Details of the Drug-Related molecule(s) Interaction Atlas

General Information of Drug (ID: DMSWYF5)

• Drug Name: Quinine Drug Info
• Synonyms: Aflukin; Chinin; Chinine; Chininum; Conchinin; Conquinine; Quindan; Quinidex; Quinidine; Quinimax; Quinina; Quinineanhydrous; Quinora; Quniacridine; Chinin [German]; Kinder Quinina; QUININE MONO HCL; Quinine Dab; Quinine [BAN]; Quinine anhydrous; Quinine bisulfate; Quinine sulfate; Quinine sulphate; Quinoline alkaloid; LT00645788;Q0028; SB01652; Beta-Quinine; Cin-Quin; Coco-Quinine; IBS-L0034250; Kinder Quinina (TN); Legatrin (TN); Quinine (BAN); Quinine, Anhydrous; Quinine, polymers; Quinine, tannate; Biquinate (*Bisulfate heptathydrate*); Dentojel (*Bisulfate heptathydrate*); Quinamm (*2:1 Sulfate salt*), dihydrate; Quine (*2:1 Sulfate salt*, dihydrate); Quinsan (*2:1 Sulfate salt*), dihydrate; Alpha-(6-Methoxy-4-quinoyl)-5-vinyl-2-quinclidinemethanol; Cinchonan-9-ol, 6'-methoxy-, (8.alpha.,9R)-, sulfate; (+)-Quinidine; (-)-Quinine; (1R)-(6-Methoxyquinolin-4-yl)((1S,4S,5R)-5-vinylquinuclidin-2-yl)methanol; (3A,8A,9r)-6'-methoxycinchonan-9-ol; (5-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl)-(6-methoxyquinolin-4-yl)methanol; (8-alpha,9R)-6'-Methoxycinchonan-9-ol; (8.alpha.,9R)-6'-Methoxycinchonan-9-ol; (8S,9R)-6'-Methoxycinchonan-9-ol; (8S,9R)-Quinine; (9R)-6'-methoxy-8alpha-cinchonan-9-ol; (R)-(-)-Quinine, 6-methoxycinchonidine; (R)-(-)-quinine; (R)-(6-Methoxy-quinolin-4-yl)-((2S,5S)-5-vinyl-1-aza-bicyclo[2.2.2]oct-2-yl)-methanol; (R)-(6-methoxyquinolin-4-yl)((2S,4S,8R)-8-vinylquinuclidin-2-yl)methanol; (R)-[(2S,4R,5R)-5-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]-(6-methoxyquinolin-4-yl)methanol; (R)-[(2S,4S,5R)-5-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]-(6-methoxyquinolin-4-yl)methanol; (R)-[(2S,5R)-5-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]-(6-methoxyquinolin-4-yl)methanol; (S)-(5-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl)-(6-methoxyquinolin-4-yl)methanol; (S)-[(2R,4R,5S)-5-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]-(6-methoxyquinolin-4-yl)methanol; 6'-Methoxycinchonan-9-ol; 6'-Methoxycinchonidine; 6'-Methoxycinchonine; 6-Methoxycinchonine

Indication

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Malaria	1F40-1F45	Approved	[1]

• Therapeutic Class: Antimalarials
• Cross-matching ID:
  PubChem CID: 3034034
  ChEBI ID: CHEMBL170
  CAS Number: CAS 72402-53-0
  TTD Drug ID: DMSWYF5
  VARIDT Drug ID: DR00054
  INTEDE Drug ID: DR1385
  ACDINA Drug ID: D00577

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas

Drug(s) Targeting E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase COP1 (RFWD2)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Procainamide	DMNMXR8	Ventricular arrhythmias	BC71	Approved	[2]
Propafenone	DMPIBJK	Tachyarrhythmias	BC71	Approved	[2]
Flecainide	DMSQDLE	Tachyarrhythmias	BC71	Approved	[2]
Tocainide	DMYNMDP	Ventricular arrhythmias	BC71	Approved	[2]
Barucainide	DMTMS3L	Heart arrhythmia	BC65	Terminated	[21]

Drug(s) Transported By P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Amoxicillin	DMUYNEI	Acute otitis media	AB00	Approved	[22]
Doxorubicin	DMVP5YE	Acute myelogenous leukaemia	2A41	Approved	[23]
Methotrexate	DM2TEOL	Anterior urethra cancer		Approved	[8]
Folic Acid	DMEMBJC	Colorectal carcinoma		Approved	[24]
Fluorouracil	DMUM7HZ	Adenocarcinoma	2D40	Approved	[8]
Cisplatin	DMRHGI9	Adenocarcinoma	2D40	Approved	[8]
Progesterone	DMUY35B	Amenorrhea	GA20.0	Approved	[25]
Tamoxifen	DMLB0EZ	Breast cancer	2C60-2C65	Approved	[8]
Estradiol	DMUNTE3	Acne vulgaris	ED80	Approved	[26]
Imatinib	DM7RJXL	Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia	2A85	Approved	[27]

Drug(s) Transported By Organic cation transporter 2 (SLC22A2)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Dinoprostone	DMTYOPD	Medical abortion	JA00.1Z	Approved	[28]
Cisplatin	DMRHGI9	Adenocarcinoma	2D40	Approved	[29]
Oxaliplatin	DMQNWRD	Adenocarcinoma	2D40	Approved	[30]
Dopamine	DMPGUCF	Acromegaly	5A60.0	Approved	[31]
Propranolol	DM79NTF	Angina pectoris	BA40	Approved	[32]
Ergotidine	DM78IME	Osteoarthritis	FA00-FA05	Approved	[33]
Metformin	DM89QE1	Colorectal carcinoma		Approved	[34]
Clonidine	DM6RZ9Q	Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder	6A05.Z	Approved	[32]
Ranitidine	DM0GUSX	Gastric ulcer	DA60	Approved	[35]
Cimetidine	DMH61ZB	Acid-reflux disorder	DA22	Approved	[36]

Drug(s) Transported By Organic cation transporter 1 (SLC22A1)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Dinoprostone	DMTYOPD	Medical abortion	JA00.1Z	Approved	[28]
Cisplatin	DMRHGI9	Adenocarcinoma	2D40	Approved	[37]
Imatinib	DM7RJXL	Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia	2A85	Approved	[38]
Oxaliplatin	DMQNWRD	Adenocarcinoma	2D40	Approved	[39]
Zidovudine	DM4KI7O	Human immunodeficiency virus infection	1C62	Approved	[22]
Verapamil	DMA7PEW	Angina pectoris	BA40	Approved	[40]
Sorafenib	DMS8IFC	Adenocarcinoma	2D40	Approved	[41]
Dopamine	DMPGUCF	Acromegaly	5A60.0	Approved	[42]
Propranolol	DM79NTF	Angina pectoris	BA40	Approved	[32]
Cytarabine	DMZD5QR	Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia	2A85	Approved	[22]

