Details of the Drug

General Information of Drug (ID: DMFC71L)

• Drug Name: Clozapine
• Synonyms: Asaleptin; CLOZARIL; Clorazil; Clozapin; Clozapina; Clozapinum; Fazaclo; Iprox; Leponex; Lepotex; Fazaclo ODT; C 6305; HF1854; Clopine (TN); Clozapina [INN-Spanish]; Clozapine(tautomer); Clozapinum [INN-Latin]; Clozaril (TN); Denzapine (TN); Fazaclo (TN); Froidir (TN); HF-1854; KS-1166; Klozapol (TN); LEX-123; LX 100-129; Leponex (TN); W-801; Zaponex (TN); Clozapine [USAN:INN:BAN]; Clozapine (JAN/USP/INN); 3-chloro-6-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-5H-benzo[b][1,4]benzodiazepine; 8-Chloro-11-(4-methyl)-1-piperazinyl)-5H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepine; 8-Chloro-11-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-5H-dibenzo (b,e)(1,4)diazepine; 8-Chloro-11-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-5H-dibenzo(b,e)(1,4)diazepine; 8-Chloro-11-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-5H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]-diazepine; 8-Chloro-11-(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-5H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepine; 8-chloro-11-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-5H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepine

Indication

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Schizophrenia	6A20	Approved	[1]
Treatment-refractory schizophrenia	N.A.	Investigative	[2]

• Therapeutic Class: Antipsychotic Agents
• Affected Organisms: Humans and other mammals
• ATC Code:
  N05AH02: Clozapine
  N05AH: Diazepines, oxazepines, thiazepines and oxepines
  N05A: ANTIPSYCHOTICS
  N05: PSYCHOLEPTICS
  N: NERVOUS SYSTEM
  N05AH02: Clozapine
  N05AH: Diazepines, oxazepines, thiazepines and oxepines
  N05A: ANTIPSYCHOTICS
  N05: PSYCHOLEPTICS
  N: NERVOUS SYSTEM
• Drug Type: Small molecular drug
• #Ro5 Violations (Lipinski): 0:
  Molecular Weight (mw); 326.8
  Logarithm of the Partition Coefficient (xlogp); 3.1
  Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds); 1
  Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor); 1
  Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc); 3
• ADMET Property:
  Absorption: The drug is rapidly and completely absorbed []
  BDDCS Class: Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification System (BDDCS) Class 2: low solubility and high permeability [3]
  Bioavailability: 55% of drug becomes completely available to its intended biological destination(s) [4]
  Clearance: The drug present in the plasma can be removed from the body at the rate of 2.5 mL/min/kg [5]
  Elimination: 0.5% of drug is excreted from urine in the unchanged form [3]
  Half-life: The concentration or amount of drug in body reduced by one-half in 8 (range 4 - 12) hours [5]
  Metabolism: The drug is metabolized via the hepatic []
  MRTD: The Maximum Recommended Therapeutic Dose (MRTD) of drug that ensured maximising efficacy and moderate side effect is 45.89515 micromolar/kg/day [6]
  Unbound Fraction: The unbound fraction of drug in plasma is 0.055% [5]
  Vd: Fluid volume that would be required to contain the amount of drug present in the body at the same concentration as in the plasma 1.6 L/kg [5]
  Water Solubility: The ability of drug to dissolve in water is measured as 0.0118 mg/mL [3]
• Chemical Identifiers:
  Formula: C18H19ClN4
  IUPAC Name: 3-chloro-6-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-11H-benzo[b][1,4]benzodiazepine
  Canonical SMILES: CN1CCN(CC1)C2=NC3=C(C=CC(=C3)Cl)NC4=CC=CC=C42
  InChI: InChI=1S/C18H19ClN4/c1-22-8-10-23(11-9-22)18-14-4-2-3-5-15(14)20-16-7-6-13(19)12-17(16)21-18/h2-7,12,20H,8-11H2,1H3
  InChIKey: QZUDBNBUXVUHMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
• Cross-matching ID:
  PubChem CID: 135398737
  ChEBI ID: CHEBI:3766
  CAS Number: 5786-21-0
  UNII: J60AR2IKIC
  DrugBank ID: DB00363
  TTD ID: D0Z1RV
  VARIDT ID: DR00474
  INTEDE ID: DR0363
  ACDINA ID: D00145
• Repurposed Drugs (RPD): Click to Jump to the Detailed RPD Information of This Drug

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Dopamine D4 receptor (D4R)	TTE0A2F	DRD4_HUMAN	Modulator	[7]

Drug Transporter (DTP)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)	DTUGYRD	MDR1_HUMAN	Substrate	[8]

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	DE4LYSA	CP3A4_HUMAN	Substrate	[9]
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)	DECB0K3	CP2D6_HUMAN	Substrate	[10]
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9)	DE5IED8	CP2C9_HUMAN	Substrate	[11]
Mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase (CYP2C19)	DEGTFWK	CP2CJ_HUMAN	Substrate	[9]
Cytochrome P450 2A6 (CYP2A6)	DEJVYAZ	CP2A6_HUMAN	Substrate	[12]
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2)	DEJGDUW	CP1A2_HUMAN	Substrate	[13]
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8)	DES5XRU	CP2C8_HUMAN	Substrate	[11]

