General Information of Drug (ID: DMNMXR8)

Drug Name
Procainamide Drug Info
Synonyms
Biocoryl; Novocainamid; Novocainamide; Novocamid; Procainamida; Procainamidum; Procamide; Procan; Procanbid; Procapan; Pronestyl; Novocaine amide; Procaine amide; P-Aminobenzoic diethylaminoethylamide; Procainamida [INN-Spanish]; Procainamide (INN); Procainamide [INN:BAN]; Procainamidum [INN-Latin]; Procan (TN); Procanbid (TN); Procapan (free base); Pronestyl (TN); Pronestyl-Sr; P-Amino-N-(2-diethylaminoethyl)benzamide; Benzamide, 4-amino-N-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-(9CI); 2-Diethylaminoethylamid kyseliny p-aminobenzoove; 2-Diethylaminoethylamid kyseliny p-aminobenzoove [Czech]; 4-Amino-N-(2-(Diethylamino)Ethyl)Benzamide Sulfate; 4-Amino-N-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)benzamide; 4-Amino-N-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]benzamide; 4-amino-N-(2-diethylaminoethyl)-benzamide; 4-amino-N-(2-diethylaminoethyl)benzamide
Indication
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Ventricular arrhythmias BC71 Approved [1]
Therapeutic Class
Antiarrhythmic Agents
Cross-matching ID
PubChem CID
4913
ChEBI ID
CHEBI:8428
CAS Number
CAS 51-06-9
TTD Drug ID
DMNMXR8
VARIDT Drug ID
DR00292
INTEDE Drug ID
DR1343

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas
Molecule Type:
DTT
DTP
DME
DOT
Drug Status:
Approved Drug(s)
Discontinued Drug(s)
Preclinical Drug(s)
Investigative Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Quinine DMSWYF5 Malaria 1F40-1F45 Approved [2]
Propafenone DMPIBJK Tachyarrhythmias BC71 Approved [2]
Flecainide DMSQDLE Tachyarrhythmias BC71 Approved [2]
Tocainide DMYNMDP Ventricular arrhythmias BC71 Approved [2]
Barucainide DMTMS3L Heart arrhythmia BC65 Terminated [14]
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Aciclovir DMYLOVR Genital herpes 1A94 Approved [4]
Metformin DM89QE1 Colorectal carcinoma Approved [15]
Ganciclovir DM1MBYQ Cytomegalovirus infection 1D82 Approved [4]
Cimetidine DMH61ZB Acid-reflux disorder DA22 Approved [4]
Chloroquine DMSI5CB Malaria 1F40-1F45 Approved [16]
Topotecan DMP6G8T Central nervous system neoplasm Approved [4]
Cephalexin DMD5JU8 Acute otitis media AB00 Approved [17]
LY2835219 DM93VBZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [18]
Dofetilide DMPN1TW Sinus rhythm disorder BC9Y Approved [19]
Pyrimethamine DM5X7VY Malaria 1F40-1F45 Approved [20]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Dinoprostone DMTYOPD Medical abortion JA00.1Z Approved [21]
Cisplatin DMRHGI9 Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [22]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [23]
Oxaliplatin DMQNWRD Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [24]
Zidovudine DM4KI7O Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [25]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [26]
Sorafenib DMS8IFC Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [27]
Quinine DMSWYF5 Malaria 1F40-1F45 Approved [28]
Dopamine DMPGUCF Acromegaly 5A60.0 Approved [29]
Propranolol DM79NTF Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [30]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Aciclovir DMYLOVR Genital herpes 1A94 Approved [4]
Metformin DM89QE1 Colorectal carcinoma Approved [4]
Ganciclovir DM1MBYQ Cytomegalovirus infection 1D82 Approved [4]
Cimetidine DMH61ZB Acid-reflux disorder DA22 Approved [4]
Topotecan DMP6G8T Central nervous system neoplasm Approved [4]
LY2835219 DM93VBZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [18]
Dofetilide DMPN1TW Sinus rhythm disorder BC9Y Approved [19]
Estrone sulfate DMVBIZL Atrophic vaginitis GA30.2 Approved [4]
N-methylpyridinium DMVUKEW N. A. N. A. Preclinical [4]
[14C]TEA DM6SFYH Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [4]
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Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Folic Acid DMEMBJC Colorectal carcinoma Approved [31]
Caffeine DMKBJWP Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [32]
Sulfamethoxazole DMB08GE Acute otitis media AB00 Approved [33]
Sulfadiazine DMTW3R8 Rheumatic fever 1B40-1B42 Approved [34]
Tobramycin DMUI0CH Bacteremia 1A73 Approved [35]
Mesalazine DMOL5IU Diverticulitis Approved [36]
Allopurinol DMLPAOB Gout FA25 Approved [37]
Netilmicin DMRD1QK Bacterial infection 1A00-1C4Z Approved [38]
Clonazepam DMTO13J Absence epilepsy Approved [39]
Hydralazine DMU8JGH Chronic heart failure BD1Z Approved [40]
