Details of Drug Off-Target (DOT)

General Information of Drug Off-Target (DOT) (ID: OTOYEY3J)

• DOT Name: Macrosialin (CD68)
• Synonyms: Gp110; CD antigen CD68
• Gene Name: CD68
• Related Disease:
  Cutaneous melanoma
  Glioma
  Melanoma
  Adult glioblastoma
  Advanced cancer
  Alzheimer disease
  Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 1
  Breast cancer
  Breast carcinoma
  Breast neoplasm
  Carcinoma
  Chorioamnionitis
  Clear cell renal carcinoma
  Colorectal carcinoma
  Endometriosis
  Epithelial ovarian cancer
  Familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
  Head-neck squamous cell carcinoma
  Hepatitis C virus infection
  IgA nephropathy
  Immunodeficiency
  Inflammatory bowel disease
  Lung cancer
  Lung carcinoma
  Metastatic malignant neoplasm
  Nasal polyp
  Non-small-cell lung cancer
  Obesity
  Osteoarthritis
  Psoriatic arthritis
  Renal cell carcinoma
  Rheumatoid arthritis
  Squamous cell carcinoma
  Type-1/2 diabetes
  Arteriosclerosis
  Atherosclerosis
  Diabetic kidney disease
  Stomach cancer
  Chronic renal failure
  Fatty liver disease
  Gastric cancer
  Glioblastoma multiforme
  Hyperinsulinemia
  Ischemia
  Non-insulin dependent diabetes
  Pancreatic cancer
• UniProt ID: CD68_HUMAN
• Pfam ID: PF01299
• Sequence:
  MRLAVLFSGALLGLLAAQGTGNDCPHKKSATLLPSFTVTPTVTESTGTTSHRTTKSHKTT
  THRTTTTGTTSHGPTTATHNPTTTSHGNVTVHPTSNSTATSQGPSTATHSPATTSHGNAT
  VHPTSNSTATSPGFTSSAHPEPPPPSPSPSPTSKETIGDYTWTNGSQPCVHLQAQIQIRV
  MYTTQGGGEAWGISVLNPNKTKVQGSCEGAHPHLLLSFPYGHLSFGFMQDLQQKVVYLSY
  MAVEYNVSFPHAAQWTFSAQNASLRDLQAPLGQSFSCSNSSIILSPAVHLDLLSLRLQAA
  QLPHTGVFGQSFSCPSDRSILLPLIIGLILLGLLALVLIAFCIIRRRPSAYQAL
• Function: Could play a role in phagocytic activities of tissue macrophages, both in intracellular lysosomal metabolism and extracellular cell-cell and cell-pathogen interactions. Binds to tissue- and organ-specific lectins or selectins, allowing homing of macrophage subsets to particular sites. Rapid recirculation of CD68 from endosomes and lysosomes to the plasma membrane may allow macrophages to crawl over selectin-bearing substrates or other cells.
• Tissue Specificity: Highly expressed by blood monocytes and tissue macrophages. Also expressed in lymphocytes, fibroblasts and endothelial cells. Expressed in many tumor cell lines which could allow them to attach to selectins on vascular endothelium, facilitating their dissemination to secondary sites.
• KEGG Pathway: Lysosome (hsa04142)
• Reactome Pathway: Neutrophil degranulation (R-HSA-6798695)