Drug Off-Target (DOT)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Interaction	REF
14-3-3 protein theta	OTWG7F3H	1433T_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[14]
2',3'-cyclic-nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNP)	OTB8HCED	CN37_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[14]
26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 14 (PSMD14)	OTJWHMZ5	PSDE_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[14]
26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 7 (PSMD7)	OT7PZZ4K	PSMD7_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[14]
26S proteasome regulatory subunit 6A (PSMC3)	OTSKT0JI	PRS6A_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[14]
26S proteasome regulatory subunit 8 (PSMC5)	OTJOORMR	PRS8_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[14]
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR)	OTRT3F3U	HMDH_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[15]
3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase type-2 (HSD17B10)	OT7RJON4	HCD2_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[14]
3-hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-dioxygenase (HAAO)	OTK9Y6SG	3HAO_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[16]
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A (HTR2A)	OTWXJX0M	5HT2A_HUMAN	Drug Response	[17]

Molecular Expression Atlas of This Drug

• The Studied Disease: Schizophrenia
• ICD Disease Classification: 6A20

Molecule Name	Molecule Type	Gene Name	p-value	Fold-Change	Z-score
Dopamine D4 receptor (D4R)	DTT	DRD4	1.90E-01	0.19	0.76
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)	DTP	P-GP	6.54E-01	1.95E-01	4.04E-01
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8)	DME	CYP2C8	5.57E-01	-7.89E-02	-7.93E-01
Cytochrome P450 2A6 (CYP2A6)	DME	CYP2A6	8.99E-01	4.59E-03	2.19E-02
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2)	DME	CYP1A2	8.46E-01	-6.63E-03	-4.49E-02
Mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase (CYP2C19)	DME	CYP2C19	9.62E-01	2.57E-02	1.10E-01
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)	DME	CYP2D6	8.70E-01	2.98E-02	1.22E-01
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9)	DME	CYP2C9	2.35E-01	2.78E-02	2.09E-01
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	DME	CYP3A4	1.76E-01	1.26E-01	8.27E-01

Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI) Information of This Drug

Coadministration of a Drug Treating the Same Disease as Clozapine

DDI Drug Name	DDI Drug ID	Severity	Mechanism	Disease	REF
Mesoridazine	DM2ZGAN	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Mesoridazine.	Schizophrenia [6A20]	[18]
Thioridazine	DM35M8J	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Thioridazine.	Schizophrenia [6A20]	[18]
Haloperidol	DM96SE0	Major	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Haloperidol.	Schizophrenia [6A20]	[19]
Risperidone	DMN6DXL	Major	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Risperidone.	Schizophrenia [6A20]	[19]
Amisulpride	DMSJVAM	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Amisulpride.	Schizophrenia [6A20]	[20]
Pimozide	DMW83TP	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Pimozide.	Schizophrenia [6A20]	[21]

Coadministration of a Drug Treating the Disease Different from Clozapine (Comorbidity)

