General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DC2DS8Q)

Drug Combination Name
Valsartan Enalapril
Indication
Disease Entry Status REF
Hypertension Phase 1 [1]
Component Drugs Valsartan   DMREUQ6 Enalapril   DMNFUZR
Small molecular drug Small molecular drug
2D MOL 2D MOL
3D MOL 3D MOL

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)
Indication(s) of Valsartan
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Chronic heart failure BD1Z Approved [2]
Hypertension BA00-BA04 Approved [3]
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) 1D6Y Phase 3 [4]
Nephropathy GC2Z Investigative [2]
Valsartan Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Angiotensin II receptor type-1 (AGTR1) TT8DBY3 AGTR1_HUMAN Antagonist [8]
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Valsartan Interacts with 5 DTP Molecule(s)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (ABCC2) DTFI42L MRP2_HUMAN Substrate [9]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 (SLCO1B1) DT3D8F0 SO1B1_HUMAN Substrate [10]
Peptide transporter 1 (SLC15A1) DT9G7XN S15A1_HUMAN Substrate [11]
Organic anion transporter 3 (SLC22A8) DTVP67E S22A8_HUMAN Substrate [12]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B3 (SLCO1B3) DT9C1TS SO1B3_HUMAN Substrate [9]
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Valsartan Interacts with 1 DME Molecule(s)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) DE5IED8 CP2C9_HUMAN Metabolism [13]
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Valsartan Interacts with 17 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Organic anion transporter 3 (SLC22A8) OT8BY933 S22A8_HUMAN Increases Expression [14]
Angiotensinogen (AGT) OTBZLYR3 ANGT_HUMAN Increases Expression [15]
Transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein (TGFB1) OTV5XHVH TGFB1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [16]
Serum amyloid P-component (APCS) OT76JZ8Z SAMP_HUMAN Decreases Expression [17]
Albumin (ALB) OTVMM513 ALBU_HUMAN Decreases Export [18]
Angiogenin (ANG) OT3ECS6P ANGI_HUMAN Decreases Expression [7]
Fatty acid-binding protein, adipocyte (FABP4) OT3DKFOU FABP4_HUMAN Decreases Expression [7]
Natriuretic peptides B (NPPB) OTSN2IPY ANFB_HUMAN Decreases Expression [19]
Macrophage mannose receptor 1 (MRC1) OTTVCOPT MRC1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [7]
Cathepsin S (CTSS) OT3PXIPM CATS_HUMAN Decreases Expression [7]
Hematopoietic progenitor cell antigen CD34 (CD34) OT1MOFLZ CD34_HUMAN Decreases Expression [7]
Macrosialin (CD68) OTOYEY3J CD68_HUMAN Decreases Expression [7]
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) OTHMARHO PPARG_HUMAN Decreases Expression [7]
CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (CEBPA) OTOM9OE4 CEBPA_HUMAN Decreases Expression [7]
Coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CXADR) OT9ZP02A CXAR_HUMAN Decreases Expression [20]
Scavenger receptor cysteine-rich type 1 protein M130 (CD163) OT2E32LN C163A_HUMAN Decreases Expression [7]
Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5) OTSXFBXB CP3A5_HUMAN Affects Response To Substance [21]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 17 DOT(s)
Indication(s) of Enalapril
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Congestive heart failure BD10 Approved [5]
Hypertension BA00-BA04 Approved [6]
Malignant essential hypertension BA00 Approved [5]
Enalapril Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) TTL69WB ACE_HUMAN Inhibitor [22]
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Enalapril Interacts with 6 DTP Molecule(s)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (ABCC2) DTFI42L MRP2_HUMAN Substrate [23]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 (SLCO1B1) DT3D8F0 SO1B1_HUMAN Substrate [24]
Peptide transporter 1 (SLC15A1) DT9G7XN S15A1_HUMAN Substrate [25]
Peptide transporter 2 (SLC15A2) DT8QKNP S15A2_HUMAN Substrate [26]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1A2 (SLCO1A2) DTE2B1D SO1A2_HUMAN Substrate [27]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B3 (SLCO1B3) DT9C1TS SO1B3_HUMAN Substrate [23]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 6 DTP(s)
Enalapril Interacts with 3 DME Molecule(s)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) DE4LYSA CP3A4_HUMAN Metabolism [28]
Carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) DEB30C5 EST1_HUMAN Metabolism [29]