Drug(s) Transported By Organic cation/carnitine transporter 2 (SLC22A5)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Verapamil	DMA7PEW	Angina pectoris	BA40	Approved	[43]
Entecavir	DM7VTQO	Hepatitis B virus infection	1E51.0	Approved	[44]
Levacecarnine hci	DMJBOCR	Cognitive impairment	6D71	Approved	[45]
Amphetamine	DMSZQAK	Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder	6A05.Z	Approved	[46]
Potassium Chloride	DMMTAJC	Hypokalemia	5C77	Approved	[47]
Tiotropium	DMFDC0Q	Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	CA22	Approved	[48]
Ipratropium	DMFQ320	Obstructive lung disease	CA22.Z	Approved	[48]
Mepyramine	DMB4SFH	Allergic rhinitis	CA08.0	Approved	[49]
Acetylcarnitine	DM4UE3K	Chronic fatigue syndrome	8E49	Phase 4	[50]
acetyl-L-carnitine	DM74HGJ	Discovery agent	N.A.	Investigative	[5]

Drug(s) Transported By Organic cation/carnitine transporter 1 (SLC22A4)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Verapamil	DMA7PEW	Angina pectoris	BA40	Approved	[4]
Cytarabine	DMZD5QR	Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia	2A85	Approved	[51]
Levacecarnine hci	DMJBOCR	Cognitive impairment	6D71	Approved	[52]
Gabapentin	DM6T924	Complex partial seizure	8A68.0	Approved	[53]
Ipratropium	DMFQ320	Obstructive lung disease	CA22.Z	Approved	[48]
[14C]TEA	DM6SFYH	Discovery agent	N.A.	Investigative	[54]

Drug(s) Transported By Na(+)/Cl(-) betaine/GABA transporter (SLC6A12)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Glycine	DMIOZ29	Allergic rhinitis	CA08.0	Approved	[55]
L-Proline	DMKSTWR	Malnutrition	5B50-5B71	Approved	[55]
Betaine	DMGRZW2	Cystitis	GC00	Approved	[56]
CHOLINE	DM5D9YK	Insomnia	7A00-7A0Z	Investigative	[55]

Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Doxorubicin	DMVP5YE	Acute myelogenous leukaemia	2A41	Approved	[57]
Progesterone	DMUY35B	Amenorrhea	GA20.0	Approved	[58]
Tamoxifen	DMLB0EZ	Breast cancer	2C60-2C65	Approved	[59]
Estradiol	DMUNTE3	Acne vulgaris	ED80	Approved	[60]
Acetaminophen	DMUIE76	Allergic rhinitis	CA08.0	Approved	[61]
Imatinib	DM7RJXL	Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia	2A85	Approved	[62]
Etoposide	DMNH3PG	Acute myelogenous leukaemia	2A41	Approved	[63]
Zidovudine	DM4KI7O	Human immunodeficiency virus infection	1C62	Approved	[64]
Prasterone	DM67VKL	Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	CA22	Approved	[58]
Verapamil	DMA7PEW	Angina pectoris	BA40	Approved	[65]

Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Fluorouracil	DMUM7HZ	Adenocarcinoma	2D40	Approved	[66]
Dinoprostone	DMTYOPD	Medical abortion	JA00.1Z	Approved	[67]
Tamoxifen	DMLB0EZ	Breast cancer	2C60-2C65	Approved	[68]
Estradiol	DMUNTE3	Acne vulgaris	ED80	Approved	[69]
Acetaminophen	DMUIE76	Allergic rhinitis	CA08.0	Approved	[70]
Imatinib	DM7RJXL	Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia	2A85	Approved	[71]
Etoposide	DMNH3PG	Acute myelogenous leukaemia	2A41	Approved	[63]
Oxaliplatin	DMQNWRD	Adenocarcinoma	2D40	Approved	[72]
Verapamil	DMA7PEW	Angina pectoris	BA40	Approved	[73]
Diclofenac	DMPIHLS	Chronic renal failure	GB61.Z	Approved	[74]

Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Doxorubicin	DMVP5YE	Acute myelogenous leukaemia	2A41	Approved	[75]
Progesterone	DMUY35B	Amenorrhea	GA20.0	Approved	[76]
Tamoxifen	DMLB0EZ	Breast cancer	2C60-2C65	Approved	[77]
Acetaminophen	DMUIE76	Allergic rhinitis	CA08.0	Approved	[61]
Imatinib	DM7RJXL	Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia	2A85	Approved	[65]
Propofol	DMB4OLE	Anaesthesia	9A78.6	Approved	[78]
Dopamine	DMPGUCF	Acromegaly	5A60.0	Approved	[79]
Nicotine	DMWX5CO	Lung cancer	2C25.0	Approved	[80]
Propranolol	DM79NTF	Angina pectoris	BA40	Approved	[81]
Amitriptyline	DMK7F9S	Depression	6A70-6A7Z	Approved	[82]

Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Doxorubicin	DMVP5YE	Acute myelogenous leukaemia	2A41	Approved	[83]
Progesterone	DMUY35B	Amenorrhea	GA20.0	Approved	[84]
Tamoxifen	DMLB0EZ	Breast cancer	2C60-2C65	Approved	[85]
Estradiol	DMUNTE3	Acne vulgaris	ED80	Approved	[14]
Acetaminophen	DMUIE76	Allergic rhinitis	CA08.0	Approved	[86]
Sulfasalazine	DMICA9H	Irritable bowel syndrome	DD91.0	Approved	[87]
Imatinib	DM7RJXL	Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia	2A85	Approved	[88]
Etoposide	DMNH3PG	Acute myelogenous leukaemia	2A41	Approved	[89]
Verapamil	DMA7PEW	Angina pectoris	BA40	Approved	[90]
Sorafenib	DMS8IFC	Adenocarcinoma	2D40	Approved	[14]

Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 3A7 (CYP3A7)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Progesterone	DMUY35B	Amenorrhea	GA20.0	Approved	[91]
Tamoxifen	DMLB0EZ	Breast cancer	2C60-2C65	Approved	[14]
Estradiol	DMUNTE3	Acne vulgaris	ED80	Approved	[14]
Imatinib	DM7RJXL	Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia	2A85	Approved	[14]
Prasterone	DM67VKL	Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	CA22	Approved	[92]
Verapamil	DMA7PEW	Angina pectoris	BA40	Approved	[93]
Sorafenib	DMS8IFC	Adenocarcinoma	2D40	Approved	[14]
Irinotecan	DMP6SC2	Adenocarcinoma	2D40	Approved	[14]
Metronidazole	DMTIVEN	Abscess		Approved	[94]
Atorvastatin	DMF28YC	Acute coronary syndrome	BA41	Approved	[95]

Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Fluorouracil	DMUM7HZ	Adenocarcinoma	2D40	Approved	[66]
Estradiol	DMUNTE3	Acne vulgaris	ED80	Approved	[15]
Imatinib	DM7RJXL	Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia	2A85	Approved	[15]
Zidovudine	DM4KI7O	Human immunodeficiency virus infection	1C62	Approved	[92]
Verapamil	DMA7PEW	Angina pectoris	BA40	Approved	[96]
Diclofenac	DMPIHLS	Chronic renal failure	GB61.Z	Approved	[97]
Sorafenib	DMS8IFC	Adenocarcinoma	2D40	Approved	[98]
Mycophenolate mofetil	DMPQAGE	Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma		Approved	[99]
Propofol	DMB4OLE	Anaesthesia	9A78.6	Approved	[100]
Ibuprofen	DM8VCBE	Dysmenorrhea	GA34.3	Approved	[101]

Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Progesterone	DMUY35B	Amenorrhea	GA20.0	Approved	[102]
Tamoxifen	DMLB0EZ	Breast cancer	2C60-2C65	Approved	[103]
Estradiol	DMUNTE3	Acne vulgaris	ED80	Approved	[104]
Acetaminophen	DMUIE76	Allergic rhinitis	CA08.0	Approved	[92]
Imatinib	DM7RJXL	Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia	2A85	Approved	[105]
Zidovudine	DM4KI7O	Human immunodeficiency virus infection	1C62	Approved	[92]
Verapamil	DMA7PEW	Angina pectoris	BA40	Approved	[106]
Diclofenac	DMPIHLS	Chronic renal failure	GB61.Z	Approved	[107]
Estrone	DM5T6US	Acne vulgaris	ED80	Approved	[108]
Valproate	DMCFE9I	Epilepsy	8A60-8A68	Approved	[109]

Drug(s) Metabolized By Mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase (CYP2C19)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Amoxicillin	DMUYNEI	Acute otitis media	AB00	Approved	[110]
Progesterone	DMUY35B	Amenorrhea	GA20.0	Approved	[102]
Tamoxifen	DMLB0EZ	Breast cancer	2C60-2C65	Approved	[111]
Estradiol	DMUNTE3	Acne vulgaris	ED80	Approved	[112]
Zidovudine	DM4KI7O	Human immunodeficiency virus infection	1C62	Approved	[92]
Verapamil	DMA7PEW	Angina pectoris	BA40	Approved	[113]
Diclofenac	DMPIHLS	Chronic renal failure	GB61.Z	Approved	[114]
Valproate	DMCFE9I	Epilepsy	8A60-8A68	Approved	[109]
Propofol	DMB4OLE	Anaesthesia	9A78.6	Approved	[100]
Ibuprofen	DM8VCBE	Dysmenorrhea	GA34.3	Approved	[92]

Drug(s) Affected By Cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Cannabidiol	DM0659E	Dravet syndrome	8A61.11	Approved	[115]
Thioridazine	DM35M8J	Schizophrenia	6A20	Approved	[116]
Voriconazole	DMAOL2S	Aspergillosis	1F20	Approved	[117]
Chloramphenicol	DMFXEWT	Bacterial infection	1A00-1C4Z	Approved	[118]
Capsaicin	DMGMF6V	Back pain	ME84.Z	Approved	[119]
Pentamidine	DMHZJCG	African trypanosomiasis	1F51	Approved	[17]
Stiripentol	DMMSDOY	Dravet syndrome	8A61.11	Approved	[120]
Desipramine	DMT2FDC	Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder	6A05.Z	Approved	[116]
Amitriptyline	DMK7F9S	Depression	6A70-6A7Z	Approved	[121]
Clobazam - Lundbeck	DMW1OQ0	Anxiety disorder	6B00-6B0Z	Approved	[122]

Drug(s) Affected By Solute carrier family 22 member 2 (SLC22A2)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Cimetidine	DMH61ZB	Acid-reflux disorder	DA22	Approved	[123]
Cisplatin	DMRHGI9	Adenocarcinoma	2D40	Approved	[123]
Ranitidine	DM0GUSX	Gastric ulcer	DA60	Approved	[35]
Lamivudine	DMI347A	Chronic HBV infection	1E51.0Z	Approved	[124]
Famotidine	DMRL3AB	Gastric ulcer	DA60	Approved	[35]
Sulindac	DM2QHZU	Acute myelogenous leukaemia	2A41	Approved	[125]
Trospium chloride	DM32XZT	Discovery agent	N.A.	Approved	[126]
Phenoxybenzamine	DM8KSQH	Malignant essential hypertension	BA00	Approved	[127]
Valproate	DMCFE9I	Epilepsy	8A60-8A68	Approved	[128]
Indomethacin	DMSC4A7	Bursitis		Approved	[125]

Drug(s) Affected By Solute carrier family 22 member 1 (SLC22A1)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Phenoxybenzamine	DM8KSQH	Malignant essential hypertension	BA00	Approved	[127]
Trospium chloride	DM32XZT	Discovery agent	N.A.	Approved	[126]
Ranitidine	DM0GUSX	Gastric ulcer	DA60	Approved	[129]
Lamivudine	DMI347A	Chronic HBV infection	1E51.0Z	Approved	[124]
Sulindac	DM2QHZU	Acute myelogenous leukaemia	2A41	Approved	[125]
Troglitazone	DM3VFPD	Diabetic complication	5A2Y	Approved	[130]
Tretinoin	DM49DUI	Acne vulgaris	ED80	Approved	[131]
Rifampicin	DM5DSFZ	Non-insulin dependent diabetes	5A11	Approved	[132]
Ibuprofen	DM8VCBE	Dysmenorrhea	GA34.3	Approved	[125]
Ciclosporin	DMAZJFX	Graft-versus-host disease	4B24	Approved	[133]