DDI Drug Name	DDI Drug ID	Severity	Mechanism	Comorbidity	REF
Bethanechol	DMCLHO0	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Clozapine when combined with Bethanechol.	Abnormal micturition [MF50]	[22]
Midostaurin	DMI6E0R	Major	Additive myelosuppressive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Midostaurin.	Acute myeloid leukaemia [2A60]	[23]
Idarubicin	DMM0XGL	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Idarubicin.	Acute myeloid leukaemia [2A60]	[23]
Daunorubicin	DMQUSBT	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Daunorubicin.	Acute myeloid leukaemia [2A60]	[23]
Arn-509	DMT81LZ	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Arn-509.	Acute myeloid leukaemia [2A60]	[18]
Gilteritinib	DMTI0ZO	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Gilteritinib.	Acute myeloid leukaemia [2A60]	[23]
Oliceridine	DM6MDCF	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Clozapine and Oliceridine.	Acute pain [MG31]	[24]
Scopolamine	DMOM8AL	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Scopolamine.	Addictive disorder [6C50-6C5Z]	[19]
Mepyramine	DMB4SFH	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Mepyramine.	Allergic/hypersensitivity disorder [4A80-4A8Z]	[25]
Phenyltoloxamine	DMKAEQW	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Phenyltoloxamine.	Allergic/hypersensitivity disorder [4A80-4A8Z]	[25]
Tripelennamine	DMZBU15	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Tripelennamine.	Allergic/hypersensitivity disorder [4A80-4A8Z]	[19]
Tacrine	DM51FY6	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Clozapine when combined with Tacrine.	Alzheimer disease [8A20]	[26]
Memantine	DMD9WSC	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Memantine.	Alzheimer disease [8A20]	[19]
Galantamine	DMEO794	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Clozapine when combined with Galantamine.	Alzheimer disease [8A20]	[26]
Rivastigmine	DMG629M	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Clozapine when combined with Rivastigmine.	Alzheimer disease [8A20]	[26]
Donepezil	DMIYG7Z	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Clozapine when combined with Donepezil.	Alzheimer disease [8A20]	[26]
Metronidazole	DMTIVEN	Minor	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Metronidazole.	Amoebiasis [1A36]	[27]
Isosorbide dinitrate	DMBI4JG	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Isosorbide dinitrate.	Anal fissure/fistula [DB50]	[28]
Trimethaphan	DMHF4IQ	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Trimethaphan.	Aneurysm/dissection [BD50]	[23]
Bepridil	DM0RKS4	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Bepridil.	Angina pectoris [BA40]	[18]
Dronedarone	DMA8FS5	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Dronedarone.	Angina pectoris [BA40]	[18]
Amyl nitrite	DMJKO05	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Amyl nitrite.	Angina pectoris [BA40]	[28]
Nifedipine	DMSVOZT	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Nifedipine.	Angina pectoris [BA40]	[28]
Bedaquiline	DM3906J	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Bedaquiline.	Antimicrobial drug resistance [MG50-MG52]	[18]
Hydroxyzine	DMF8Y74	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Hydroxyzine.	Anxiety disorder [6B00-6B0Z]	[18]
Cilostazol	DMZMSCT	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Cilostazol.	Arterial occlusive disease [BD40]	[18]
Posaconazole	DMUL5EW	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Posaconazole.	Aspergillosis [1F20]	[18]
Levalbuterol	DM5YBO1	Moderate	Increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias by the combination of Clozapine and Levalbuterol.	Asthma [CA23]	[29]
Terbutaline	DMD4381	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Terbutaline.	Asthma [CA23]	[30]
Pirbuterol	DMI5678	Moderate	Increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias by the combination of Clozapine and Pirbuterol.	Asthma [CA23]	[30]
Salbutamol	DMN9CWF	Moderate	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Salbutamol.	Asthma [CA23]	[31]
Formoterol	DMSOURV	Moderate	Increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias by the combination of Clozapine and Formoterol.	Asthma [CA23]	[30]
Lisdexamfetamine	DM6W8V5	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Lisdexamfetamine.	Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [6A05]	[18]
Obeticholic acid	DM3Q1SM	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Clozapine caused by Obeticholic acid mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Autoimmune liver disease [DB96]	[32]
Ofloxacin	DM0VQN3	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Ofloxacin.	Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z]	[18]
Ciprofloxacin XR	DM2NLS9	Major	Decreased metabolism of Clozapine caused by Ciprofloxacin XR mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z]	[33]
Sparfloxacin	DMB4HCT	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Sparfloxacin.	Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z]	[34]
Gemifloxacin	DMHT34O	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Gemifloxacin.	Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z]	[18]
Norfloxacin	DMIZ6W2	Major	Decreased metabolism of Clozapine caused by Norfloxacin mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z]	[33]
Levofloxacin	DMS60RB	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Levofloxacin.	Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z]	[18]
Lomefloxacin	DMVRH9C	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Lomefloxacin.	Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z]	[18]
Telithromycin	DMZ4P3A	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Telithromycin.	Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z]	[18]
Retigabine	DMGNYIH	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Retigabine.	Behcet disease [4A62]	[18]
Loperamide	DMOJZQ9	Moderate	Additive antimotility effects by the combination of Clozapine and Loperamide.	Bowel habit change [ME05]	[35]
Eribulin	DM1DX4Q	Major	Additive myelosuppressive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Eribulin.	Breast cancer [2C60-2C6Y]	[23]
Lapatinib	DM3BH1Y	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Lapatinib.	Breast cancer [2C60-2C6Y]	[23]
Tamoxifen	DMLB0EZ	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Tamoxifen.	Breast cancer [2C60-2C6Y]	[18]
Toremifene	DMQYUWG	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Toremifene.	Breast cancer [2C60-2C6Y]	[18]
Sotalol	DML60TN	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Sotalol.	Cardiac arrhythmia [BC9Z]	[18]