Dipeptidase (pepV) DEQMBHW Q84BU9_LACLH Metabolism [30]
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Enalapril Interacts with 13 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) OTQGYY83 CP3A4_HUMAN Increases ADR [31]
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1 (SLCO1B1) OTNEN8QK SO1B1_HUMAN Affects Abundance [32]
Carbonic anhydrase 2 (CA2) OTJRMUAG CAH2_HUMAN Decreases Activity [33]
Renin (REN) OT52GZR2 RENI_HUMAN Decreases Activity [34]
Angiotensinogen (AGT) OTBZLYR3 ANGT_HUMAN Decreases Expression [35]
Natriuretic peptides A (NPPA) OTMQNTNX ANF_HUMAN Decreases Expression [36]
Erythropoietin (EPO) OTZ90CN4 EPO_HUMAN Decreases Expression [35]
Angiogenin (ANG) OT3ECS6P ANGI_HUMAN Decreases Expression [37]
Tissue factor (F3) OT3MSU3B TF_HUMAN Decreases Expression [38]
Somatotropin (GH1) OT92RTRD SOMA_HUMAN Increases Response To Substance [39]
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 4 (ABCC4) OTO27PAL MRP4_HUMAN Increases Transport [40]
B2 bradykinin receptor (BDKRB2) OTOA9D3W BKRB2_HUMAN Increases ADR [31]
Interleukin-6 (IL6) OTUOSCCU IL6_HUMAN Affects Response To Substance [41]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 13 DOT(s)

References

1 ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00446511) Extension Study to Assess Long Term Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of Valsartan and Enalapril Combined and Alone in Children With Hypertension
2 Valsartan FDA Label
3 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 3937).
4 Valsartan for Prevention of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Hospitalized Patients With SARS-COV-2 (COVID-19) Infection Disease
5 Enalapril FDA Label
6 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 6322).
7 Valsartan improves adipose tissue function in humans with impaired glucose metabolism: a randomized placebo-controlled double-blind trial. PLoS One. 2012;7(6):e39930. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039930. Epub 2012 Jun 29.
8 Radioligand binding assays: application of [(125)I]angiotensin II receptor binding. Methods Mol Biol. 2009;552:131-41.
9 Involvement of transporters in the hepatic uptake and biliary excretion of valsartan, a selective antagonist of the angiotensin II AT1-receptor, in humans. Drug Metab Dispos. 2006 Jul;34(7):1247-54.
10 Regulation of Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptides (OATP) 1B1- and OATP1B3-Mediated Transport: An Updated Review in the Context of OATP-Mediated Drug-Drug Interactions. Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Mar 14;19(3). pii: E855.
11 High-affinity interaction of sartans with H+/peptide transporters. Drug Metab Dispos. 2009 Jan;37(1):143-9.
12 Prediction of the overall renal tubular secretion and hepatic clearance of anionic drugs and a renal drug-drug interaction involving organic anion transporter 3 in humans by in vitro uptake experiments. Drug Metab Dispos. 2011 Jun;39(6):1031-8.
13 In vitro inhibition screening of human hepatic P450 enzymes by five angiotensin-II receptor antagonists. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2000 May;56(2):135-40.
14 Uric acid accumulation in the kidney triggers mast cell degranulation and aggravates renal oxidative stress. Toxicology. 2023 Jan 1;483:153387. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153387. Epub 2022 Dec 1.
15 Angiotensin II receptor blockade in normotensive subjects: A direct comparison of three AT1 receptor antagonists. Hypertension. 1999 Mar;33(3):850-5. doi: 10.1161/01.hyp.33.3.850.
16 [The relationship between the gene polymorphism of TGF-beta1 and early renal injury in patients with essential hypertension, and the effect of the gene polymorphism of TGF- beta1 on the individual treatment with valsartan]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Yi Chuan Xue Za Zhi. 2007 Aug;24(4):428-31.
17 C-reactive protein in heart failure: prognostic value and the effect of valsartan. Circulation. 2005 Sep 6;112(10):1428-34. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.508465. Epub 2005 Aug 29.
18 Is renoprotection by angiotensin receptor blocker dependent on blood pressure?: the Saitama Medical School, Albuminuria Reduction in Diabetics with Valsartan (STAR) study. Hypertens Res. 2007 Jun;30(6):529-33. doi: 10.1291/hypres.30.529.