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This DOT

46 Disease(s) Related to This DOT

Disease Name	Disease ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
Cutaneous melanoma	DIS3MMH9	Definitive	Biomarker	[1]
Glioma	DIS5RPEH	Definitive	Altered Expression	[2]
Melanoma	DIS1RRCY	Definitive	Biomarker	[1]
Adult glioblastoma	DISVP4LU	Strong	Biomarker	[3]
Advanced cancer	DISAT1Z9	Strong	Biomarker	[4]
Alzheimer disease	DISF8S70	Strong	Biomarker	[5]
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 1	DIS5A2M0	Strong	Biomarker	[6]
Breast cancer	DIS7DPX1	Strong	Biomarker	[7]
Breast carcinoma	DIS2UE88	Strong	Biomarker	[7]
Breast neoplasm	DISNGJLM	Strong	Biomarker	[8]
Carcinoma	DISH9F1N	Strong	Biomarker	[9]
Chorioamnionitis	DISL1D9U	Strong	Biomarker	[10]
Clear cell renal carcinoma	DISBXRFJ	Strong	Biomarker	[11]
Colorectal carcinoma	DIS5PYL0	Strong	Altered Expression	[12]
Endometriosis	DISX1AG8	Strong	Biomarker	[13]
Epithelial ovarian cancer	DIS56MH2	Strong	Biomarker	[14]
Familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis	DISWZ9CJ	Strong	Biomarker	[6]
Head-neck squamous cell carcinoma	DISF7P24	Strong	Biomarker	[15]
Hepatitis C virus infection	DISQ0M8R	Strong	Altered Expression	[16]
IgA nephropathy	DISZ8MTK	Strong	Biomarker	[17]
Immunodeficiency	DIS093I0	Strong	Altered Expression	[18]
Inflammatory bowel disease	DISGN23E	Strong	Biomarker	[19]
Lung cancer	DISCM4YA	Strong	Biomarker	[20]
Lung carcinoma	DISTR26C	Strong	Biomarker	[20]
Metastatic malignant neoplasm	DIS86UK6	Strong	Biomarker	[4]
Nasal polyp	DISLP3XE	Strong	Biomarker	[21]
Non-small-cell lung cancer	DIS5Y6R9	Strong	Biomarker	[22]
Obesity	DIS47Y1K	Strong	Biomarker	[23]
Osteoarthritis	DIS05URM	Strong	Biomarker	[24]
Psoriatic arthritis	DISLWTG2	Strong	Biomarker	[25]
Renal cell carcinoma	DISQZ2X8	Strong	Biomarker	[26]
Rheumatoid arthritis	DISTSB4J	Strong	Biomarker	[27]
Squamous cell carcinoma	DISQVIFL	Strong	Biomarker	[28]
Type-1/2 diabetes	DISIUHAP	Strong	Biomarker	[29]
Arteriosclerosis	DISK5QGC	moderate	Biomarker	[30]
Atherosclerosis	DISMN9J3	moderate	Biomarker	[30]
Diabetic kidney disease	DISJMWEY	moderate	Altered Expression	[31]
Stomach cancer	DISKIJSX	moderate	Altered Expression	[32]
Chronic renal failure	DISGG7K6	Limited	Altered Expression	[33]
Fatty liver disease	DIS485QZ	Limited	Altered Expression	[34]
Gastric cancer	DISXGOUK	Limited	Altered Expression	[32]
Glioblastoma multiforme	DISK8246	Limited	Altered Expression	[35]
Hyperinsulinemia	DISIDWT6	Limited	Biomarker	[23]
Ischemia	DIS5XOOY	Limited	Biomarker	[36]
Non-insulin dependent diabetes	DISK1O5Z	Limited	Biomarker	[37]
Pancreatic cancer	DISJC981	Limited	Biomarker	[38]

