General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCE6J7R)

Drug Combination Name
Mepacrine Isoniazid
Indication
Disease Entry Status REF
Childhood T acute lymphoblastic leukemia Investigative [1]
Component Drugs Mepacrine   DMU8L7C Isoniazid   DM5JVS3
Small molecular drug Small molecular drug
2D MOL 2D MOL
3D MOL 3D MOL
High-throughput Screening Result Testing Cell Line: CCRF-CEM
Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 6.85
Bliss Independence Score: 5.8
Loewe Additivity Score: 0.59
LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 2.09

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)
Indication(s) of Mepacrine
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [2]
Mepacrine Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Phospholipase A2 (PLA2G1B) TT9V5JH PA21B_HUMAN Inhibitor [2]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mepacrine Interacts with 1 DTP Molecule(s)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2) DTI7UX6 ABCG2_HUMAN Substrate [5]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mepacrine Interacts with 2 DME Molecule(s)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) DE4LYSA CP3A4_HUMAN Metabolism [6]
Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5) DEIBDNY CP3A5_HUMAN Metabolism [6]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mepacrine Interacts with 22 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Myc proto-oncogene protein (MYC) OTPV5LUK MYC_HUMAN Decreases Expression [7]
Cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53) OTIE1VH3 P53_HUMAN Increases Activity [8]
Zinc finger protein GLI1 (GLI1) OT1BTAJO GLI1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [7]
Poly polymerase 1 (PARP1) OT310QSG PARP1_HUMAN Increases Cleavage [9]
1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-1 (PLCG1) OTSBQR6D PLCG1_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [10]
G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 (CCND1) OT8HPTKJ CCND1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [7]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3) OTCYKGKO MK03_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [9]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) OTH85PI5 MK01_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [9]
Catenin beta-1 (CTNNB1) OTZ932A3 CTNB1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [7]
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (KDR) OT15797V VGFR2_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [10]
Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (CDKN1A) OTQWHCZE CDN1A_HUMAN Decreases Expression [11]
Caspase-3 (CASP3) OTIJRBE7 CASP3_HUMAN Increases Activity [7]
Casein kinase I isoform alpha (CSNK1A1) OTJ6O1IC KC1A_HUMAN Increases Expression [7]
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK3B) OTL3L14B GSK3B_HUMAN Increases Expression [7]
Caspase-9 (CASP9) OTD4RFFG CASP9_HUMAN Increases Cleavage [9]
Focal adhesion kinase 1 (PTK2) OT3Q1JDY FAK1_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [10]
Apoptosis regulator BAX (BAX) OTAW0V4V BAX_HUMAN Increases Expression [9]
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 (KCNH2) OTZX881H KCNH2_HUMAN Decreases Activity [12]
Forkhead box protein P3 (FOXP3) OTA9Z9OC FOXP3_HUMAN Increases Expression [9]
F-box/WD repeat-containing protein 1A (BTRC) OT2EZDGR FBW1A_HUMAN Decreases Expression [9]
Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) OTE4EFH8 CP1A1_HUMAN Increases Metabolism [6]
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1 (ABCB1) OTEJROBO MDR1_HUMAN Increases Transport [6]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
⏷ Show the Full List of 22 DOT(s)
Indication(s) of Isoniazid
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Latent tuberculosis infection N.A. Approved [3]
Pulmonary tuberculosis 1B10.Z Approved [3]
Tuberculosis 1B10-1B1Z Approved [4]
Isoniazid Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Bacterial Fatty acid synthetase I (Bact inhA) TTVTX4N INHA_MYCTU Inhibitor [14]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Isoniazid Interacts with 3 DME Molecule(s)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) DEVDYN7 CP2E1_HUMAN Metabolism [15]
Catalase-peroxidase (katG) DEAGY5M KATG_SYNE7 Metabolism [16]
Arylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT) DEXCQTM A0A3P8LE58_TSUPA Metabolism [17]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Isoniazid Interacts with 59 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Alanine aminotransferase 1 (GPT) OTOXOA0Q ALAT1_HUMAN Increases Expression [18]