Acetylcholine	DMDF79Z	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Clozapine when combined with Acetylcholine.	Cataract [9B10]	[36]
PF-04449913	DMSB068	Major	Additive myelosuppressive effects by the combination of Clozapine and PF-04449913.	Chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia [2A40]	[23]
Umeclidinium	DM4E8O9	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Umeclidinium.	Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [CA22]	[37]
Olodaterol	DM62B78	Moderate	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Olodaterol.	Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [CA22]	[30]
Vilanterol	DMF5EK1	Moderate	Increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias by the combination of Clozapine and Vilanterol.	Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [CA22]	[29]
Tiotropium	DMFDC0Q	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Tiotropium.	Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [CA22]	[37]
Salmeterol	DMIEU69	Moderate	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Salmeterol.	Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [CA22]	[30]
Revefenacin	DMMP5SI	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Revefenacin.	Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [CA22]	[37]
Indacaterol	DMQJHR7	Moderate	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Indacaterol.	Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [CA22]	[30]
Arformoterol	DMYM974	Moderate	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Arformoterol.	Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [CA22]	[30]
Dihydrocodeine	DMB0FWL	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Clozapine and Dihydrocodeine.	Chronic pain [MG30]	[38]
Anisindione	DM2C48U	Moderate	Increased plasma concentration of Clozapine and Anisindione due to competitive binding of plasma proteins.	Coagulation defect [3B10]	[23]
Oxaliplatin	DMQNWRD	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Oxaliplatin.	Colorectal cancer [2B91]	[23]
Isoproterenol	DMK7MEY	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Isoproterenol.	Conduction disorder [BC63]	[30]
Olopatadine	DMKMWQG	Moderate	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Clozapine and Olopatadine.	Conjunctiva disorder [9A60]	[39]
Halothane	DM80OZ5	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Halothane.	Corneal disease [9A76-9A78]	[18]
Propofol	DMB4OLE	Moderate	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Propofol.	Corneal disease [9A76-9A78]	[40]
Sevoflurane	DMC9O43	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Sevoflurane.	Corneal disease [9A76-9A78]	[18]
Alfentanil	DMVO0UB	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Clozapine and Alfentanil.	Corneal disease [9A76-9A78]	[24]
Remifentanil	DMZTXCH	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Clozapine and Remifentanil.	Corneal disease [9A76-9A78]	[24]
Arbutamine	DMCY8AF	Moderate	Increased risk of rapid heart rate by the combination of Clozapine and Arbutamine.	Coronary atherosclerosis [BA80]	[41]
Probucol	DMVZQ2M	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Probucol.	Coronary atherosclerosis [BA80]	[18]
Clofazimine	DMEBOFW	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Clofazimine.	Crohn disease [DD70]	[18]
Mifepristone	DMGZQEF	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Mifepristone.	Cushing syndrome [5A70]	[18]
Pasireotide	DMHM7JS	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Pasireotide.	Cushing syndrome [5A70]	[18]
Osilodrostat	DMIJC9X	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Osilodrostat.	Cushing syndrome [5A70]	[18]
Ethanol	DMDRQZU	Moderate	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Clozapine and Ethanol.	Cystitis [GC00]	[39]
Cyclandelate	DMO0R76	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Cyclandelate.	Dementia [6D80-6D8Z]	[28]
Sertraline	DM0FB1J	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Sertraline.	Depression [6A70-6A7Z]	[18]
Cyclobenzaprine	DM1YBRM	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Cyclobenzaprine.	Depression [6A70-6A7Z]	[19]
Paroxetine	DM5PVQE	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Clozapine caused by Paroxetine mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Depression [6A70-6A7Z]	[42]
Duloxetine	DM9BI7M	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Clozapine caused by Duloxetine mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Depression [6A70-6A7Z]	[43]
Escitalopram	DMFK9HG	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Escitalopram.	Depression [6A70-6A7Z]	[18]
Doxepin	DMPI98T	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Doxepin.	Depression [6A70-6A7Z]	[25]
Esketamine	DMVU687	Moderate	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Clozapine and Esketamine.	Depression [6A70-6A7Z]	[27]
Nitroglycerin	DMQ2491	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Nitroglycerin.	Diabetic foot ulcer [BD54]	[28]
Hyoscyamine	DM804UR	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Hyoscyamine.	Digestive system disease [DE2Z]	[19]
Mepenzolate	DM8YU2F	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Mepenzolate.	Digestive system disease [DE2Z]	[19]
Oxybutynine	DMJPBAX	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Oxybutynine.	Discovery agent [N.A.]	[19]
Tetrabenazine	DMYWQ0O	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Tetrabenazine.	Dissociative neurological symptom disorder [6B60]	[44]
Meclizine	DMS7T13	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Meclizine.	Dizziness and giddiness [MB48]	[19]
Trihexyphenidyl	DMB19L8	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Clozapine when combined with Trihexyphenidyl.	Dystonic disorder [8A02]	[45]
Deutetrabenazine	DMUPFLI	Major	Additive antidopaminergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Deutetrabenazine.	Dystonic disorder [8A02]	[46]
Ingrezza	DMVPLNC	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Ingrezza.	Dystonic disorder [8A02]	[18]
Zonisamide	DM0DTF7	Major	Increased risk of hyperpyrexia by the combination of Clozapine and Zonisamide.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[47]
Oxcarbazepine	DM5PU6O	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Clozapine caused by Oxcarbazepine mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[27]
Cenobamate	DM8KLU9	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Clozapine caused by Cenobamate mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[48]