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Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Doxorubicin DMVP5YE Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [41]
Progesterone DMUY35B Amenorrhea GA20.0 Approved [42]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [43]
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [44]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [45]
Quinine DMSWYF5 Malaria 1F40-1F45 Approved [46]
Propofol DMB4OLE Anaesthesia 9A78.6 Approved [47]
Dopamine DMPGUCF Acromegaly 5A60.0 Approved [48]
Nicotine DMWX5CO Lung cancer 2C25.0 Approved [49]
Propranolol DM79NTF Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [50]
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Infectious disease 1A00-CA43.1 Approved [70]
Paliperidone DM7NPJS Psychotic disorder 6A20-6A25 Approved [71]
Dopamine DMPGUCF Acromegaly 5A60.0 Approved [72]
Cannabidiol DM0659E Dravet syndrome 8A61.11 Approved [73]
Oxatomide DM1F42Z Hay fever CA08.00 Approved [74]
Cinacalcet DMCX0K3 Hyperparathyroidism 5A51 Approved [75]
Capsaicin DMGMF6V Back pain ME84.Z Approved [76]
Pentamidine DMHZJCG African trypanosomiasis 1F51 Approved [77]
Quinidine DMLPICK N. A. N. A. Approved [78]
Buprenorphine DMPRI8G Opioid dependence 6C43.2Z Approved [79]
⏷ Show the Full List of 20 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Metabolized By N-acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Hydralazine DMU8JGH Chronic heart failure BD1Z Approved [51]
Amifampridine DMK08L3 LambertEaton myasthenic syndrome 8C62 Approved [52]
Asacolitin DM3WVPJ N. A. N. A. Investigative [53]
Drug(s) Metabolized By N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Aspirin DM672AH Acute coronary syndrome BA41 Approved [54]
Aminosalicylic Acid DMENSL5 Crohn disease DD70 Approved [55]
Hydralazine DMU8JGH Chronic heart failure BD1Z Approved [51]
Amifampridine DMK08L3 LambertEaton myasthenic syndrome 8C62 Approved [52]
Asacolitin DM3WVPJ N. A. N. A. Investigative [53]
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Infectious disease 1A00-CA43.1 Approved [56]
Sulindac DM2QHZU Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [57]
Methotrexate DM2TEOL Anterior urethra cancer Approved [10]
Testosterone DM7HUNW Hot flushes GA30 Approved [58]
Calcitriol DM8ZVJ7 Congenital alopecia LC30 Approved [58]
Ciclosporin DMAZJFX Graft-versus-host disease 4B24 Approved [59]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [60]
Folic Acid DMEMBJC Colorectal carcinoma Approved [10]
Niclosamide DMJAGXQ Cestodes infection 1F70-1F76 Approved [61]
Paclitaxel DMLB81S Breast carcinoma Approved [62]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Hydralazine DMU8JGH Chronic heart failure BD1Z Approved [63]
Aspirin DM672AH Acute coronary syndrome BA41 Approved [64]
Sulfamethoxazole DMB08GE Acute otitis media AB00 Approved [65]
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Infectious disease 1A00-CA43.1 Approved [56]
Quercetin DM3NC4M Obesity 5B81 Approved [66]
Testosterone DM7HUNW Hot flushes GA30 Approved [58]
Calcitriol DM8ZVJ7 Congenital alopecia LC30 Approved [67]
Ciclosporin DMAZJFX Graft-versus-host disease 4B24 Approved [59]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [68]
Sodium Acetate Anhydrous DMH21E0 Hyponatraemia 5C72 Approved [69]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Dexamethasone DMMWZET Acute adrenal insufficiency Approved [80]
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Infectious disease 1A00-CA43.1 Approved [81]
Testosterone DM7HUNW Hot flushes GA30 Approved [58]
Calcitriol DM8ZVJ7 Congenital alopecia LC30 Approved [58]
Ciclosporin DMAZJFX Graft-versus-host disease 4B24 Approved [82]
Disulfiram DMCL2OK Alcohol dependence 6C40.2 Approved [83]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [84]
Itraconazole DMCR1MV Aspergillosis 1F20 Approved [85]
Ethanol DMDRQZU Chronic pain MG30 Approved [86]
Oxymetholone DMFXUT8 Aplastic anemia 3A70 Approved [87]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Cannabidiol DM0659E Dravet syndrome 8A61.11 Approved [88]
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Infectious disease 1A00-CA43.1 Approved [89]
Prednisone DM2HG4X Acute asthma CA23 Approved [90]
Thioridazine DM35M8J Schizophrenia 6A20 Approved [91]
Quercetin DM3NC4M Obesity 5B81 Approved [92]
Tretinoin DM49DUI Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [93]
Zidovudine DM4KI7O Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [94]
Arsenic trioxide DM61TA4 Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [95]
