General Information of Drug (ID: DMR5ZUP)

Drug Name
Paramethadione Drug Info
Synonyms
Isoethadione; Paradione; Parametadiona; Parametadione; Paramethadionum; Parametadione [DCIT]; A 348; Paradione (TN); Parametadiona [INN-Spanish]; Paramethadione (INN); Paramethadione [BAN:INN]; Paramethadione [INN:BAN]; Paramethadionum [INN-Latin]; 3,5-Dimethyl-5-ethyloxazolidine-2,4-dione; 5-Ethyl-3,5-dimethyl-1,3-oxazolidine-2,4-dione; 5-Ethyl-3,5-dimethyl-2,4-oxazolidinedione
Indication
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Absence epilepsy Approved [1]
Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [1]
Fetal trimethadione syndrome LD2F.0Y Approved [2]
Seizure disorder 8A6Z Approved [2]
Therapeutic Class
Anticonvulsants
Cross-matching ID
PubChem CID
8280
ChEBI ID
CHEBI:7921
CAS Number
CAS 115-67-3
TTD Drug ID
DMR5ZUP
INTEDE Drug ID
DR1239

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas
Molecule Type:
DTT
DME
Drug Status:
Approved Drug(s)
Clinical Trial Drug(s)
Investigative Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [6]
Ethosuximide DMDZ9LT Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [7]
Trimethadione DM0Q8MZ Absence epilepsy Approved [3]
Methsuximide DM6L5VO Absence epilepsy Approved [8]
Penfluridol DMG1DTE Schizophrenia 6A20 Approved [9]
PD-200390 DMPW28M Insomnia 7A00-7A0Z Phase 2 [10]
NGD 94-1 DMM1Y8F Schizophrenia 6A20 Phase 1 [9]
ML218 DM3D21X Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [11]
KYS-05001 DM3MID9 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [12]
KYS-05077 DMHW40F Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [13]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Doxorubicin DMVP5YE Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [14]
Progesterone DMUY35B Amenorrhea GA20.0 Approved [15]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [16]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [17]
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [18]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [19]
Etoposide DMNH3PG Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [20]
Zidovudine DM4KI7O Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [21]
Prasterone DM67VKL Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Approved [15]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [22]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Folic Acid DMEMBJC Colorectal carcinoma Approved [23]
Cisplatin DMRHGI9 Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [24]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [25]
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [26]
Etoposide DMNH3PG Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [27]
Oxaliplatin DMQNWRD Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [28]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [29]
Estrone DM5T6US Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [30]
Propofol DMB4OLE Anaesthesia 9A78.6 Approved [31]
Ethanol DMDRQZU Chronic pain MG30 Approved [32]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Progesterone DMUY35B Amenorrhea GA20.0 Approved [33]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [34]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [35]
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [29]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [36]
Zidovudine DM4KI7O Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [29]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [37]
Diclofenac DMPIHLS Chronic renal failure GB61.Z Approved [38]
Estrone DM5T6US Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [39]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [40]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Molecular Interaction Atlas

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Voltage-gated calcium channel alpha Cav3.1 (CACNA1G) TT729IR CAC1G_HUMAN Blocker [3]

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) DE4LYSA CP3A4_HUMAN Substrate [4]
Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) DEVDYN7 CP2E1_HUMAN Substrate [5]
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) Main DME DE5IED8 CP2C9_HUMAN Substrate [4]