Diphenhydramine	DMKQTBA	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Clozapine when combined with Diphenhydramine.	Episodic vestibular syndrome [AB31]	[45]
Timolol	DM3NXRU	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Timolol.	Essential hypertension [BA00]	[28]
Guanabenz	DM5QWEL	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Guanabenz.	Essential hypertension [BA00]	[28]
Ethacrynic acid	DM60QMR	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Ethacrynic acid.	Essential hypertension [BA00]	[23]
Bendroflumethiazide	DM7EVLC	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Bendroflumethiazide.	Essential hypertension [BA00]	[28]
Phenoxybenzamine	DM8KSQH	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Phenoxybenzamine.	Essential hypertension [BA00]	[28]
Guanethidine	DM9NSWT	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Guanethidine.	Essential hypertension [BA00]	[28]
Nicardipine	DMCDYW7	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Nicardipine.	Essential hypertension [BA00]	[28]
Mecamylamine	DMGQFYB	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Mecamylamine.	Essential hypertension [BA00]	[28]
Benzthiazide	DMQWZ0H	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Benzthiazide.	Essential hypertension [BA00]	[28]
Nadolol	DMW6GVL	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Nadolol.	Essential hypertension [BA00]	[28]
Solifenacin	DMG592Q	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Solifenacin.	Functional bladder disorder [GC50]	[18]
Mirabegron	DMS1GYT	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Clozapine caused by Mirabegron mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Functional bladder disorder [GC50]	[49]
Tolterodine	DMSHPW8	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Tolterodine.	Functional bladder disorder [GC50]	[19]
Darifenacin	DMWXLYZ	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Clozapine caused by Darifenacin mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Functional bladder disorder [GC50]	[50]
Pentamidine	DMHZJCG	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Pentamidine.	Fungal infection [1F29-1F2F]	[23]
Terbinafine	DMI6HUW	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Clozapine caused by Terbinafine mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Fungal infection [1F29-1F2F]	[51]
Ketoconazole	DMPZI3Q	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Ketoconazole.	Fungal infection [1F29-1F2F]	[18]
Phentolamine	DMXYJOB	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Phentolamine.	Gangrene [MC85]	[28]
Propantheline	DM2EN6G	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Propantheline.	Gastric ulcer [DA60]	[19]
Cimetidine	DMH61ZB	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Clozapine caused by Cimetidine mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease [DA22]	[23]
Cisapride	DMY7PED	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Cisapride.	Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease [DA22]	[18]
Sunitinib	DMCBJSR	Major	Additive myelosuppressive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Sunitinib.	Gastrointestinal stromal tumour [2B5B]	[23]
Isoflurophate	DMBSK7X	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Clozapine when combined with Isoflurophate.	Glaucoma [9C61]	[36]
Carteolol	DMFMDOB	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Carteolol.	Glaucoma [9C61]	[28]
Brimonidine	DMQLT4N	Moderate	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Clozapine and Brimonidine.	Glaucoma [9C61]	[52]
Pilocarpine	DMV9ADG	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Clozapine when combined with Pilocarpine.	Glaucoma [9C61]	[22]
Spironolactone	DM2AQ5N	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Spironolactone.	Heart failure [BD10-BD1Z]	[28]
Triamterene	DM2HU9I	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Triamterene.	Heart failure [BD10-BD1Z]	[28]
Prazosin	DMCD9YG	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Prazosin.	Heart failure [BD10-BD1Z]	[28]
Eplerenone	DMF0NQR	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Eplerenone.	Heart failure [BD10-BD1Z]	[28]
Carvedilol	DMHTEAO	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Carvedilol.	Heart failure [BD10-BD1Z]	[28]
Chlorothiazide	DMLHESP	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Chlorothiazide.	Heart failure [BD10-BD1Z]	[28]
Furosemide	DMMQ8ZG	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Furosemide.	Heart failure [BD10-BD1Z]	[28]
Amiloride	DMRTSGP	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Amiloride.	Heart failure [BD10-BD1Z]	[28]
Bumetanide	DMRV7H0	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Bumetanide.	Heart failure [BD10-BD1Z]	[28]
Hydroflumethiazide	DMVPUQI	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Hydroflumethiazide.	Heart failure [BD10-BD1Z]	[28]
Digitoxin	DMWVIGP	Moderate	Increased plasma concentration of Clozapine and Digitoxin due to competitive binding of plasma proteins.	Heart failure [BD10-BD1Z]	[23]
Rifampin	DMA8J1G	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Clozapine caused by Rifampin mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	HIV-infected patients with tuberculosis [1B10-1B14]	[53]
Cobicistat	DM6L4H2	Moderate	Decreased clearance of Clozapine due to the transporter inhibition by Cobicistat.	Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62]	[54]
Efavirenz	DMC0GSJ	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Efavirenz.	Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62]	[55]
Saquinavir	DMG814N	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Saquinavir.	Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62]	[56]
Etravirine	DMGV8QU	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Clozapine caused by Etravirine mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62]	[57]
Lopinavir	DMITQS0	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Lopinavir.	Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62]	[18]
Rilpivirine	DMJ0QOW	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Rilpivirine.	Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62]	[18]
Fenofibrate	DMFKXDY	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Clozapine caused by Fenofibrate mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Hyper-lipoproteinaemia [5C80]	[27]
Cinacalcet	DMCX0K3	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Clozapine caused by Cinacalcet mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Hyper-parathyroidism [5A51]	[27]
Eprosartan	DM07K2I	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Eprosartan.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[28]