Drug(s) Affected By ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1 (ABCB1)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Flupentixol	DM0DJ9O	Schizophrenia	6A20	Approved	[134]
Sertraline	DM0FB1J	Coronary heart disease	BA80.Z	Approved	[135]
Crizotinib	DM4F29C	Non-small-cell lung cancer	2C25.Y	Approved	[136]
Lamotrigine	DM8SXYG	Bipolar disorder	6A60	Approved	[137]
Cepharanthine	DM9Y5JB	N. A.	N. A.	Approved	[138]
Itraconazole	DMCR1MV	Aspergillosis	1F20	Approved	[139]
Clozapine	DMFC71L	Schizophrenia	6A20	Approved	[140]
Midostaurin	DMI6E0R	Acute myeloid leukaemia	2A60	Approved	[141]
Trifluoperazine	DMKBYWI	Anxiety		Approved	[142]
Olanzapine	DMPFN6Y	Bipolar depression		Approved	[140]

Drug(s) Affected By Sodium/hydrogen exchanger 7 (SLC9A7)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Tretinoin	DM49DUI	Acne vulgaris	ED80	Approved	[131]
Ciclosporin	DMAZJFX	Graft-versus-host disease	4B24	Approved	[143]
Arsenic	DMTL2Y1	N. A.	N. A.	Approved	[144]
Acetaminophen	DMUIE76	Allergic rhinitis	CA08.0	Approved	[145]
AMG 386	DMQJXL4	Breast cancer	2C60-2C65	Phase 3	[18]
Benzo(a)pyrene	DMN7J43	N. A.	N. A.	Phase 1	[146]
PMID28870136-Compound-52	DMFDERP	N. A.	N. A.	Patented	[147]
Milchsaure	DM462BT	Pruritus	EC90	Investigative	[148]
benzamil	DM57SVW	Discovery agent	N.A.	Investigative	[18]
3-iodothyronamine	DM3L0F8	Discovery agent	N.A.	Investigative	[149]

Drug(s) Affected By Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2 (SLCO1A2)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Trospium chloride	DM32XZT	Discovery agent	N.A.	Approved	[126]
Saquinavir	DMG814N	Human immunodeficiency virus infection	1C62	Approved	[150]
Hydroxyurea	DMOQVU9	Chronic myelogenous leukaemia	2A20.0	Approved	[151]
Omeprazole	DM471KJ	Cystic fibrosis	CA25	Approved	[152]
Calcitriol	DM8ZVJ7	Congenital alopecia	LC30	Approved	[153]
Testosterone enanthate	DMB6871	N. A.	N. A.	Approved	[154]
Valproate	DMCFE9I	Epilepsy	8A60-8A68	Approved	[155]
Cholecalciferol	DMGU74E	Adult acute monocytic leukemia		Approved	[156]
Ethinyl Estradiol	DMODJ40	Acne vulgaris	ED80	Approved	[157]
Vorinostat	DMWMPD4	Adult acute monocytic leukemia		Approved	[158]

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase COP1 (RFWD2)	TT05DLS	COP1_HUMAN	Modulator	[2]

Drug Transporter (DTP)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Na(+)/Cl(-) betaine/GABA transporter (SLC6A12)	DTBPTJF	S6A12_HUMAN	Substrate	[3]
Organic cation/carnitine transporter 1 (SLC22A4)	DT2EG60	S22A4_HUMAN	Substrate	[4]
Organic cation/carnitine transporter 2 (SLC22A5)	DT3HUVD	S22A5_HUMAN	Substrate	[5]
Organic cation transporter 1 (SLC22A1)	DTT79CX	S22A1_HUMAN	Substrate	[6]
Organic cation transporter 2 (SLC22A2)	DT9IDPW	S22A2_HUMAN	Substrate	[7]
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)	DTUGYRD	MDR1_HUMAN	Substrate	[8]

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	DE4LYSA	CP3A4_HUMAN	Substrate	[9]
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)	DECB0K3	CP2D6_HUMAN	Substrate	[10]
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9)	DE5IED8	CP2C9_HUMAN	Substrate	[11]
Mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase (CYP2C19)	DEGTFWK	CP2CJ_HUMAN	Substrate	[12]
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2)	DEJGDUW	CP1A2_HUMAN	Substrate	[13]
Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5)	DEIBDNY	CP3A5_HUMAN	Substrate	[14]
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8)	DES5XRU	CP2C8_HUMAN	Substrate	[15]
Cytochrome P450 3A7 (CYP3A7)	DERD86B	CP3A7_HUMAN	Substrate	[14]

Drug Off-Target (DOT)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Interaction	REF
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1 (ABCB1)	OTEJROBO	MDR1_HUMAN	Regulation of Drug Effects	[16]
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19)	OTFMJYYE	CP2CJ_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[17]
Sodium/hydrogen exchanger 7 (SLC9A7)	OTVDLTYA	SL9A7_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[18]
Solute carrier family 22 member 1 (SLC22A1)	OT7817I4	S22A1_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[19]
Solute carrier family 22 member 2 (SLC22A2)	OTGFK1AL	S22A2_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[19]
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2 (SLCO1A2)	OTO70C5O	SO1A2_HUMAN	Regulation of Drug Effects	[20]