Hydroquinone DM6AVR4 Melasma ED60.1 Approved [96]
Marinol DM70IK5 Anorexia nervosa cachexia 6B80 Approved [97]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Selenium DM25CGV N. A. N. A. Approved [98]
Quercetin DM3NC4M Obesity 5B81 Approved [99]
Arsenic trioxide DM61TA4 Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [100]
Marinol DM70IK5 Anorexia nervosa cachexia 6B80 Approved [101]
Ciclosporin DMAZJFX Graft-versus-host disease 4B24 Approved [59]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [102]
Folic Acid DMEMBJC Colorectal carcinoma Approved [103]
Decitabine DMQL8XJ Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [104]
Cisplatin DMRHGI9 Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [105]
Menadione DMSJDTY Vitamin K deficiency 5B59 Approved [106]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Propranolol DM79NTF Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [107]
Atenolol DMNKG1Z Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [107]
Quinidine DMLPICK N. A. N. A. Approved [13]
Tretinoin DM49DUI Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [108]
Bupivacaine DM4PRFC Anaesthesia 9A78.6 Approved [109]
Marinol DM70IK5 Anorexia nervosa cachexia 6B80 Approved [101]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [60]
Mepivacaine DMH2NMY Analgesia MB40.8 Approved [109]
Mitoxantrone DMM39BF Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [110]
Daunorubicin DMQUSBT Acute monocytic leukemia Approved [110]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Disopyramide DM5SYZP Long QT syndrome BC65.0 Approved [13]
Amiodarone DMUTEX3 Tachyarrhythmias BC71 Approved [111]
Flecainide DMSQDLE Tachyarrhythmias BC71 Approved [112]
Cannabidiol DM0659E Dravet syndrome 8A61.11 Approved [113]
Meloxicam DM2AR7L Arthritis FA20 Approved [114]
Quercetin DM3NC4M Obesity 5B81 Approved [115]
Crizotinib DM4F29C Non-small-cell lung cancer 2C25.Y Approved [116]
Nefazodone DM4ZS8M Major depressive disorder 6A70.3 Approved [117]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [102]
Retigabine DMGNYIH Behcet disease 4A62 Approved [118]
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Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Isoniazid DM5JVS3 Latent tuberculosis infection Approved [13]
Ciclosporin DMAZJFX Graft-versus-host disease 4B24 Approved [82]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [102]
Ivermectin DMDBX5F Intestinal strongyloidiasis due to nematode parasite 1F6B Approved [119]
Temozolomide DMKECZD Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [120]
Arsenic DMTL2Y1 N. A. N. A. Approved [121]
Dapsone DM4LT8A Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [13]
Reserpine DM6VM38 Hypertension BA00-BA04 Approved [13]
bisphenol A DM2ZLD7 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [122]
⏷ Show the Full List of 9 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Tretinoin DM49DUI Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [123]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [124]
Pentobarbital DMFNH7L Brain ischaemia 8B1Z Approved [125]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [13]
Propranolol DM79NTF Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [13]
Diltiazem DMAI7ZV Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [13]
Sotalol DML60TN Sinus rhythm disorder BC9Y Approved [13]
Quinidine DMLPICK N. A. N. A. Approved [13]
Amiodarone DMUTEX3 Tachyarrhythmias BC71 Approved [13]
Atenolol DMNKG1Z Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [13]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Metoclopramide DMFA5MY Nausea MD90 Approved [126]
Quinidine DMLPICK N. A. N. A. Approved [127]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [128]
Erythromycin DM4K7GQ Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [129]
Clarithromycin DM4M1SG Acute maxillary sinusitis Approved [129]
Disopyramide DM5SYZP Long QT syndrome BC65.0 Approved [130]
Propranolol DM79NTF Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [131]
Amiodarone DMUTEX3 Tachyarrhythmias BC71 Approved [132]
Dofetilide DMPN1TW Sinus rhythm disorder BC9Y Approved [133]
Flecainide DMSQDLE Tachyarrhythmias BC71 Approved [129]
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Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Molecular Interaction Atlas

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID MOA REF
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase COP1 (RFWD2) TT05DLS COP1_HUMAN Modulator [2]