Acebutolol	DM0TI4U	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Acebutolol.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[28]
Moexipril	DM26E4B	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Moexipril.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[28]
Bisoprolol	DM3UZ95	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Bisoprolol.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[28]
Captopril	DM458UM	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Captopril.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[28]
Penbutolol	DM4ES8F	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Penbutolol.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[28]
Trandolapril	DM4L6EU	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Trandolapril.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[28]
Methyldopa	DM5I621	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Methyldopa.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[28]
Clonidine	DM6RZ9Q	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Clonidine.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[28]
Losartan	DM72JXH	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Losartan.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[28]
Nebivolol	DM7F1PA	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Nebivolol.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[28]
Nisoldipine	DM7ISKJ	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Nisoldipine.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[28]
Levamlodipine	DM92S6N	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Levamlodipine.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[28]
Fosinopril	DM9NJ52	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Fosinopril.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[28]
Doxazosin	DM9PLRH	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Doxazosin.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[28]
Verapamil	DMA7PEW	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Verapamil.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[28]
Amlodipine	DMBDAZV	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Amlodipine.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[28]
TAK-491	DMCF6SX	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and TAK-491.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[28]
Pindolol	DMD2NV7	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Pindolol.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[28]
Fenoldopam	DMFAOKP	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Fenoldopam.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[28]
Indapamide	DMGN1PW	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Indapamide.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[28]
Benazepril	DMH1M9B	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Benazepril.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[28]
Trichlormethiazide	DMHAQCO	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Trichlormethiazide.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[28]
Labetalol	DMK8U72	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Labetalol.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[28]
Diazoxide	DML1538	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Diazoxide.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[28]
Perindopril	DMOPZDT	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Perindopril.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[28]
Felodipine	DMOSW35	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Felodipine.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[28]
Deserpidine	DMRH7CV	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Deserpidine.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[28]
Telmisartan	DMS3GX2	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Telmisartan.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[28]
Hydralazine	DMU8JGH	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Hydralazine.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[28]
Lisinopril	DMUOK4C	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Lisinopril.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[28]
Clevidipine butyrate	DMW4M97	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Clevidipine butyrate.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[28]
Potassium chloride	DMMTAJC	Major	Increased risk of GI mucosal injury/bleeding risk by the combination of Clozapine and Potassium chloride.	Hypo-kalaemia [5C77]	[58]
Givosiran	DM5PFIJ	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Clozapine caused by Givosiran mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Inborn porphyrin/heme metabolism error [5C58]	[59]
Belladonna	DM2RBWK	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Belladonna.	Infectious gastroenteritis/colitis [1A40]	[19]
Amantadine	DMS3YE9	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Amantadine.	Influenza [1E30-1E32]	[60]
Berotralstat	DMWA2DZ	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Clozapine caused by Berotralstat mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Innate/adaptive immunodeficiency [4A00]	[61]
Polyethylene glycol	DM4I1JP	Major	Increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias by the combination of Clozapine and Polyethylene glycol.	Irritable bowel syndrome [DD91]	[62]
Phenolphthalein	DM5SICT	Moderate	Increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias by the combination of Clozapine and Phenolphthalein.	Irritable bowel syndrome [DD91]	[18]
Clidinium	DMUMQZ0	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Clidinium.	Irritable bowel syndrome [DD91]	[19]
Physostigmine	DM2N0TO	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Clozapine when combined with Physostigmine.	Lips/oral mucosa miscellaneous disorder [DA02]	[26]
Glycerol phenylbutyrate	DMDGRQO	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Clozapine caused by Glycerol phenylbutyrate mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Liver disease [DB90-DB9Z]	[21]
Crizotinib	DM4F29C	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Crizotinib.	Lung cancer [2C25]	[23]
Porfimer Sodium	DM7ZWNY	Moderate	Increased risk of photosensitivity reactions by the combination of Clozapine and Porfimer Sodium.	Lung cancer [2C25]	[63]
Ceritinib	DMB920Z	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Ceritinib.	Lung cancer [2C25]	[23]