References

• [1] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 2510).
• [2] Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
• [3] The Transporter Classification Database (TCDB): recent advances. Nucleic Acids Res. 2016 Jan 4;44(D1):D372-9. (ID: 2.A.22.3.1)
• [4] Novel membrane transporter OCTN1 mediates multispecific, bidirectional, and pH-dependent transport of organic cations. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 May;289(2):768-73.
• [5] Na(+)-dependent carnitine transport by organic cation transporter (OCTN2): its pharmacological and toxicological relevance. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 Nov;291(2):778-84.
• [6] Comparison of type I and type II organic cation transport by organic cation transporters and organic anion-transporting polypeptides. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2001 Jul;298(1):110-5.
• [7] Cloning and characterization of two human polyspecific organic cation transporters. DNA Cell Biol. 1997 Jul;16(7):871-81.
• [8] Mammalian drug efflux transporters of the ATP binding cassette (ABC) family in multidrug resistance: A review of the past decade. Cancer Lett. 2016 Jan 1;370(1):153-64.
• [9] Quinine induced simvastatin toxicity through cytochrome inhibition - a case report. BMC Geriatr. 2016 Oct 1;16(1):168.
• [10] Inhibition of cytochrome P450 2D6: structure-activity studies using a series of quinidine and quinine analogues. Chem Res Toxicol. 2003 Apr;16(4):450-9.
• [11] Identification of human cytochrome P450 isoforms involved in the 3-hydroxylation of quinine by human live microsomes and nine recombinant human cytochromes P450. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1996 Dec;279(3):1327-34.
• [12] Organic anion-transporting polypeptide B (OATP-B) and its functional comparison with three other OATPs of human liver. Gastroenterology. 2001 Feb;120(2):525-33.
• [13] The roles of cytochrome P450 3A4 and 1A2 in the 3-hydroxylation of quinine in vivo. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1999 Nov;66(5):454-60.
• [14] Drug Interactions Flockhart Table
• [15] Role of cytochrome P450 2C8 in drug metabolism and interactions. Pharmacol Rev. 2016 Jan;68(1):168-241.
• [16] Stereoselective transport of hydrophilic quaternary drugs by human MDR1 and rat Mdr1b P-glycoproteins. Br J Pharmacol. 2002 Apr;135(7):1685-94. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0704620.
• [17] Application of higher throughput screening (HTS) inhibition assays to evaluate the interaction of antiparasitic drugs with cytochrome P450s. Drug Metab Dispos. 2001 Jan;29(1):30-5.
• [18] Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel (Na+,K+)/H+ exchanger localized to the trans-Golgi network. J Biol Chem. 2001 May 18;276(20):17387-94. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M101319200. Epub 2001 Feb 26.
• [19] Involvement of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in the cytotoxicity of corannulene and its derivatives. Toxicol Lett. 2020 Mar 15;321:114-121. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.12.012. Epub 2019 Dec 9.
• [20] Expression of Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide 1A2 in Red Blood Cells and Its Potential Impact on Antimalarial Therapy. Drug Metab Dispos. 2016 Oct;44(10):1562-8. doi: 10.1124/dmd.116.069807. Epub 2016 Aug 8.
• [21] Barucainide, a novel class Ib antiarrhythmic agent with a slow kinetic property: electrophysiologic observations in isolated canine and rabbit cardiac muscle. Am Heart J. 1990 May;119(5):1050-60.
• [22] Human intestinal transporter database: QSAR modeling and virtual profiling of drug uptake, efflux and interactions. Pharm Res. 2013 Apr;30(4):996-1007.
• [23] MDR1 (ABCB1) G1199A (Ser400Asn) polymorphism alters transepithelial permeability and sensitivity to anticancer agents. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2009 Jun;64(1):183-8.
• [24] Folate transporter expression decreases in the human placenta throughout pregnancy and in pre-eclampsia. Pregnancy Hypertens. 2012 Apr;2(2):123-31.
• [25] Comparative studies on in vitro methods for evaluating in vivo function of MDR1 P-glycoprotein. Pharm Res. 2001 Dec;18(12):1660-8.
• [26] Antiestrogens and steroid hormones: substrates of the human P-glycoprotein. Biochem Pharmacol. 1994 Jul 19;48(2):287-92.
• [27] Association of genetic polymorphisms in the influx transporter SLCO1B3 and the efflux transporter ABCB1 with imatinib pharmacokinetics in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. Ther Drug Monit. 2011 Apr;33(2):244-50.
• [28] Are organic cation transporters capable of transporting prostaglandins? Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2005 Aug;372(2):125-30.
• [29] Cisplatin nephrotoxicity is critically mediated via the human organic cation transporter 2. Am J Pathol. 2005 Dec;167(6):1477-84.
• [30] Relevance of copper transporter 1 and organic cation transporters 1-3 for oxaliplatin uptake and drug resistance in colorectal cancer cells. Metallomics. 2018 Mar 1;10(3):414-425.
• [31] Differential pharmacological in vitro properties of organic cation transporters and regional distribution in rat brain. Neuropharmacology. 2006 Jun;50(8):941-52.
• [32] Influx Transport of Cationic Drug at the Blood-Retinal Barrier: Impact on the Retinal Delivery of Neuroprotectants. Biol Pharm Bull. 2017;40(8):1139-1145.
• [33] The organic cation transporters (OCT1, OCT2, EMT) and the plasma membrane monoamine transporter (PMAT) show differential distribution and cyclic expression pattern in human endometrium and early pregnancy decidua. Mol Reprod Dev. 2007 Oct;74(10):1303-11.
• [34] Metformin is a superior substrate for renal organic cation transporter OCT2 rather than hepatic OCT1. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2005 Oct;20(5):379-86.
• [35] A species difference in the transport activities of H2 receptor antagonists by rat and human renal organic anion and cation transporters. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2005 Oct;315(1):337-45.
• [36] Elevated systemic elimination of cimetidine in rats with acute biliary obstruction: the role of renal organic cation transporter OCT2. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2010;25(4):328-34.
• [37] Cisplatin and oxaliplatin, but not carboplatin and nedaplatin, are substrates for human organic cation transporters (SLC22A1-3 and multidrug and toxin extrusion family). J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2006 Nov;319(2):879-86.
• [38] Pharmacologic markers and predictors of responses to imatinib therapy in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma. 2008 Apr;49(4):639-42.
• [39] Organic cation transporters are determinants of oxaliplatin cytotoxicity. Cancer Res. 2006 Sep 1;66(17):8847-57.
• [40] Implications of genetic polymorphisms in drug transporters for pharmacotherapy. Cancer Lett. 2006 Mar 8;234(1):4-33.
• [41] Upregulation of histone acetylation reverses organic anion transporter 2 repression and enhances 5-fluorouracil sensitivity in hepatocellular carcinoma