26 Drug(s) Affected the Gene/Protein Processing of This DOT

Drug Name	Drug ID	Highest Status	Interaction	REF
Ciclosporin	DMAZJFX	Approved	Ciclosporin decreases the expression of Macrosialin (CD68).	[39]
Tretinoin	DM49DUI	Approved	Tretinoin increases the expression of Macrosialin (CD68).	[40]
Doxorubicin	DMVP5YE	Approved	Doxorubicin increases the expression of Macrosialin (CD68).	[41]
Cupric Sulfate	DMP0NFQ	Approved	Cupric Sulfate decreases the expression of Macrosialin (CD68).	[42]
Cisplatin	DMRHGI9	Approved	Cisplatin increases the expression of Macrosialin (CD68).	[43]
Estradiol	DMUNTE3	Approved	Estradiol affects the expression of Macrosialin (CD68).	[44]
Temozolomide	DMKECZD	Approved	Temozolomide decreases the expression of Macrosialin (CD68).	[45]
Hydrogen peroxide	DM1NG5W	Approved	Hydrogen peroxide affects the expression of Macrosialin (CD68).	[46]
Calcitriol	DM8ZVJ7	Approved	Calcitriol increases the expression of Macrosialin (CD68).	[47]
Testosterone	DM7HUNW	Approved	Testosterone increases the expression of Macrosialin (CD68).	[47]
Methotrexate	DM2TEOL	Approved	Methotrexate decreases the expression of Macrosialin (CD68).	[25]
Zoledronate	DMIXC7G	Approved	Zoledronate increases the expression of Macrosialin (CD68).	[49]
Dexamethasone	DMMWZET	Approved	Dexamethasone increases the expression of Macrosialin (CD68).	[50]
Niclosamide	DMJAGXQ	Approved	Niclosamide increases the expression of Macrosialin (CD68).	[51]
Cannabidiol	DM0659E	Approved	Cannabidiol decreases the expression of Macrosialin (CD68).	[52]
DTI-015	DMXZRW0	Approved	DTI-015 decreases the expression of Macrosialin (CD68).	[53]
Propofol	DMB4OLE	Approved	Propofol increases the expression of Macrosialin (CD68).	[54]
Sevoflurane	DMC9O43	Approved	Sevoflurane increases the expression of Macrosialin (CD68).	[54]
Valsartan	DMREUQ6	Approved	Valsartan decreases the expression of Macrosialin (CD68).	[55]
Urethane	DM7NSI0	Phase 4	Urethane increases the expression of Macrosialin (CD68).	[56]
phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate	DMJWD62	Phase 2	phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate increases the expression of Macrosialin (CD68).	[57]
PMID28460551-Compound-2	DM4DOUB	Patented	PMID28460551-Compound-2 increases the expression of Macrosialin (CD68).	[59]
Bisphenol A	DM2ZLD7	Investigative	Bisphenol A affects the expression of Macrosialin (CD68).	[60]
Sulforaphane	DMQY3L0	Investigative	Sulforaphane increases the expression of Macrosialin (CD68).	[61]
Rapamycin Immunosuppressant Drug	DM678IB	Investigative	Rapamycin Immunosuppressant Drug decreases the expression of Macrosialin (CD68).	[62]
Hydroxydimethylarsine Oxide	DMPS2B1	Investigative	Hydroxydimethylarsine Oxide increases the expression of Macrosialin (CD68).	[63]

1 Drug(s) Affected the Post-Translational Modifications of This DOT

Drug Name	Drug ID	Highest Status	Interaction	REF
Benzo(a)pyrene	DMN7J43	Phase 1	Benzo(a)pyrene increases the methylation of Macrosialin (CD68).	[58]