N-alpha-acetyltransferase 20 (NAA20) OTJB0VA6 NAA20_HUMAN Increases ADR [19]
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8) OTHCWT42 CP2C8_HUMAN Decreases Activity [20]
Nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1) OT4FU8C0 NUPR1_HUMAN Increases Expression [21]
Inhibin beta E chain (INHBE) OTOI2NYG INHBE_HUMAN Increases Expression [21]
Protein DEPP1 (DEPP1) OTB36PHJ DEPP1_HUMAN Increases Expression [21]
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 (AKR1B10) OTOA4HTH AK1BA_HUMAN Increases Expression [13]
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) OT4IE164 TNFA_HUMAN Increases Secretion [13]
Interferon gamma (IFNG) OTXG9JM7 IFNG_HUMAN Increases Secretion [13]
C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10) OTTLQ6S0 CXL10_HUMAN Increases Secretion [13]
Interleukin-6 (IL6) OTUOSCCU IL6_HUMAN Increases Secretion [13]
NAD(P)H dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1) OTZGGIVK NQO1_HUMAN Increases Expression [13]
Interleukin-10 (IL10) OTIRFRXC IL10_HUMAN Increases Secretion [13]
Interleukin-12 subunit alpha (IL12A) OTDQT8GI IL12A_HUMAN Increases Secretion [13]
Interleukin-12 subunit beta (IL12B) OT0JF8A3 IL12B_HUMAN Increases Secretion [13]
Interleukin-17A (IL17A) OTY72FT2 IL17_HUMAN Increases Secretion [13]
Sulfiredoxin-1 (SRXN1) OTYDBO4L SRXN1_HUMAN Increases Expression [13]
Gamma-butyrobetaine dioxygenase (BBOX1) OTKEX4RK BODG_HUMAN Increases Expression [22]
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) OT9GG3ZI FETA_HUMAN Decreases Expression [22]
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1 (ATP1B1) OTTO6ZP4 AT1B1_HUMAN Increases Expression [22]
Amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP) OTKFD7R4 A4_HUMAN Increases Expression [22]
Osteopontin (SPP1) OTJGC23Y OSTP_HUMAN Decreases Expression [22]
Mucin-1 (MUC1) OTHQI7IY MUC1_HUMAN Increases Expression [22]
14-3-3 protein sigma (SFN) OTLJCZ1U 1433S_HUMAN Decreases Expression [22]
DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 protein (DDIT3) OTI8YKKE DDIT3_HUMAN Decreases Expression [22]
Glutamate--cysteine ligase regulatory subunit (GCLM) OT6CP234 GSH0_HUMAN Decreases Expression [22]
Claudin-2 (CLDN2) OTRF3D6Y CLD2_HUMAN Increases Expression [22]
Large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 1 (SLC7A5) OT2WPVXD LAT1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [22]
Tribbles homolog 3 (TRIB3) OTG5OS7X TRIB3_HUMAN Increases Expression [22]
Procollagen-lysine,2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2 (PLOD2) OTKOZRZP PLOD2_HUMAN Increases Expression [23]
Transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) OTN44YQ5 TMPS2_HUMAN Affects Expression [24]
Interleukin-1 alpha (IL1A) OTPSGILV IL1A_HUMAN Increases Expression [25]
Interleukin-1 beta (IL1B) OT0DWXXB IL1B_HUMAN Increases Expression [25]
Albumin (ALB) OTVMM513 ALBU_HUMAN Affects Binding [26]
Antileukoproteinase (SLPI) OTUNFUU8 SLPI_HUMAN Increases Expression [25]
Catalase (CAT) OTHEBX9R CATA_HUMAN Decreases Activity [27]
Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 (BCL2) OT9DVHC0 BCL2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [27]
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase (G6PD) OT300SMK G6PD_HUMAN Decreases Activity [27]
5-aminolevulinate synthase, non-specific, mitochondrial (ALAS1) OTQY6ZSF HEM1_HUMAN Increases Expression [28]
Ferrochelatase, mitochondrial (FECH) OTDWEI6C HEMH_HUMAN Decreases Expression [28]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3) OTCYKGKO MK03_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [18]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) OTH85PI5 MK01_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [18]
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 (PTGS2) OT75U9M4 PGH2_HUMAN Increases Expression [25]
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) OTHMARHO PPARG_HUMAN Decreases Expression [29]
Caspase-3 (CASP3) OTIJRBE7 CASP3_HUMAN Increases Activity [27]
Caspase-9 (CASP9) OTD4RFFG CASP9_HUMAN Increases Activity [27]
Apoptosis regulator BAX (BAX) OTAW0V4V BAX_HUMAN Increases Expression [18]
Interleukin-24 (IL24) OT4VUWH1 IL24_HUMAN Increases Expression [25]
Nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1) OTOXWNV8 NRF1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [30]
Natural cytotoxicity triggering receptor 3 ligand 1 (NCR3LG1) OT15YWU7 NR3L1_HUMAN Increases Expression [31]