• [42] Organic cation transporters and their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic consequences. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2008;23(4):243-53.
• [43] Genetic variations of the SLC22A5 gene in the Chinese and Indian populations of Singapore. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2010;25(1):112-9.
• [44] Multiple SLC and ABC Transporters Contribute to the Placental Transfer of Entecavir. Drug Metab Dispos. 2017 Mar;45(3):269-278.
• [45] Colistin is substrate of the carnitine/organic cation transporter 2 (OCTN2, SLC22A5). Drug Metab Dispos. 2017 Dec;45(12):1240-1244.
• [46] Novel organic cation transporter 2-mediated carnitine uptake in placental choriocarcinoma (BeWo) cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2005 Jan;312(1):192-8.
• [47] Mutations affecting GABAergic signaling in seizures and epilepsy. Pflugers Arch. 2010 Jul;460(2):505-23.
• [48] Transport of ipratropium, an anti-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease drug, is mediated by organic cation/carnitine transporters in human bronchial epithelial cells: implications for carrier-mediated pulmonary absorption. Mol Pharm. 2010 Feb 1;7(1):187-95.
• [49] Genetic deficiency of carnitine/organic cation transporter 2 (slc22a5) is associated with altered tissue distribution of its substrate pyrilamine in mice. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2009 Dec;30(9):495-507.
• [50] Cloning and functional characterization of a novel up-regulator, cartregulin, of carnitine transporter, OCTN2. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2006 Aug 1;452(1):29-37.
• [51] OCTN1 Is a High-Affinity Carrier of Nucleoside Analogues. Cancer Res. 2017 Apr 15;77(8):2102-2111.
• [52] Spontaneous development of intestinal and colonic atrophy and inflammation in the carnitine-deficient jvs (OCTN2(-/-)) mice. Mol Genet Metab. 2007 Dec;92(4):315-24.
• [53] Effects of genetic variation in the novel organic cation transporter, OCTN1, on the renal clearance of gabapentin. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2008 Mar;83(3):416-21.
• [54] Functional effects of protein sequence polymorphisms in the organic cation/ergothioneine transporter OCTN1 (SLC22A4). Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2007 Sep;17(9):773-82.
• [55] Interpreting metabolomic profiles using unbiased pathway models. PLoS Comput Biol. 2010 Feb 26;6(2):e1000692.
• [56] Deletion of the betaine-GABA transporter (BGT1; slc6a12) gene does not affect seizure thresholds of adult mice. Epilepsy Res. 2011 Jun;95(1-2):70-81.
• [57] Expression levels and activation of a PXR variant are directly related to drug resistance in osteosarcoma cell lines. Cancer. 2007 Mar 1;109(5):957-65.
• [58] Contribution of human hepatic cytochrome P450 isoforms to regioselective hydroxylation of steroid hormones. Xenobiotica. 1998 Jun;28(6):539-47.
• [59] Comprehensive evaluation of tamoxifen sequential biotransformation by the human cytochrome P450 system in vitro: prominent roles for CYP3A and CYP2D6. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004 Sep;310(3):1062-75.
• [60] Isoform-specific regulation of cytochromes P450 expression by estradiol and progesterone. Drug Metab Dispos. 2013 Feb;41(2):263-9.
• [61] Metabolic interactions between acetaminophen (paracetamol) and two flavonoids, luteolin and quercetin, through in-vitro inhibition studies. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2017 Dec;69(12):1762-1772.
• [62] Potent mechanism-based inhibition of CYP3A4 by imatinib explains its liability to interact with CYP3A4 substrates. Br J Pharmacol. 2012 Apr;165(8):2787-98.
• [63] Effects of morin on the pharmacokinetics of etoposide in rats. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2007 Apr;28(3):151-6.
• [64] The metabolism of zidovudine by human liver microsomes in vitro: formation of 3'-amino-3'-deoxythymidine. Biochem Pharmacol. 1994 Jul 19;48(2):267-76.
• [65] Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675.
• [66] Roles of cytochromes P450 1A2, 2A6, and 2C8 in 5-fluorouracil formation from tegafur, an anticancer prodrug, in human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Dec;28(12):1457-63.
• [67] Effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids on prostaglandin synthesis and cyclooxygenase-mediated DNA adduct formation by heterocyclic aromatic amines in human adenocarcinoma colon cells. Mol Carcinog. 2004 Jul;40(3):180-8.
• [68] Endoxifen and other metabolites of tamoxifen inhibit human hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase 2A1 (hSULT2A1). Drug Metab Dispos. 2014 Nov;42(11):1843-50.
• [69] Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) activity and risk factors for breast cancer: a cross-sectional study. Breast Cancer Res. 2004;6(4):R352-65.
• [70] PharmGKB summary: pathways of acetaminophen metabolism at the therapeutic versus toxic doses. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2015 Aug;25(8):416-26.
• [71] The effect of apigenin on pharmacokinetics of imatinib and its metabolite N-desmethyl imatinib in rats. Biomed Res Int. 2013;2013:789184.
• [72] The influence of metabolic gene polymorphisms on urinary 1-hydroxypyrene concentrations in Chinese coke oven workers. Sci Total Environ. 2007 Aug 1;381(1-3):38-46.
• [73] Identification of P450 enzymes involved in metabolism of verapamil in humans. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1993 Sep;348(3):332-7.
• [74] Metabolism and metabolic inhibition of xanthotoxol in human liver microsomes. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:5416509.
• [75] Inhibitory effects of anticancer drugs on dextromethorphan-O-demethylase activity in human liver microsomes. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 1993;32(6):491-5.
• [76] Effect of genetic polymorphism on the metabolism of endogenous neuroactive substances, progesterone and p-tyramine, catalyzed by CYP2D6. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2004 Oct 22;129(1-2):117-23.
• [77] CYP2D6 polymorphisms and tamoxifen metabolism: clinical relevance. Curr Oncol Rep. 2010 Jan;12(1):7-15.
• [78] Effects of propofol on human hepatic microsomal cytochrome P450 activities. Xenobiotica. 1998 Sep;28(9):845-53.
• [79] Pharmacogenetics of schizophrenia. Am J Med Genet. 2000 Spring;97(1):98-106.
• [80] Roles of CYP2A6 and CYP2B6 in nicotine C-oxidation by human liver microsomes. Arch Toxicol. 1999 Mar;73(2):65-70.
• [81] Structure-activity relationship for human cytochrome P450 substrates and inhibitors. Drug Metab Rev. 2002 Feb-May;34(1-2):69-82.
• [82] Bioactivation of the tricyclic antidepressant amitriptyline and its metabolite nortriptyline to arene oxide intermediates in human liver microsomes and recombinant P450s. Chem Biol Interact. 2008 May 9;173(1):59-67.
• [83] Drug related genetic polymorphisms affecting adverse reactions to methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin and cisplatin in patients with urothelial cancer. J Urol. 2008 Dec;180(6):2389-95.
• [84] Human prostate CYP3A5: identification of a unique 5'-untranslated sequence and characterization of purified recombinant protein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1999 Jul 14;260(3):676-81.