References

• [1] The number and localization of CD68+ and CD163+ macrophages in different stages of cutaneous melanoma.Melanoma Res. 2019 Jun;29(3):237-247. doi: 10.1097/CMR.0000000000000522.
• [2] BAMBI promotes macrophage proliferation and differentiation in gliomas.Mol Med Rep. 2018 Mar;17(3):3960-3966. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8320. Epub 2017 Dec 20.
• [3] Effects of tumor grade and dexamethasone on myeloid cells in patients with glioma.Oncoimmunology. 2018 Aug 27;7(11):e1507668. doi: 10.1080/2162402X.2018.1507668. eCollection 2018.
• [4] Redox state of adipose tissue for patients with gastric cancer and its connection with the body mass index and distance from the tumor.Obes Res Clin Pract. 2020 Jan-Feb;14(1):34-38. doi: 10.1016/j.orcp.2019.10.003. Epub 2019 Nov 9.
• [5] Curcumin restores innate immune Alzheimer's disease risk gene expression to ameliorate Alzheimer pathogenesis.Neurobiol Dis. 2019 Jul;127:432-448. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.02.015. Epub 2019 Apr 2.
• [6] Differential expression of inflammation- and apoptosis-related genes in spinal cords of a mutant SOD1 transgenic mouse model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.J Neurochem. 2002 Jan;80(1):158-67. doi: 10.1046/j.0022-3042.2001.00683.x.
• [7] Fibrotic aortic valve disease after radiotherapy: an immunohistochemical study in breast cancer and lymphoma patients.Cardiovasc Pathol. 2020 Mar-Apr;45:107176. doi: 10.1016/j.carpath.2019.107176. Epub 2019 Nov 15.
• [8] Assessment of PD-L1 expression across breast cancer molecular subtypes, in relation to mutation rate, BRCA1-like status, tumor-infiltrating immune cells and survival.Oncoimmunology. 2018 Sep 11;7(12):e1509820. doi: 10.1080/2162402X.2018.1509820. eCollection 2018.
• [9] Mast cells co-expressing CD68 and inorganic polyphosphate are linked with colorectal cancer.PLoS One. 2018 Mar 15;13(3):e0193089. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193089. eCollection 2018.
• [10] Histological changes in the umbilical artery following severe chorioamnionitis and funisitis may be indicative of early atherosclerosis.Placenta. 2017 Feb;50:40-43. doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2016.12.021. Epub 2016 Dec 24.
• [11] Microvascular density, macrophages, and mast cells in human clear cell renal carcinoma with and without bevacizumab treatment.Urol Oncol. 2019 Jun;37(6):355.e11-355.e19. doi: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2019.01.025. Epub 2019 Feb 6.
• [12] Crosstalk between cancer cells and tumor associated macrophages is required for mesenchymal circulating tumor cell-mediated colorectal cancer metastasis.Mol Cancer. 2019 Mar 30;18(1):64. doi: 10.1186/s12943-019-0976-4.
• [13] Impaired CXCL4 expression in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) of ovarian cancers arising in endometriosis.Cancer Biol Ther. 2012 Jun;13(8):671-80. doi: 10.4161/cbt.20084. Epub 2012 Jun 1.
• [14] Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and homologous recombination deficiency are independently associated with improved survival in ovarian carcinoma.Gynecol Oncol. 2019 May;153(2):217-222. doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.02.011. Epub 2019 Feb 23.
• [15] Prognostic significance of CD68(+) and CD163(+) tumor associated macrophages in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Oral Oncol. 2019 Jun;93:66-75. doi: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2019.04.019. Epub 2019 Apr 28.
• [16] HIV and HCV augments inflammatory responses through increased TREM-1 expression and signaling in Kupffer and Myeloid cells.PLoS Pathog. 2019 Jul 1;15(7):e1007883. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007883. eCollection 2019 Jul.
• [17] Relationship between renal CD68(+) infiltrates and the Oxford Classification of IgA nephropathy.Histopathology. 2019 Mar;74(4):629-637. doi: 10.1111/his.13768. Epub 2019 Jan 15.
• [18] Emergence of Polyfunctional Cytotoxic CD4+ T Cells in Mycobacterium avium Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients.Clin Infect Dis. 2018 Jul 18;67(3):437-446. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciy016.
• [19] Partial to complete abrogation of the subepithelial macrophage barrier against the gut microbiota in patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's colitis.Histopathology. 2018 Mar;72(4):580-587. doi: 10.1111/his.13417. Epub 2017 Dec 14.
• [20] The expression and significance of tumor associated macrophages and CXCR4 in non-small cell lung cancer.J BUON. 2018 Mar-Apr;23(2):398-402.