PTB-containing, cubilin and LRP1-interacting protein (PID1) OT5YJ7FI PCLI1_HUMAN Increases Expression [25]
NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) OTAYZMOY SIR1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [30]
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) OTTRZGU7 ACE2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [24]
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PPARGC1A) OTHCDQ22 PRGC1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [30]
Arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) OTBPDQOY ARY2_HUMAN Decreases Acetylation [32]
Eosinophil peroxidase (EPX) OTFNDFOK PERE_HUMAN Increases Oxidation [33]
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) OTOOXLIN PERM_HUMAN Increases Oxidation [34]
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) OTQGYY83 CP3A4_HUMAN Increases Response To Substance [35]
Glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 (GSTM1) OTSBF2MO GSTM1_HUMAN Decreases Response To Substance [36]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
⏷ Show the Full List of 59 DOT(s)

Test Results of This Drug Combination in Other Disease Systems

Indication DrugCom ID Cell Line Status REF
Adult T acute lymphoblastic leukemia DCBK492 MOLT-4 Investigative [1]
Glioma DCOE8K7 SF-268 Investigative [1]
High grade ovarian serous adenocarcinoma DCKD3OX OVCAR-5 Investigative [37]
Malignant melanoma DCOMFUV UACC62 Investigative [37]
Malignant melanoma DCIJNXN LOX IMVI Investigative [37]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

References

1 Recurrent recessive mutation in deoxyguanosine kinase causes idiopathic noncirrhotic portal hypertension.Hepatology. 2016 Jun;63(6):1977-86. doi: 10.1002/hep.28499. Epub 2016 Mar 31.
2 Involvement of protein kinase C activation in L-leucine-induced stimulation of protein synthesis in l6 myotubes. Cytotechnology. 2003 Nov;43(1-3):97-103.
3 Isoniazid FDA Label
4 Novel agents in the management of Mycobacterium tuberculosis disease. Curr Med Chem. 2007;14(18):2000-8.
5 Arginine-482 is not essential for transport of antibiotics, primary bile acids and unconjugated sterols by the human breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2). Biochem J. 2005 Jan 15;385(Pt 2):419-26.
6 Quinacrine is mainly metabolized to mono-desethyl quinacrine by CYP3A4/5 and its brain accumulation is limited by P-glycoprotein. Drug Metab Dispos. 2006 Jul;34(7):1136-44.
7 Nanoquinacrine caused apoptosis in oral cancer stem cells by disrupting the interaction between GLI1 and catenin through activation of GSK3. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2017 Sep 1;330:53-64. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.07.008. Epub 2017 Jul 15.
8 High-throughput measurement of the Tp53 response to anticancer drugs and random compounds using a stably integrated Tp53-responsive luciferase reporter. Carcinogenesis. 2002 Jun;23(6):949-57. doi: 10.1093/carcin/23.6.949.
9 Quinacrine induces the apoptosis of human leukemia U937 cells through FOXP3/miR-183/-TrCP/SP1 axis-mediated BAX upregulation. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2017 Nov 1;334:35-46. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.08.019. Epub 2017 Sep 1.
10 Quinacrine is active in preclinical models of glioblastoma through suppressing angiogenesis, inducing oxidative stress and activating AMPK. Toxicol In Vitro. 2022 Sep;83:105420. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105420. Epub 2022 Jun 17.
11 Multiple-endpoint in vitro carcinogenicity test in human cell line TK6 distinguishes carcinogens from non-carcinogens and highlights mechanisms of action. Arch Toxicol. 2021 Jan;95(1):321-336. doi: 10.1007/s00204-020-02902-3. Epub 2020 Sep 10.
12 Why are most phospholipidosis inducers also hERG blockers?. Arch Toxicol. 2017 Dec;91(12):3885-3895. doi: 10.1007/s00204-017-1995-9. Epub 2017 May 27.
13 Characterization of drug-specific signaling between primary human hepatocytes and immune cells. Toxicol Sci. 2017 Jul 1;158(1):76-89.
14 Diversity in enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductases. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2009 May;66(9):1507-17.
15 Inhibition of CYP2E1 catalytic activity in vitro by S-adenosyl-L-methionine. Biochem Pharmacol. 2005 Apr 1;69(7):1081-93.
16 Crystal structure of the catalase-peroxidase KatG W78F mutant from Synechococcus elongatus PCC7942 in complex with the antitubercular pro-drug isoniazid. FEBS Lett. 2015 Jan 2;589(1):131-7.