• [85] Polymorphisms in cytochrome P4503A5 (CYP3A5) may be associated with race and tumor characteristics, but not metabolism and side effects of tamoxifen in breast cancer patients. Cancer Lett. 2005 Jan 10;217(1):61-72.
• [86] Induction of hepatic CYP2E1 by a subtoxic dose of acetaminophen in rats: increase in dichloromethane metabolism and carboxyhemoglobin elevation. Drug Metab Dispos. 2007 Oct;35(10):1754-8.
• [87] Urinary 6 beta-hydroxycortisol excretion in rheumatoid arthritis. Br J Rheumatol. 1997 Jan;36(1):54-8.
• [88] Clinical pharmacokinetics of imatinib. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2005;44(9):879-94.
• [89] Kinetics and regulation of cytochrome P450-mediated etoposide metabolism. Drug Metab Dispos. 2004 Sep;32(9):993-1000.
• [90] Differential mechanism-based inhibition of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 by verapamil. Drug Metab Dispos. 2005 May;33(5):664-71.
• [91] The role of cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) isoform(s) in oxidative metabolism of testosterone and benzphetamine in human adult and fetal liver. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1993 Jan;44(1):61-7.
• [92] Summary of information on human CYP enzymes: human P450 metabolism data. Drug Metab Rev. 2002 Feb-May;34(1-2):83-448.
• [93] Prediction of cytochrome P450 3A inhibition by verapamil enantiomers and their metabolites. Drug Metab Dispos. 2004 Feb;32(2):259-66.
• [94] The role of human cytochrome P450 enzymes in the formation of 2-hydroxymetronidazole: CYP2A6 is the high affinity (low Km) catalyst. Drug Metab Dispos. 2013 Sep;41(9):1686-94.
• [95] Drug Development and Drug Interactions: Table of Substrates, Inhibitors and Inducers.
• [96] Differential expression and function of CYP2C isoforms in human intestine and liver. Pharmacogenetics. 2003 Sep;13(9):565-75.
• [97] Analysis of human cytochrome P450 2C8 substrate specificity using a substrate pharmacophore and site-directed mutants. Biochemistry. 2004 Dec 14;43(49):15379-92.
• [98] Interaction of sorafenib and cytochrome P450 isoenzymes in patients with advanced melanoma: a phase I/II pharmacokinetic interaction study. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2011 Nov;68(5):1111-8.
• [99] PharmGKB summary: mycophenolic acid pathway. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2014 Jan;24(1):73-9.
• [100] Possible involvement of multiple human cytochrome P450 isoforms in the liver metabolism of propofol. Br J Anaesth. 1998 Jun;80(6):788-95.
• [101] Influence of CYP2C8 polymorphisms on the hydroxylation metabolism of paclitaxel, repaglinide and ibuprofen enantiomers in vitro. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2013 Jul;34(5):278-87.
• [102] Progesterone and testosterone hydroxylation by cytochromes P450 2C19, 2C9, and 3A4 in human liver microsomes. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1997 Oct 1;346(1):161-9.
• [103] Tamoxifen inhibits cytochrome P450 2C9 activity in breast cancer patients. J Chemother. 2006 Aug;18(4):421-4.
• [104] Characterization of the oxidative metabolites of 17beta-estradiol and estrone formed by 15 selectively expressed human cytochrome p450 isoforms. Endocrinology. 2003 Aug;144(8):3382-98.
• [105] Drug-drug interactions with imatinib: an observational study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 Oct;95(40):e5076.
• [106] Drug interactions with calcium channel blockers: possible involvement of metabolite-intermediate complexation with CYP3A. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Feb;28(2):125-30.
• [107] New insights into the structural features and functional relevance of human cytochrome P450 2C9. Part I. Curr Drug Metab. 2009 Dec;10(10):1075-126.
• [108] A potential role for the estrogen-metabolizing cytochrome P450 enzymes in human breast carcinogenesis. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2003 Dec;82(3):191-7.
• [109] A mechanistic approach to antiepileptic drug interactions. Ann Pharmacother. 1998 May;32(5):554-63.
• [110] High-dose rabeprazole/amoxicillin therapy as the second-line regimen after failure to eradicate H. pylori by triple therapy with the usual doses of a proton pump inhibitor, clarithromycin and amoxicillin. Hepatogastroenterology. 2003 Nov-Dec;50(54):2274-8.
• [111] Cytochrome P450 pharmacogenetics and cancer. Oncogene. 2006 Mar 13;25(11):1679-91.
• [112] CYP2C19*17 is associated with decreased breast cancer risk. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2009 May;115(2):391-6.
• [113] Cytochromes of the P450 2C subfamily are the major enzymes involved in the O-demethylation of verapamil in humans. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1995 Dec;353(1):116-21.
• [114] Diclofenac and its derivatives as tools for studying human cytochromes P450 active sites: particular efficiency and regioselectivity of P450 2Cs. Biochemistry. 1999 Oct 26;38(43):14264-70.
• [115] Characterization of the structural determinants required for potent mechanism-based inhibition of human cytochrome P450 1A1 by cannabidiol. Chem Biol Interact. 2014 May 25;215:62-8.
• [116] Inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes participating in p-nitrophenol hydroxylation by drugs known as CYP2E1 inhibitors. Chem Biol Interact. 2004 Apr 15;147(3):331-40.
• [117] The novel azole R126638 is a selective inhibitor of ergosterol synthesis in Candida albicans, Trichophyton spp., and Microsporum canis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2004 Sep;48(9):3272-8.
• [118] Cytochrome P450 inhibition potential of new psychoactive substances of the tryptamine class. Toxicol Lett. 2016 Jan 22;241:82-94.
• [119] Effects of capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin on human and rat liver microsomal CYP450 enzyme activities in vitro and in vivo. J Asian Nat Prod Res. 2012;14(4):382-95.
• [120] Stiripentol. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2005 Jul;14(7):905-11.
• [121] ADReCS-Target: target profiles for aiding drug safety research and application. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D911-D917. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx899.
• [122] In vitro characterization of clobazam metabolism by recombinant cytochrome P450 enzymes: importance of CYP2C19. Drug Metab Dispos. 2004 Nov;32(11):1279-86.
• [123] Ameliorative effects of SLC22A2 gene polymorphism 808 G/T and cimetidine on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in Chinese cancer patients. Food Chem Toxicol. 2012 Jul;50(7):2289-93. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.03.077. Epub 2012 Apr 16.
• [124] Transport of lamivudine [(-)-beta-L-2',3'-dideoxy-3'-thiacytidine] and high-affinity interaction of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors with human organic cation transporters 1, 2, and 3. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2009 Apr;329(1):252-61. doi: 10.1124/jpet.108.146225. Epub 2009 Jan 13.
• [125] Interactions of human organic anion transporters and human organic cation transporters with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Nov;303(2):534-9.
