	Adenocarcinoma	2D40	Approved	[29]
Mannitol	DMSCDY9	Bronchiectasis	CA24	Approved	[30]
Doxorubicin	DMVP5YE	Acute myelogenous leukaemia	2A41	Approved	[31]
Aprepitant	DM053KT	Depression	6A70-6A7Z	Approved	[32]

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) Main DME	DEJGDUW	CP1A2_HUMAN	Substrate	[1]

Drug Off-Target (DOT)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Interaction	REF
Caspase-3 (CASP3)	OTIJRBE7	CASP3_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[2]
Collagen alpha-1(I) chain (COL1A1)	OTI31178	CO1A1_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[2]

References

• [1] The influence of the sparteine/debrisoquine genetic polymorphism on the disposition of dexfenfluramine. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1996 Apr;41(4):311-7.
• [2] Cytotoxic activity of guaiazulene on gingival fibroblasts and the influence of light exposure on guaiazulene-induced cell death. Toxicol In Vitro. 2011 Feb;25(1):64-72. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2010.09.008. Epub 2010 Sep 18.
• [3] Roles of cytochromes P450 1A2, 2A6, and 2C8 in 5-fluorouracil formation from tegafur, an anticancer prodrug, in human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Dec;28(12):1457-63.
• [4] Effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids on prostaglandin synthesis and cyclooxygenase-mediated DNA adduct formation by heterocyclic aromatic amines in human adenocarcinoma colon cells. Mol Carcinog. 2004 Jul;40(3):180-8.
• [5] Endoxifen and other metabolites of tamoxifen inhibit human hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase 2A1 (hSULT2A1). Drug Metab Dispos. 2014 Nov;42(11):1843-50.
• [6] Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) activity and risk factors for breast cancer: a cross-sectional study. Breast Cancer Res. 2004;6(4):R352-65.
• [7] PharmGKB summary: pathways of acetaminophen metabolism at the therapeutic versus toxic doses. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2015 Aug;25(8):416-26.
• [8] The effect of apigenin on pharmacokinetics of imatinib and its metabolite N-desmethyl imatinib in rats. Biomed Res Int. 2013;2013:789184.
• [9] Effects of morin on the pharmacokinetics of etoposide in rats. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2007 Apr;28(3):151-6.
• [10] The influence of metabolic gene polymorphisms on urinary 1-hydroxypyrene concentrations in Chinese coke oven workers. Sci Total Environ. 2007 Aug 1;381(1-3):38-46.
• [11] Identification of P450 enzymes involved in metabolism of verapamil in humans. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1993 Sep;348(3):332-7.
• [12] Metabolism and metabolic inhibition of xanthotoxol in human liver microsomes. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:5416509.
• [13] ADReCS-Target: target profiles for aiding drug safety research and application. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D911-D917. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx899.
• [14] Investigation of in vitro odonto/osteogenic capacity of cannabidiol on human dental pulp cell. J Dent. 2021 Jun;109:103673. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103673. Epub 2021 Apr 16.
• [15] Patterns of some extracellular matrix gene expression are similar in cells from cleft lip-palate patients and in human palatal fibroblasts exposed to diazepam in culture. Toxicology. 2009 Mar 4;257(1-2):10-6. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2008.12.002. Epub 2008 Dec 9.
• [16] Beta-carotene and apocarotenals promote retinoid signaling in BEAS-2B human bronchioepithelial cells. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2006 Nov 1;455(1):48-60.
• [17] Protective effects of myricitrin against osteoporosis via reducing reactive oxygen species and bone-resorbing cytokines. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2014 Nov 1;280(3):550-60.
• [18] Gene expression profiling of rheumatoid arthritis synovial cells treated with antirheumatic drugs. J Biomol Screen. 2007 Apr;12(3):328-40. doi: 10.1177/1087057107299261. Epub 2007 Mar 22.
• [19] Acinar cell-specific knockout of the PTHrP gene decreases the proinflammatory and profibrotic responses in pancreatitis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2014 Sep 1;307(5):G533-49. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00428.2013. Epub 2014 Jul 17.
• [20] The effects of particulate wear debris, cytokines, and growth factors on the functions of MG-63 osteoblasts. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2001 Feb;83(2):201-11. doi: 10.2106/00004623-200102000-00007.
• [21] Inhibition of systemic sclerosis dermal fibroblast type I collagen production and gene expression by simvastatin. Arthritis Rheum. 2006 Apr;54(4):1298-308. doi: 10.1002/art.21723.
• [22] Antifibrotic effects of quercetin in primary orbital fibroblasts and orbital fat tissue cultures of Graves' orbitopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012 Aug 31;53(9):5921-9. doi: 10.1167/iovs.12-9646.
• [23] Different apoptosis ratios and gene expressions in two human cell lines after sevoflurane anaesthesia. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2009 Oct;53(9):1192-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.2009.02036.x. Epub 2009 Jun 30.
• [24] [Mechanisms underlying the effect of arsenic trioxide on proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induction in myeloma cell line u266]. Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi. 2007 Oct;15(5):982-5.
• [25] Lovastatin lactone elicits human lung cancer cell apoptosis via a COX-2/PPAR-dependent pathway. Oncotarget. 2016 Mar 1;7(9):10345-62. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.7213.
• [26] Induction of apoptosis by cidofovir in human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive cells. Oncol Res. 2000;12(9-10):397-408. doi: 10.3727/096504001108747855.
• [27] Comparison of burst of reactive oxygen species and activation of caspase-3 in apoptosis of K562 and HL-60 cells induced by docetaxel. Cancer Lett. 2004 Oct 8;214(1):103-13. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2004.03.047.
• [28] Induction of mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase confers resistance to apoptosis in acute myeloblastic leukaemia cells exposed to etoposide. Br J Haematol. 2000 Mar;108(3):574-81. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2000.01852.x.
• [29] Cisplatin-enhanced sensitivity of glioblastoma multiforme U251 cells to adenovirus-delivered TRAIL in vitro. Tumour Biol. 2010 Dec;31(6):613-22. doi: 10.1007/s13277-010-0077-x. Epub 2010 Jul 11.
• [30] Insulin-like growth factor I is the key growth factor in serum that protects neuroblastoma cells from hyperosmotic-induced apoptosis. J Cell Physiol. 2000 Jan;182(1):24-32. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4652(200001)182:1<24::AID-JCP3>3.0.CO;2-6.
• [31] mRNA expression analysis of a variety of apoptosis-related genes, including the novel gene of the BCL2-family, BCL2L12, in HL-60 leukemia cells after treatment with carboplatin and doxorubicin. Biol Chem. 2004 Nov;385(11):1099-103. doi: 10.1515/BC.2004.143.
• [32] Neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) inhibition sensitizes APL cells to anti-tumor effect of arsenic trioxide via restriction of NF-B axis: Shedding new light on resistance to Aprepitant. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2018 Oct;103:105-114. doi: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.08.010. Epub 2018 Aug 23.