19 Effects of valsartan on circulating brain natriuretic peptide and norepinephrine in symptomatic chronic heart failure: the Valsartan Heart Failure Trial (Val-HeFT). Circulation. 2002 Nov 5;106(19):2454-8. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.0000036747.68104.ac.
20 Antiviral effect of Bosentan and Valsartan during coxsackievirus B3 infection of human endothelial cells. J Gen Virol. 2010 Aug;91(Pt 8):1959-1970. doi: 10.1099/vir.0.020065-0. Epub 2010 Apr 14.
21 Comparing antihypertensive effect and plasma ciclosporin concentration between amlodipine and valsartan regimens in hypertensive renal transplant patients receiving ciclosporin therapy. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs. 2011 Dec 1;11(6):401-9. doi: 10.2165/11593800-000000000-00000.
22 Determination of bezafibrate, methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, orlistat and enalapril in waste and surface waters using on-line solid-phase extracti... J Environ Monit. 2009 Apr;11(4):830-8.
23 Vectorial transport of enalapril by Oatp1a1/Mrp2 and OATP1B1 and OATP1B3/MRP2 in rat and human livers. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2006 Jul;318(1):395-402.
24 The modified dipeptide, enalapril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, is transported by the rat liver organic anion transport protein. Hepatology. 1998 Nov;28(5):1341-6.
25 The intestinal H+/peptide symporter PEPT1: structure-affinity relationships. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2004 Jan;21(1):53-60.
26 Ethanol inhibits functional activity of the human intestinal dipeptide transporter hPepT1 expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2008 May;32(5):777-84.
27 Uptake of enalapril and expression of organic anion transporting polypeptide 1 in zonal, isolated rat hepatocytes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Jul;28(7):801-6.
28 Summary of information on human CYP enzymes: human P450 metabolism data. Drug Metab Rev. 2002 Feb-May;34(1-2):83-448.
29 Absorption and cleavage of enalapril, a carboxyl ester prodrug, in the rat intestine: in vitro, in situ intestinal perfusion and portal vein cannulation models. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2015 Sep;36(6):385-397.
30 Characterization and kinetic analysis of enzyme-substrate recognition by three recombinant lactococcal PepVs. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2006 Oct 15;454(2):137-45.
31 ADReCS-Target: target profiles for aiding drug safety research and application. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D911-D917. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx899.
32 Effect of organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1B1 (OATP1B1) polymorphism on the single- and multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of enalapril in healthy Chinese adult men. Clin Ther. 2011 May;33(5):655-63. doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2011.04.018.
33 Captopril/enalapril inhibit promiscuous esterase activity of carbonic anhydrase at micromolar concentrations: An initro study. Chem Biol Interact. 2017 Mar 1;265:24-35.
34 A nonpeptide, piperidine renin inhibitor provides renal and cardiac protection in double-transgenic mice expressing human renin and angiotensinogen genes. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2008 Dec;22(6):469-78. doi: 10.1007/s10557-008-6131-x. Epub 2008 Aug 5.
35 Worsening of anemia by angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and its prevention by antiestrogenic steroid in chronic hemodialysis patients. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1989;13 Suppl 3:S27-30. doi: 10.1097/00005344-198900133-00007.
36 The effect of early converting enzyme inhibition on neurohumoral activation in acute myocardial infarction. Int J Cardiol. 1993 Nov;42(1):37-45. doi: 10.1016/0167-5273(93)90100-u.
37 Effects of enalapril maleate on blood pressure, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, and peripheral sympathetic activity in essential hypertension. Clin Ther. 1987;9(4):390-9.
38 Inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system downregulates tissue factor and vascular endothelial growth factor in human breast carcinoma cells. Thromb Res. 2012 Jun;129(6):736-42. doi: 10.1016/j.thromres.2011.11.047. Epub 2011 Dec 19.
39 Growth hormone aggravates renal abnormalities induced by neonatal enalapril treatment. Pediatr Nephrol. 2003 Sep;18(9):878-86. doi: 10.1007/s00467-003-1197-y. Epub 2003 Jul 23.
40 Multichannel liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry cocktail method for comprehensive substrate characterization of multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 transporter. Pharm Res. 2007 Dec;24(12):2281-96.
41 Effect of enalapril and losartan on cytokines in patients with stable angina pectoris awaiting coronary artery bypass grafting and their interaction with polymorphisms in the interleukin-6 gene. Am J Cardiol. 2004 Sep 1;94(5):564-9. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2004.05.017.