• [126] Expression of drug transporters and drug metabolizing enzymes in the bladder urothelium in man and affinity of the bladder spasmolytic trospium chloride to transporters likely involved in its pharmacokinetics. Mol Pharm. 2015 Jan 5;12(1):171-8.
• [127] Expression and pharmacological profile of the human organic cation transporters hOCT1, hOCT2 and hOCT3. Br J Pharmacol. 2002 Jul;136(6):829-36.
• [128] Gene Expression Regulation and Pathway Analysis After Valproic Acid and Carbamazepine Exposure in a Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Based Neurodevelopmental Toxicity Assay. Toxicol Sci. 2015 Aug;146(2):311-20. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv094. Epub 2015 May 15.
• [129] Differential substrate and inhibitory activities of ranitidine and famotidine toward human organic cation transporter 1 (hOCT1; SLC22A1), hOCT2 (SLC22A2), and hOCT3 (SLC22A3). J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2005 Dec;315(3):1288-97.
• [130] Transcriptomic analysis of untreated and drug-treated differentiated HepaRG cells over a 2-week period. Toxicol In Vitro. 2015 Dec 25;30(1 Pt A):27-35.
• [131] Transcriptional and Metabolic Dissection of ATRA-Induced Granulocytic Differentiation in NB4 Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Cells. Cells. 2020 Nov 5;9(11):2423. doi: 10.3390/cells9112423.
• [132] The pregnane X receptor down-regulates organic cation transporter 1 (SLC22A1) in human hepatocytes by competing for ("squelching") SRC-1 coactivator. Br J Pharmacol. 2016 May;173(10):1703-15. doi: 10.1111/bph.13472. Epub 2016 Apr 8.
• [133] Comparison of HepG2 and HepaRG by whole-genome gene expression analysis for the purpose of chemical hazard identification. Toxicol Sci. 2010 May;115(1):66-79.
• [134] Characteristics of P388/VMDRC.04, a simple, sensitive model for studying P-glycoprotein antagonists. Cancer Res. 1994 Feb 1;54(3):730-7.
• [135] Michaelis-Menten kinetic analysis of drugs of abuse to estimate their affinity to human P-glycoprotein. Toxicol Lett. 2013 Feb 27;217(2):137-42. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.12.012. Epub 2012 Dec 27.
• [136] Editor's Highlight: PlacentalDisposition and Effects of Crizotinib: An Ex Vivo Study in the Isolated Dual-Side Perfused Human Cotyledon. Toxicol Sci. 2017 Jun 1;157(2):500-509. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfx063.
• [137] Functional evaluation of polymorphisms in the human ABCB1 gene and the impact on clinical responses of antiepileptic drugs. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2008 May;18(5):390-402. doi: 10.1097/FPC.0b013e3282f85e36.
• [138] Cepharanthine potently enhances the sensitivity of anticancer agents in K562 cells. Cancer Sci. 2005 Jun;96(6):372-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2005.00057.x.
• [139] Clinical pharmacokinetic monitoring of itraconazole is warranted in only a subset of patients. Ther Drug Monit. 2005 Jun;27(3):322-33. doi: 10.1097/01.ftd.0000150135.22645.ea.
• [140] Evaluation of antipsychotic drugs as inhibitors of multidrug resistance transporter P-glycoprotein. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2006 Sep;187(4):415-23. doi: 10.1007/s00213-006-0437-9. Epub 2006 Jun 30.
• [141] Actions of the selective protein kinase C inhibitor PKC412 on B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells in vitro. Haematologica. 2002 Feb;87(2):167-76.
• [142] Characterization of the ATPase activity of the Mr 170,000 to 180,000 membrane glycoprotein (P-glycoprotein) associated with multidrug resistance in K562/ADM cells. Cancer Res. 1988 Sep 1;48(17):4926-32.
• [143] Integrating multiple omics to unravel mechanisms of Cyclosporin A induced hepatotoxicity in vitro. Toxicol In Vitro. 2015 Apr;29(3):489-501.
• [144] Prenatal arsenic exposure and the epigenome: identifying sites of 5-methylcytosine alterations that predict functional changes in gene expression in newborn cord blood and subsequent birth outcomes. Toxicol Sci. 2015 Jan;143(1):97-106. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfu210. Epub 2014 Oct 10.
• [145] Predictive toxicology using systemic biology and liver microfluidic "on chip" approaches: application to acetaminophen injury. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2012 Mar 15;259(3):270-80.
• [146] Air pollution and DNA methylation alterations in lung cancer: A systematic and comparative study. Oncotarget. 2017 Jan 3;8(1):1369-1391. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.13622.
• [147] Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveal cellular responses from caffeine, coumarin and quercetin in treated HepG2 cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2022 Aug 15;449:116110. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116110. Epub 2022 Jun 7.
• [148] Transcriptional profiling of lactic acid treated reconstructed human epidermis reveals pathways underlying stinging and itch. Toxicol In Vitro. 2019 Jun;57:164-173.
• [149] Identification and characterization of 3-iodothyronamine intracellular transport. Endocrinology. 2009 Apr;150(4):1991-9.
• [150] Human organic anion-transporting polypeptide OATP-A (SLC21A3) acts in concert with P-glycoprotein and multidrug resistance protein 2 in the vectorial transport of Saquinavir in Hep G2 cells. Mol Pharm. 2004 Jan 12;1(1):49-56.
• [151] Transcellular movement of hydroxyurea is mediated by specific solute carrier transporters. Exp Hematol. 2011 Apr;39(4):446-56.
• [152] Use of mRNA expression to detect the induction of drug metabolising enzymes in rat and human hepatocytes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2009 Feb 15;235(1):86-96.
• [153] Large-scale in silico and microarray-based identification of direct 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 target genes. Mol Endocrinol. 2005 Nov;19(11):2685-95.
• [154] Transcriptional profiling of testosterone-regulated genes in the skeletal muscle of human immunodeficiency virus-infected men experiencing weight loss. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Jul;92(7):2793-802. doi: 10.1210/jc.2006-2722. Epub 2007 Apr 17.
• [155] From transient transcriptome responses to disturbed neurodevelopment: role of histone acetylation and methylation as epigenetic switch between reversible and irreversible drug effects. Arch Toxicol. 2014 Jul;88(7):1451-68.
• [156] The SLCO1A2 gene, encoding human organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1A2, is transactivated by the vitamin D receptor. Mol Pharmacol. 2012 Jul;82(1):37-46. doi: 10.1124/mol.112.077909. Epub 2012 Apr 3.
• [157] UDCA and CDCA alleviate 17-ethinylestradiol-induced cholestasis through PKA-AMPK pathways in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2016 Nov 15;311:12-25. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.10.011. Epub 2016 Oct 12.
• [158] Definition of transcriptome-based indices for quantitative characterization of chemically disturbed stem cell development: introduction of the STOP-Toxukn and STOP-Toxukk tests. Arch Toxicol. 2017 Feb;91(2):839-864.