17 The actinobacterium Tsukamurella paurometabola has a functionally divergent arylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT) homolog. World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2019 Oct 31;35(11):174.
18 Quercetin protected against isoniazide-induced HepG2 cell apoptosis by activating the SIRT1/ERK pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2019 Sep;33(9):e22369. doi: 10.1002/jbt.22369. Epub 2019 Jul 23.
19 ADReCS-Target: target profiles for aiding drug safety research and application. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D911-D917. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx899.
20 Mechanism-based inactivation of human cytochrome P4502C8 by drugs in vitro. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004 Dec;311(3):996-1007.
21 Determination of phospholipidosis potential based on gene expression analysis in HepG2 cells. Toxicol Sci. 2007 Mar;96(1):101-14.
22 Comparison of base-line and chemical-induced transcriptomic responses in HepaRG and RPTEC/TERT1 cells using TempO-Seq. Arch Toxicol. 2018 Aug;92(8):2517-2531.
23 Identification of differentially expressed genes in hepatic HepG2 cells treated with acetaminophen using suppression subtractive hybridization. Biol Pharm Bull. 2005 Jul;28(7):1148-53. doi: 10.1248/bpb.28.1148.
24 Effect of common medications on the expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry receptors in liver tissue. Arch Toxicol. 2020 Dec;94(12):4037-4041. doi: 10.1007/s00204-020-02869-1. Epub 2020 Aug 17.
25 An in vitro coculture system of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with hepatocellular carcinoma-derived cells for predicting drug-induced liver injury. Arch Toxicol. 2021 Jan;95(1):149-168. doi: 10.1007/s00204-020-02882-4. Epub 2020 Aug 20.
26 Auto-oxidation of Isoniazid Leads to Isonicotinic-Lysine Adducts on Human Serum Albumin. Chem Res Toxicol. 2015 Jan 20;28(1):51-8. doi: 10.1021/tx500285k. Epub 2014 Dec 9.
27 Isoniazid-induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells: generation of oxidative stress and Bcl-2 down-regulation. Toxicol Mech Methods. 2010 Jun;20(5):242-51. doi: 10.3109/15376511003793325.
28 The Isoniazid Metabolites Hydrazine and Pyridoxal Isonicotinoyl Hydrazone Modulate Heme Biosynthesis. Toxicol Sci. 2019 Mar 1;168(1):209-224. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy294.
29 Isoniazid suppresses antioxidant response element activities and impairs adipogenesis in mouse and human preadipocytes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2013 Dec 15;273(3):435-41. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2013.10.005. Epub 2013 Oct 12.
30 AMPK activator acadesine fails to alleviate isoniazid-caused mitochondrial instability in HepG2 cells. J Appl Toxicol. 2017 Oct;37(10):1219-1224. doi: 10.1002/jat.3483. Epub 2017 May 29.
31 Enhanced activation of human NK cells by drug-exposed hepatocytes. Arch Toxicol. 2020 Feb;94(2):439-448. doi: 10.1007/s00204-020-02668-8. Epub 2020 Feb 14.
32 Effects of N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2), CYP2E1 and Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) genotypes on the serum concentrations of isoniazid and metabolites in tuberculosis patients. J Toxicol Sci. 2008 May;33(2):187-95. doi: 10.2131/jts.33.187.
33 Eosinophil peroxidase oxidizes isoniazid to form the active metabolite against M. tuberculosis, isoniazid-NAD(). Chem Biol Interact. 2019 May 25;305:48-53. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.03.019. Epub 2019 Mar 25.
34 Metabolism of isoniazid by neutrophil myeloperoxidase leads to isoniazid-NAD(+) adduct formation: A comparison of the reactivity of isoniazid with its known human metabolites. Biochem Pharmacol. 2016 Apr 15;106:46-55. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.02.003. Epub 2016 Feb 9.
35 Development of a highly sensitive cytotoxicity assay system for CYP3A4-mediated metabolic activation. Drug Metab Dispos. 2011 Aug;39(8):1388-95. doi: 10.1124/dmd.110.037077. Epub 2011 May 3.
36 Customised in vitro model to detect human metabolism-dependent idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury. Arch Toxicol. 2018 Jan;92(1):383-399. doi: 10.1007/s00204-017-2036-4. Epub 2017 Jul 31.
37 Loss of function mutations in VARS encoding cytoplasmic valyl-tRNA synthetase cause microcephaly, seizures, and progressive cerebral atrophy.Hum Genet. 2018 Apr;137(4):293-303. doi: 10.1007/s00439-018-1882-3. Epub 2018 Apr 24.