Details of the Drug Combination

General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCM3627)

• Drug Combination Name: R-roscovitine + Idarubicin
• Indication: Glioblastoma?; Status: Investigative [1]
• Component Drugs:
  R-roscovitine (DMSH108): Small molecular drug
  Idarubicin (DMM0XGL): Small molecular drug
• High-throughput Screening Result:
  Testing Cell Line: T98G
  Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 15.91
  Bliss Independence Score: 15.91
  Loewe Additivity Score: 18.19
  LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 18.19

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Indication(s) of R-roscovitine

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Non-small-cell lung cancer	2C25.Y	Phase 2	[2]
Solid tumour/cancer	2A00-2F9Z	Phase 2	[3]
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma	2B6B	Investigative	[4]

R-roscovitine Interacts with 4 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1)	TTH6V3D	CDK1_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[8]
Cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7)	TTQYF7G	CDK7_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[8]
Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2)	TT7HF4W	CDK2_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[8]
Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)	TTMBO1Z	NOUNIPROTAC	Inhibitor	[4]

R-roscovitine Interacts with 1 DTP Molecule(s)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)	DTUGYRD	MDR1_HUMAN	Substrate	[9]

R-roscovitine Interacts with 2 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	DE4LYSA	CP3A4_HUMAN	Metabolism	[10]
Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6)	DEPKLMQ	CP2B6_HUMAN	Metabolism	[10]

R-roscovitine Interacts with 19 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53)	OTIE1VH3	P53_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[11]
Early growth response protein 1 (EGR1)	OTCP6XGZ	EGR1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[12]
Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5 (BIRC5)	OTILXZYL	BIRC5_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[13]
Retinoblastoma-associated protein (RB1)	OTQJUJMZ	RB_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[14]
Transcription factor Sp1 (SP1)	OTISPT4X	SP1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[14]
DNA topoisomerase 1 (TOP1)	OT51O0CF	TOP1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[15]
Cyclin-A2 (CCNA2)	OTPHHYZJ	CCNA2_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[16]
G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 (CCND1)	OT8HPTKJ	CCND1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[17]
Retinoblastoma-like protein 1 (RBL1)	OTDEBFYC	RBL1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[16]
Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (CDKN1A)	OTQWHCZE	CDN1A_HUMAN	Affects Expression	[17]
Caspase-3 (CASP3)	OTIJRBE7	CASP3_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[7]
Casein kinase I isoform delta (CSNK1D)	OTNF4S77	KC1D_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[18]
Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1 (PLK1)	OTRZX45T	PLK1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[16]
Caspase-9 (CASP9)	OTD4RFFG	CASP9_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[7]
Disabled homolog 2 (DAB2)	OTRMQTMZ	DAB2_HUMAN	Decreases Phosphorylation	[19]
Cytochrome c (CYCS)	OTBFALJD	CYC_HUMAN	Affects Localization	[7]
Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5)	OT1YAK9F	CDK5_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[20]
Apoptosis regulator BAX (BAX)	OTAW0V4V	BAX_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[13]
Dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A)	OTPLXCDN	DYR1A_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[18]

Indication(s) of Idarubicin

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Acute myelogenous leukaemia	2A41	Approved	[5]
Acute myeloid leukaemia	2A60	Approved	[6]
Adult acute monocytic leukemia	N.A.	Approved	[5]
Childhood acute megakaryoblastic leukemia	N.A.	Approved	[5]
Leukemia	N.A.	Approved	[5]

Idarubicin Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
DNA topoisomerase II (TOP2)	TT0IHXV	TOP2A_HUMAN; TOP2B_HUMAN	Modulator	[22]

Idarubicin Interacts with 3 DTP Molecule(s)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (ABCC1)	DTSYQGK	MRP1_HUMAN	Substrate	[23]
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)	DTUGYRD	MDR1_HUMAN	Substrate	[24]
Breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2)	DTI7UX6	ABCG2_HUMAN	Substrate	[24]

Idarubicin Interacts with 2 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)	DECB0K3	CP2D6_HUMAN	Metabolism	[25]
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9)	DE5IED8	CP2C9_HUMAN	Metabolism	[25]

Idarubicin Interacts with 9 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Estrogen receptor (ESR1)	OTKLU61J	ESR1_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[21]
Heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1)	OTC1W6UX	HMOX1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[26]
Androgen receptor (AR)	OTUBKAZZ	ANDR_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[21]
Natriuretic peptides B (NPPB)	OTSN2IPY	ANFB_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[27]
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG)	OTHMARHO	PPARG_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[21]
Caspase-3 (CASP3)	OTIJRBE7	CASP3_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[28]
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARD)	OTI4WTOP	PPARD_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[21]
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 (KCNH2)	OTZX881H	KCNH2_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[29]
Bile acid receptor (NR1H4)	OTWZLPTB	NR1H4_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[21]