References

1 Paramethadione FDA Label
2 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7261).
3 Prophylactic and therapeutic functions of T-type calcium blockers against noise-induced hearing loss. Hear Res. 2007 Apr;226(1-2):52-60.
4 Involvement of cytochrome P450 2C9, 2E1 and 3A4 in trimethadione N-demethylation in human microsomes. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2003 Dec;28(6):493-6.
5 Cytochrome P450 2E1: its clinical and toxicological role. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2000 Jun;25(3):165-75.
6 Mechanism of tissue-selective drug action in the cardiovascular system. Mol Interv. 2005 Apr;5(2):84-93.
7 Maladaptive homeostatic plasticity in a rodent model of central pain syndrome: thalamic hyperexcitability after spinothalamic tract lesions. J Neurosci. 2008 Nov 12;28(46):11959-69.
8 Block of cloned human T-type calcium channels by succinimide antiepileptic drugs. Mol Pharmacol. 2001 Nov;60(5):1121-32.
9 Differential inhibition of T-type calcium channels by neuroleptics. J Neurosci. 2002 Jan 15;22(2):396-403.
10 Pfizer. Product Development Pipeline. March 31 2009.
11 The Discovery and Characterization of ML218: A Novel, Centrally Active T-Type Calcium Channel Inhibitor with Robust Effects in STN Neurons and in a Rodent Model of Parkinson's Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci. 2011 Dec 21;2(12):730-742.
12 Discovery of potent T-type calcium channel blocker. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2007 Nov 1;17(21):5740-3.
13 Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel T-type calcium channel blockers. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2007 Jan 15;17(2):471-5.
14 Expression levels and activation of a PXR variant are directly related to drug resistance in osteosarcoma cell lines. Cancer. 2007 Mar 1;109(5):957-65.
15 Contribution of human hepatic cytochrome P450 isoforms to regioselective hydroxylation of steroid hormones. Xenobiotica. 1998 Jun;28(6):539-47.
16 Comprehensive evaluation of tamoxifen sequential biotransformation by the human cytochrome P450 system in vitro: prominent roles for CYP3A and CYP2D6. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004 Sep;310(3):1062-75.
17 Isoform-specific regulation of cytochromes P450 expression by estradiol and progesterone. Drug Metab Dispos. 2013 Feb;41(2):263-9.
18 Metabolic interactions between acetaminophen (paracetamol) and two flavonoids, luteolin and quercetin, through in-vitro inhibition studies. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2017 Dec;69(12):1762-1772.
19 Potent mechanism-based inhibition of CYP3A4 by imatinib explains its liability to interact with CYP3A4 substrates. Br J Pharmacol. 2012 Apr;165(8):2787-98.
20 Effects of morin on the pharmacokinetics of etoposide in rats. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2007 Apr;28(3):151-6.
21 The metabolism of zidovudine by human liver microsomes in vitro: formation of 3'-amino-3'-deoxythymidine. Biochem Pharmacol. 1994 Jul 19;48(2):267-76.
22 Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675.
23 Chronic ethanol feeding and folate deficiency activate hepatic endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway in micropigs. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2005 Jul;289(1):G54-63.
24 Cytochrome P450 2E1 null mice provide novel protection against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and apoptosis. Kidney Int. 2003 May;63(5):1687-96.
25 Genotoxicity of tamoxifen, tamoxifen epoxide and toremifene in human lymphoblastoid cells containing human cytochrome P450s. Carcinogenesis. 1994 Jan;15(1):5-9.
26 Acetaminophen induced acute liver failure via oxidative stress and JNK activation: protective role of taurine by the suppression of cytochrome P450 2E1. Free Radic Res. 2010 Mar;44(3):340-55.
27 A study on the metabolism of etoposide and possible interactions with antitumor or supporting agents by human liver microsomes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1998 Sep;286(3):1294-300.
28 The influence of metabolic gene polymorphisms on urinary 1-hydroxypyrene concentrations in Chinese coke oven workers. Sci Total Environ. 2007 Aug 1;381(1-3):38-46.
29 Summary of information on human CYP enzymes: human P450 metabolism data. Drug Metab Rev. 2002 Feb-May;34(1-2):83-448.
30 Novel metabolic pathway of estrone and 17beta-estradiol catalyzed by cytochrome P-450. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Feb;28(2):110-2.
31 Inhibition of cytochrome P450 2E1 by propofol in human and porcine liver microsomes. Biochem Pharmacol. 2002 Oct 1;64(7):1151-6.
32 CYP2E1 and clinical features in alcoholics. Neuropsychobiology. 2003;47(2):86-9.
33 Progesterone and testosterone hydroxylation by cytochromes P450 2C19, 2C9, and 3A4 in human liver microsomes. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1997 Oct 1;346(1):161-9.
34 Tamoxifen inhibits cytochrome P450 2C9 activity in breast cancer patients. J Chemother. 2006 Aug;18(4):421-4.
35 Characterization of the oxidative metabolites of 17beta-estradiol and estrone formed by 15 selectively expressed human cytochrome p450 isoforms. Endocrinology. 2003 Aug;144(8):3382-98.
36 Drug-drug interactions with imatinib: an observational study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 Oct;95(40):e5076.
37 Drug interactions with calcium channel blockers: possible involvement of metabolite-intermediate complexation with CYP3A. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Feb;28(2):125-30.
38 New insights into the structural features and functional relevance of human cytochrome P450 2C9. Part I. Curr Drug Metab. 2009 Dec;10(10):1075-126.
39 A potential role for the estrogen-metabolizing cytochrome P450 enzymes in human breast carcinogenesis. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2003 Dec;82(3):191-7.
40 A mechanistic approach to antiepileptic drug interactions. Ann Pharmacother. 1998 May;32(5):554-63.