Voltage-gated sodium channel (Nav) TTIG65Q NOUNIPROTAC Modulator [2]

Drug Transporter (DTP)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Organic cation transporter 1 (SLC22A1) DTT79CX S22A1_HUMAN Substrate [3]
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 2 (SLC47A2) DT3TX4H S47A2_HUMAN Substrate [4]
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1 (SLC47A1) DTZGT0P S47A1_HUMAN Substrate [4]

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) DECB0K3 CP2D6_HUMAN Substrate [5]
N-acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1) DE7OAB3 ARY1_HUMAN Substrate [6]
RNA cytidine acetyltransferase (hALP) DEZV4AP NAT10_HUMAN Substrate [7]
N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) DER7TA0 ARY2_HUMAN Substrate [8]

Drug Off-Target (DOT)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Interaction REF
11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (HSD11B2) OTHF4H9U DHI2_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [9]
Arylamine N-acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1) OTCCNQ3H ARY1_HUMAN Biotransformations [10]
Arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) OTBPDQOY ARY2_HUMAN Biotransformations [11]
Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) OTN0ZWAE CDN2A_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [12]
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) OTZJC802 CP2D6_HUMAN Drug Response [13]
N-alpha-acetyltransferase 20 (NAA20) OTJB0VA6 NAA20_HUMAN Drug Response [13]
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1 (KCNE1) OTZNQUW9 KCNE1_HUMAN Drug Response [13]
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 (KCNH2) OTZX881H KCNH2_HUMAN Drug Response [13]
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1 (KCNQ1) OT8SPJNX KCNQ1_HUMAN Drug Response [13]
Ras association domain-containing protein 1 (RASSF1) OTEZIPB7 RASF1_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [12]

References

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5 Involvement of CYP2D6 activity in the N-oxidation of procainamide in man. Pharmacogenetics. 1999 Dec;9(6):683-96.
6 Longitudinal distribution of arylamine N-acetyltransferases in the intestine of the hamster, mouse, and rat. Evidence for multiplicity of N-acetyltransferases in the intestine. Biochem Pharmacol. 1996 Nov 22;52(10):1613-20.
7 Effect of H2-receptor antagonists on rat liver cytosolic acetyl CoA:arylamine N-acetyltransferase activity. Drug Metab Dispos. 1992 Jan-Feb;20(1):74-8.
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11 Interindividual variability in 5-Fluorouracil metabolism and procainamide N-acetylation in human liver cytosol. Biol Pharm Bull. 2005 Jun;28(6):1071-4. doi: 10.1248/bpb.28.1071.
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13 ADReCS-Target: target profiles for aiding drug safety research and application. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D911-D917. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx899.
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16 Molecular mechanism of renal tubular secretion of the antimalarial drug chloroquine. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2011 Jul;55(7):3091-8.
17 Reduced renal clearance of a zwitterionic substrate cephalexin in MATE1-deficient mice. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2010 Aug;334(2):651-6.
18 Abemaciclib Inhibits Renal Tubular Secretion Without Changing Glomerular Filtration Rate. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2019 May;105(5):1187-1195.
19 FDA Drug Development and Drug Interactions
20 Expression of Organic Anion Transporter 1 or 3 in Human Kidney Proximal Tubule Cells Reduces Cisplatin Sensitivity. Drug Metab Dispos. 2018 May;46(5):592-599.
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22 Cisplatin and oxaliplatin, but not carboplatin and nedaplatin, are substrates for human organic cation transporters (SLC22A1-3 and multidrug and toxin extrusion family). J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2006 Nov;319(2):879-86.
23 Pharmacologic markers and predictors of responses to imatinib therapy in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma. 2008 Apr;49(4):639-42.
24 Organic cation transporters are determinants of oxaliplatin cytotoxicity. Cancer Res. 2006 Sep 1;66(17):8847-57.
25 Human intestinal transporter database: QSAR modeling and virtual profiling of drug uptake, efflux and interactions. Pharm Res. 2013 Apr;30(4):996-1007.