• [21] Increased expression of factor XIII-A in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013 Sep;132(3):584-592.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.02.003. Epub 2013 Mar 28.
• [22] Expression of IL-17A, E, and F and their receptors in non-small-cell lung cancer.J Biol Regul Homeost Agents. 2018 Sep-Oct;32(5):1105-1116.
• [23] Expression of macrophage genes within skeletal muscle correlates inversely with adiposity and insulin resistance in humans.Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2018 Feb;43(2):187-193. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2017-0228. Epub 2017 Oct 16.
• [24] Metabolic dysregulation accelerates injury-induced joint degeneration, driven by local inflammation; an in vivo rat study.J Orthop Res. 2018 Mar;36(3):881-890. doi: 10.1002/jor.23712. Epub 2017 Sep 20.
• [25] Identification of NR4A2 as a transcriptional activator of IL-8 expression in human inflammatory arthritis. Mol Immunol. 2009 Oct;46(16):3345-57. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2009.07.019. Epub 2009 Sep 3.
• [26] t(6;11) renal cell carcinoma: a study of seven cases including two with aggressive behavior, and utility of CD68 (PG-M1) in the differential diagnosis with pure epithelioid PEComa/epithelioid angiomyolipoma.Mod Pathol. 2018 Mar;31(3):474-487. doi: 10.1038/modpathol.2017.144. Epub 2017 Oct 20.
• [27] Decrease of CD68 Synovial Macrophages in Celastrol Treated Arthritic Rats.PLoS One. 2015 Dec 11;10(12):e0142448. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142448. eCollection 2015.
• [28] Distinct patterns of infiltrating CD8+ T cells in HPV+ and CD68 macrophages in HPV- oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas are associated with better clinical outcome but PD-L1 expression is not prognostic.Oncotarget. 2017 Feb 28;8(9):14416-14427. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.14796.
• [29] Anti-Diabetic and Angio-Protective Effect of Guluronic Acid (G2013) as a New Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug in the Experimental Model of Diabetes.Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2020;20(3):446-452. doi: 10.2174/1871530319666191016103918.
• [30] The Scavenger Receptor CD68 Regulates Platelet Mediated Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein (oxLDL) Deposition in Atherosclerotic Vessels at an Early Stage of Atherosclerosis in LDLR(-/-)/ApoBec(-/-) Mice.Cell Physiol Biochem. 2019;52(4):681-695. doi: 10.33594/000000048.
• [31] Effects of autophagy on macrophage adhesion and migration in diabetic nephropathy.Ren Fail. 2019 Nov;41(1):682-690. doi: 10.1080/0886022X.2019.1632209.
• [32] Tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells combined with tumor-associated CD68+ macrophages predict postoperative prognosis and adjuvant chemotherapy benefit in resected gastric cancer.BMC Cancer. 2019 Sep 14;19(1):920. doi: 10.1186/s12885-019-6089-z.
• [33] Increased production of proinflammatory cytokines in adipose tissue of patients with end-stage renal disease.Nutrition. 2009 Jul-Aug;25(7-8):762-8. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2008.12.012.
• [34] The Number of Liver Galectin-3 Positive Cells Is Dually Correlated with NAFLD Severity in Children.Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Jul 14;20(14):3460. doi: 10.3390/ijms20143460.
• [35] Aberrant expression of RSK1 characterizes high-grade gliomas with immune infiltration.Mol Oncol. 2020 Jan;14(1):159-179. doi: 10.1002/1878-0261.12595. Epub 2019 Dec 11.
• [36] Reactive oxygen species/oxidative stress contributes to progression of kidney fibrosis following transient ischemic injury in mice.Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2009 Aug;297(2):F461-70. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.90735.2008. Epub 2009 May 20.
• [37] Overexpression of scavenger receptor and infiltration of macrophage in epicardial adipose tissue of patients with ischemic heart disease and diabetes.J Transl Med. 2019 Mar 20;17(1):95. doi: 10.1186/s12967-019-1842-2.
• [38] Immune Cell and Stromal Signature Associated With Progression-Free Survival of Patients With Resected Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.Gastroenterology. 2018 Nov;155(5):1625-1639.e2. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2018.08.009. Epub 2018 Aug 6.
• [39] Comparison of HepG2 and HepaRG by whole-genome gene expression analysis for the purpose of chemical hazard identification. Toxicol Sci. 2010 May;115(1):66-79.
• [40] Transcriptional and Metabolic Dissection of ATRA-Induced Granulocytic Differentiation in NB4 Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Cells. Cells. 2020 Nov 5;9(11):2423. doi: 10.3390/cells9112423.