References

• [1] Recurrent recessive mutation in deoxyguanosine kinase causes idiopathic noncirrhotic portal hypertension.Hepatology. 2016 Jun;63(6):1977-86. doi: 10.1002/hep.28499. Epub 2016 Mar 31.
• [2] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 6035).
• [3] ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02160730) Treatment of Cushing's Disease With R-roscovitine. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
• [4] Therapeutic efficacy of seliciclib in combination with ionizing radiation for human nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Clin Cancer Res. 2009 Jun 1;15(11):3716-24.
• [5] Idarubicin FDA Label
• [6] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7083).
• [7] Accumulation of p53 and reductions in XIAP abundance promote the apoptosis of prostate cancer cells. Cancer Res. 2005 Sep 1;65(17):7717-23. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-0347.
• [8] Cell cycle kinases as therapeutic targets for cancer. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2009 Jul;8(7):547-66.
• [9] ATP-binding cassette B1 transports seliciclib (R-roscovitine), a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor. Drug Metab Dispos. 2010 Nov;38(11):2000-6.
• [10] Metabolism of the trisubstituted purine cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor seliciclib (R-roscovitine) in vitro and in vivo. Drug Metab Dispos. 2008 Mar;36(3):561-70.
• [11] Antiproliferative activity of olomoucine II, a novel 2,6,9-trisubstituted purine cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2005 Aug;62(15):1763-71.
• [12] Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-dependent up-regulation of the heterodimeric amino acid transporter LAT1 (SLC7A5)/CD98hc (SLC3A2) by diesel exhaust particle extract in human bronchial epithelial cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2016 Jan 1;290:74-85.
• [13] Roscovitine is an effective inducer of apoptosis of Ewing's sarcoma family tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Res. 2005 Oct 15;65(20):9320-7. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-1276.
• [14] The expression of retinoblastoma and Sp1 is increased by low concentrations of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors. Eur J Biochem. 2003 Dec;270(24):4809-22. doi: 10.1046/j.1432-1033.2003.03874.x.
• [15] Synergism of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors with camptothecin derivatives in small cell lung cancer cell lines. Molecules. 2014 Feb 17;19(2):2077-88. doi: 10.3390/molecules19022077.
• [16] Proliferative suppression by CDK4/6 inhibition: complex function of the retinoblastoma pathway in liver tissue and hepatoma cells. Gastroenterology. 2010 May;138(5):1920-30. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2010.01.007. Epub 2010 Jan 25.
• [17] A bioinformatical and functional approach to identify novel strategies for chemoprevention of colorectal cancer. Oncogene. 2011 Apr 28;30(17):2026-36. doi: 10.1038/onc.2010.578. Epub 2011 Jan 10.
• [18] The specificities of protein kinase inhibitors: an update. Biochem J. 2003 Apr 1;371(Pt 1):199-204. doi: 10.1042/BJ20021535.
• [19] Cell cycle-dependent phosphorylation of Disabled-2 by cdc2. Oncogene. 2003 Jul 17;22(29):4524-30. doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1206767.
• [20] p25/Cdk5-mediated retinoblastoma phosphorylation is an early event in neuronal cell death. J Cell Sci. 2005 Mar 15;118(Pt 6):1291-8. doi: 10.1242/jcs.01724. Epub 2005 Mar 1.
• [21] Quantitative high-throughput profiling of environmental chemicals and drugs that modulate farnesoid X receptor. Sci Rep. 2014 Sep 26;4:6437. doi: 10.1038/srep06437.
• [22] Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
• [23] Human intestinal transporter database: QSAR modeling and virtual profiling of drug uptake, efflux and interactions. Pharm Res. 2013 Apr;30(4):996-1007.
• [24] Amonafide L-malate is not a substrate for multidrug resistance proteins in secondary acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia. 2008 Nov;22(11):2110-5.
• [25] In vitro evaluation of cytochrome P450-mediated drug interactions between cytarabine, idarubicin, itraconazole and caspofungin. Hematology. 2004 Jun;9(3):217-21.
• [26] A Quantitative Approach to Screen for Nephrotoxic Compounds In Vitro. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2016 Apr;27(4):1015-28. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2015010060. Epub 2015 Aug 10.
• [27] The use of biochemical markers in cardiotoxicity monitoring in patients treated for leukemia. Neoplasma. 2005;52(5):430-4.
• [28] The induction of apoptosis by daunorubicin and idarubicin in human trisomic and diabetic fibroblasts. Cell Mol Biol Lett. 2008;13(2):182-94. doi: 10.2478/s11658-007-0045-7. Epub 2008 Apr 10.
• [29] Refining the human iPSC-cardiomyocyte arrhythmic risk assessment model. Toxicol Sci. 2013 Dec;136(2):581-94. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kft205. Epub 2013 Sep 19.