26 Implications of genetic polymorphisms in drug transporters for pharmacotherapy. Cancer Lett. 2006 Mar 8;234(1):4-33.
27 Upregulation of histone acetylation reverses organic anion transporter 2 repression and enhances 5-fluorouracil sensitivity in hepatocellular carcinoma
28 Comparison of type I and type II organic cation transport by organic cation transporters and organic anion-transporting polypeptides. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2001 Jul;298(1):110-5.
29 Organic cation transporters and their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic consequences. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2008;23(4):243-53.
30 Influx Transport of Cationic Drug at the Blood-Retinal Barrier: Impact on the Retinal Delivery of Neuroprotectants. Biol Pharm Bull. 2017;40(8):1139-1145.
31 Arylamine N-acetyltransferase in human red blood cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 1992 Sep 25;44(6):1099-104.
32 A population and family study of N-acetyltransferase using caffeine urinary metabolites. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1993 Aug;54(2):134-41.
33 Crystallization and preliminary X-ray characterization of arylamine N-acetyltransferase C (BanatC) from Bacillus anthracis. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun. 2007 Oct 1;63(Pt 10):862-4.
34 Identification of cytochrome P450 and arylamine N-acetyltransferase isoforms involved in sulfadiazine metabolism. Drug Metab Dispos. 2005 Jul;33(7):969-76.
35 Genetic analysis of bacterial acetyltransferases: identification of amino acids determining the specificities of the aminoglycoside 6'-N-acetyltransferase Ib and IIa proteins. J Bacteriol. 1992 May;174(10):3196-203.
36 NAT1 genotypes do not predict response to mesalamine in patients with ulcerative colitis. Z Gastroenterol. 2008 Mar;46(3):259-65.
37 Xanthine oxidase inhibition by allopurinol affects the reliability of urinary caffeine metabolic ratios as markers for N-acetyltransferase 2 and CYP1A2 activities. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1999 Jan;54(11):869-76.
38 Aminoglycoside resistance resulting from tight drug binding to an altered aminoglycoside acetyltransferase. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2003 May;47(5):1577-83.
39 Effect of common NAT2 variant alleles in the acetylation of the major clonazepam metabolite, 7-aminoclonazepam. Drug Metab Lett. 2007 Jan;1(1):3-5.
40 Prizidilol, an antihypertensive with precapillary vasodilator and beta-adrenoceptor blocking actions, in primary hypertension. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1981 May;29(5):588-93.
41 Inhibitory effects of anticancer drugs on dextromethorphan-O-demethylase activity in human liver microsomes. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 1993;32(6):491-5.
42 Effect of genetic polymorphism on the metabolism of endogenous neuroactive substances, progesterone and p-tyramine, catalyzed by CYP2D6. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2004 Oct 22;129(1-2):117-23.
43 CYP2D6 polymorphisms and tamoxifen metabolism: clinical relevance. Curr Oncol Rep. 2010 Jan;12(1):7-15.
44 Metabolic interactions between acetaminophen (paracetamol) and two flavonoids, luteolin and quercetin, through in-vitro inhibition studies. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2017 Dec;69(12):1762-1772.
45 Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675.
46 Inhibition of cytochrome P450 2D6: structure-activity studies using a series of quinidine and quinine analogues. Chem Res Toxicol. 2003 Apr;16(4):450-9.
47 Effects of propofol on human hepatic microsomal cytochrome P450 activities. Xenobiotica. 1998 Sep;28(9):845-53.
48 Pharmacogenetics of schizophrenia. Am J Med Genet. 2000 Spring;97(1):98-106.
49 Roles of CYP2A6 and CYP2B6 in nicotine C-oxidation by human liver microsomes. Arch Toxicol. 1999 Mar;73(2):65-70.
50 Structure-activity relationship for human cytochrome P450 substrates and inhibitors. Drug Metab Rev. 2002 Feb-May;34(1-2):69-82.
51 N-acetyltransferase 2 genotype-dependent N-acetylation of hydralazine in human hepatocytes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2017 Dec;45(12):1276-1281.
52 Genetic variation in aryl N-acetyltransferase results in significant differences in the pharmacokinetic and safety profiles of amifampridine (3,4-diaminopyridine) phosphate. Pharmacol Res Perspect. 2015 Feb;3(1):e00099.
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