Dacomitinib	DMOH8VY	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Clozapine caused by Dacomitinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Lung cancer [2C25]	[64]
Osimertinib	DMRJLAT	Major	Additive myelosuppressive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Osimertinib.	Lung cancer [2C25]	[23]
Capmatinib	DMYCXKL	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Clozapine caused by Capmatinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Lung cancer [2C25]	[65]
Selpercatinib	DMZR15V	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Selpercatinib.	Lung cancer [2C25]	[23]
Lumefantrine	DM29GAD	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Lumefantrine.	Malaria [1F40-1F45]	[27]
Halofantrine	DMOMK1V	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Halofantrine.	Malaria [1F40-1F45]	[66]
Chloroquine	DMSI5CB	Major	Additive myelosuppressive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Chloroquine.	Malaria [1F40-1F45]	[23]
Hydroxychloroquine	DMSIVND	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Hydroxychloroquine.	Malaria [1F40-1F45]	[23]
Quinine	DMSWYF5	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Quinine.	Malaria [1F40-1F45]	[18]
Inotuzumab ozogamicin	DMAC130	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Inotuzumab ozogamicin.	Malignant haematopoietic neoplasm [2B33]	[23]
Vemurafenib	DM62UG5	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Vemurafenib.	Melanoma [2C30]	[18]
Allopregnanolone	DMNLHAC	Moderate	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Clozapine and Allopregnanolone.	Mental/behavioural/neurodevelopmental disorder [6E20-6E8Z]	[67]
Propranolol	DM79NTF	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Propranolol.	Migraine [8A80]	[28]
Lasmiditan	DMXLVDT	Moderate	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Clozapine and Lasmiditan.	Migraine [8A80]	[68]
Flibanserin	DM70DTN	Moderate	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Clozapine and Flibanserin.	Mood disorder [6A60-6E23]	[69]
Doxylamine	DMKOXFE	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Doxylamine.	Morning sickness disorder [SC00]	[19]
Panobinostat	DM58WKG	Major	Additive myelosuppressive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Panobinostat.	Multiple myeloma [2A83]	[23]
Thalidomide	DM70BU5	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Thalidomide.	Multiple myeloma [2A83]	[23]
Siponimod	DM2R86O	Major	Increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias by the combination of Clozapine and Siponimod.	Multiple sclerosis [8A40]	[27]
Fingolimod	DM5JVAN	Major	Increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias by the combination of Clozapine and Fingolimod.	Multiple sclerosis [8A40]	[18]
Ozanimod	DMT6AM2	Major	Increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias by the combination of Clozapine and Ozanimod.	Multiple sclerosis [8A40]	[70]
Neostigmine	DM6T2J3	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Clozapine when combined with Neostigmine.	Myasthenia gravis [8C6Y]	[71]
Pyridostigmine	DM8HO1L	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Clozapine when combined with Pyridostigmine.	Myasthenia gravis [8C6Y]	[71]
Edrophonium	DMCRQHB	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Clozapine when combined with Edrophonium.	Myasthenia gravis [8C6Y]	[71]
Ambenonium	DMOP0BL	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Clozapine when combined with Ambenonium.	Myasthenia gravis [8C6Y]	[71]
Rifabutin	DM1YBHK	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Clozapine caused by Rifabutin mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Mycobacterium infection [1B10-1B21]	[72]
Romidepsin	DMT5GNL	Major	Additive myelosuppressive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Romidepsin.	Mycosis fungoides [2B01]	[23]
Nilotinib	DM7HXWT	Major	Additive myelosuppressive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Nilotinib.	Myeloproliferative neoplasm [2A20]	[23]
Dasatinib	DMJV2EK	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Dasatinib.	Myeloproliferative neoplasm [2A20]	[23]
Modafinil	DMYILBE	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Clozapine caused by Modafinil mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Narcolepsy [7A20]	[27]
Phenindamine	DMDTC7R	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Phenindamine.	Nasopharyngitis [CA00]	[19]
Promethazine	DM6I5GR	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Promethazine.	Nausea/vomiting [MD90]	[19]
Rolapitant	DM8XP26	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Clozapine caused by Rolapitant mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Nausea/vomiting [MD90]	[73]
Cyclizine	DM9G7BS	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Cyclizine.	Nausea/vomiting [MD90]	[19]
Palonosetron	DMBHMOX	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Palonosetron.	Nausea/vomiting [MD90]	[18]
Metoclopramide	DMFA5MY	Major	Additive antidopaminergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Metoclopramide.	Nausea/vomiting [MD90]	[74]
Granisetron	DMIUW25	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Granisetron.	Nausea/vomiting [MD90]	[18]
Dolasetron	DMMG26Z	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Dolasetron.	Nausea/vomiting [MD90]	[18]
Ondansetron	DMOTQ1I	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Ondansetron.	Nausea/vomiting [MD90]	[18]
Thiethylperazine	DMU3IET	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Thiethylperazine.	Nausea/vomiting [MD90]	[19]
Bupropion	DM5PCS7	Major	Increased risk of lowers seizure threshold by the combination of Clozapine and Bupropion.	Nicotine use disorder [6C4A]	[18]
Entrectinib	DMMPTLH	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Entrectinib.	Non-small cell lung cancer [2C25]	[23]
Lorcaserin	DMG6OYJ	Moderate	Increased risk of hyperprolactinemic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Lorcaserin.	Obesity [5B80-5B81]	[75]
Metolazone	DMB39LO	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Metolazone.	Oedema [MG29]	[28]
Polythiazide	DMCH80F	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Polythiazide.	Oedema [MG29]	[28]
Levomethadyl Acetate	DM06HG5	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Levomethadyl Acetate.	Opioid use disorder [6C43]	[21]
Lofexidine	DM1WXA6	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Lofexidine.	Opioid use disorder [6C43]	[18]
Apraclonidine	DMO4PVE	Moderate	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Clozapine and Apraclonidine.	Optic nerve disorder [9C40]	[52]