• [41] Bringing in vitro analysis closer to in vivo: studying doxorubicin toxicity and associated mechanisms in 3D human microtissues with PBPK-based dose modelling. Toxicol Lett. 2018 Sep 15;294:184-192.
• [42] Physiological and toxicological transcriptome changes in HepG2 cells exposed to copper. Physiol Genomics. 2009 Aug 7;38(3):386-401.
• [43] Activation of AIFM2 enhances apoptosis of human lung cancer cells undergoing toxicological stress. Toxicol Lett. 2016 Sep 6;258:227-236.
• [44] Research resource: STR DNA profile and gene expression comparisons of human BG-1 cells and a BG-1/MCF-7 clonal variant. Mol Endocrinol. 2014 Dec;28(12):2072-81.
• [45] Temozolomide induces activation of Wnt/-catenin signaling in glioma cells via PI3K/Akt pathway: implications in glioma therapy. Cell Biol Toxicol. 2020 Jun;36(3):273-278. doi: 10.1007/s10565-019-09502-7. Epub 2019 Nov 22.
• [46] Minimal peroxide exposure of neuronal cells induces multifaceted adaptive responses. PLoS One. 2010 Dec 17;5(12):e14352. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0014352.
• [47] Effects of 1alpha,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 and testosterone on miRNA and mRNA expression in LNCaP cells. Mol Cancer. 2011 May 18;10:58.
• [48] Identification of NR4A2 as a transcriptional activator of IL-8 expression in human inflammatory arthritis. Mol Immunol. 2009 Oct;46(16):3345-57. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2009.07.019. Epub 2009 Sep 3.
• [49] Interleukin-19 as a translational indicator of renal injury. Arch Toxicol. 2015 Jan;89(1):101-6.
• [50] Dexamethasone inhibits dendritic cell maturation by redirecting differentiation of a subset of cells. J Leukoc Biol. 1999 Dec;66(6):909-14. doi: 10.1002/jlb.66.6.909.
• [51] Mitochondrial Uncoupling Induces Epigenome Remodeling and Promotes Differentiation in Neuroblastoma. Cancer Res. 2023 Jan 18;83(2):181-194. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-22-1029.
• [52] Cannabidiol Modulates the Immunophenotype and Inhibits the Activation of the Inflammasome in Human Gingival Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Front Physiol. 2016 Nov 24;7:559. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00559. eCollection 2016.
• [53] Gene expression profile induced by BCNU in human glioma cell lines with differential MGMT expression. J Neurooncol. 2005 Jul;73(3):189-98.
• [54] The differential cancer growth associated with anaesthetics in a cancer xenograft model of mice: mechanisms and implications of postoperative cancer recurrence. Cell Biol Toxicol. 2023 Aug;39(4):1561-1575. doi: 10.1007/s10565-022-09747-9. Epub 2022 Aug 12.
• [55] Valsartan improves adipose tissue function in humans with impaired glucose metabolism: a randomized placebo-controlled double-blind trial. PLoS One. 2012;7(6):e39930. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039930. Epub 2012 Jun 29.
• [56] Ethyl carbamate induces cell death through its effects on multiple metabolic pathways. Chem Biol Interact. 2017 Nov 1;277:21-32.
• [57] The environmental obesogen bisphenol A increases macrophage self-renewal. Cell Tissue Res. 2019 Oct;378(1):81-96. doi: 10.1007/s00441-019-03019-5. Epub 2019 Apr 22.
• [58] Air pollution and DNA methylation alterations in lung cancer: A systematic and comparative study. Oncotarget. 2017 Jan 3;8(1):1369-1391. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.13622.
• [59] Cell-based two-dimensional morphological assessment system to predict cancer drug-induced cardiotoxicity using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2019 Nov 15;383:114761. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114761. Epub 2019 Sep 15.
• [60] Comprehensive analysis of transcriptomic changes induced by low and high doses of bisphenol A in HepG2 spheroids in vitro and rat liver in vivo. Environ Res. 2019 Jun;173:124-134. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.03.035. Epub 2019 Mar 18.
• [61] Sulforaphane-induced apoptosis in human leukemia HL-60 cells through extrinsic and intrinsic signal pathways and altering associated genes expression assayed by cDNA microarray. Environ Toxicol. 2017 Jan;32(1):311-328.
• [62] The pharmacodynamic effects of sirolimus and sirolimus-calcineurin inhibitor combinations on macrophage scavenger and nuclear hormone receptors. J Pharm Sci. 2007 Jan;96(1):209-22. doi: 10.1002/jps.20751.
• [63] Identification of interspecies concordance of mechanisms of arsenic-induced bladder cancer. Toxicol In Vitro. 2007 Dec;21(8):1513-29. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.06.021. Epub 2007 Jul 21.