Rucaparib	DM9PVX8	Major	Additive myelosuppressive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Rucaparib.	Ovarian cancer [2C73]	[23]
Pentazocine	DM1XBHS	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Clozapine and Pentazocine.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[24]
Dextropropoxyphene	DM23HCX	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Clozapine and Dextropropoxyphene.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[76]
Butorphanol	DM5KYPJ	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Clozapine and Butorphanol.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[24]
Oxymorphone	DM65AGJ	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Clozapine and Oxymorphone.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[24]
Levorphanol	DMGS80V	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Clozapine and Levorphanol.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[24]
Dezocine	DMJDB0Y	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Clozapine and Dezocine.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[24]
Flavoxate	DMKV4NL	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Flavoxate.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[19]
Nalbuphine	DMOSQGU	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Clozapine and Nalbuphine.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[24]
Buprenorphine	DMPRI8G	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Buprenorphine.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[18]
Hydrocodone	DMQ2JO5	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Clozapine and Hydrocodone.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[24]
Meperidine	DMX4GND	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Clozapine and Meperidine.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[24]
Oxycodone	DMXLKHV	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Clozapine and Oxycodone.	Pain [MG30-MG3Z]	[24]
Triclabendazole	DMPWGBR	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Triclabendazole.	Parasitic worm infestation [1F90]	[18]
Pergolide	DM14MAE	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Clozapine when combined with Pergolide.	Parkinsonism [8A00]	[77]
Opicapone	DM1BKA6	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Clozapine when combined with Opicapone.	Parkinsonism [8A00]	[77]
Biperiden	DME78OA	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Clozapine when combined with Biperiden.	Parkinsonism [8A00]	[45]
Procyclidine	DMHFJDT	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Clozapine when combined with Procyclidine.	Parkinsonism [8A00]	[45]
Entacapone	DMLBVKQ	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Clozapine when combined with Entacapone.	Parkinsonism [8A00]	[77]
Levodopa	DMN3E57	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Clozapine when combined with Levodopa.	Parkinsonism [8A00]	[77]
Pimavanserin	DMR7IVC	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Pimavanserin.	Parkinsonism [8A00]	[18]
Bromocriptine	DMVE3TK	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Clozapine when combined with Bromocriptine.	Parkinsonism [8A00]	[77]
Apomorphine	DMX38HQ	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Clozapine when combined with Apomorphine.	Parkinsonism [8A00]	[78]
Abametapir	DM2RX0I	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Clozapine caused by Abametapir mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Pediculosis [1G00]	[79]
Lindane	DMB8CNL	Moderate	Increased risk of lowers seizure threshold by the combination of Clozapine and Lindane.	Pediculosis [1G00]	[80]
Methylscopolamine	DM5VWOB	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Methylscopolamine.	Peptic ulcer [DA61]	[19]
Esomeprazole	DM7BN0X	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Clozapine caused by Esomeprazole mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Peptic ulcer [DA61]	[81]
Famotidine	DMRL3AB	Moderate	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Famotidine.	Peptic ulcer [DA61]	[27]
Macimorelin	DMQYJIR	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Macimorelin.	Pituitary gland disorder [5A60-5A61]	[82]
Lefamulin	DME6G97	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Lefamulin.	Pneumonia [CA40]	[83]
Lonafarnib	DMGM2Z6	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Clozapine caused by Lonafarnib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Premature ageing appearance [LD2B]	[84]
Ritodrine	DM4V6RL	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Ritodrine.	Preterm labour/delivery [JB00]	[30]
Degarelix	DM3O8QY	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Degarelix.	Prostate cancer [2C82]	[18]
Enzalutamide	DMGL19D	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Enzalutamide.	Prostate cancer [2C82]	[18]
Flutamide	DMK0O7U	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Flutamide.	Prostate cancer [2C82]	[18]
Relugolix	DMK7IWL	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Relugolix.	Prostate cancer [2C82]	[18]
Bicalutamide	DMZMSPF	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Bicalutamide.	Prostate cancer [2C82]	[18]
Terazosin	DM3JCVS	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Terazosin.	Prostate hyperplasia [GA90]	[28]
Levomepromazine	DMIKFEL	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Levomepromazine.	Psychotic disorder [6A20-6A25]	[19]
Fluphenazine	DMIT8LX	Major	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Fluphenazine.	Psychotic disorder [6A20-6A25]	[19]
Tolazoline	DMI40NL	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Tolazoline.	Pulmonary hypertension [BB01]	[28]
Sorafenib	DMS8IFC	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Sorafenib.	Renal cell carcinoma [2C90]	[23]
Gatifloxacin	DMSL679	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Gatifloxacin.	Respiratory infection [CA07-CA4Z]	[85]
Neupro	DMHEAB1	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Clozapine when combined with Neupro.	Restless legs syndrome [7A80]	[77]
Celecoxib	DM6LOQU	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Clozapine caused by Celecoxib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Rheumatoid arthritis [FA20]	[86]
Cyproheptadine	DM92AH3	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Cyproheptadine.	Rheumatoid arthritis [FA20]	[19]
Fentanyl	DM8WAHT	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Clozapine and Fentanyl.	Sensation disturbance [MB40]	[24]
Sufentanil	DMU7YEL	Major	Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Clozapine and Sufentanil.	Sensation disturbance [MB40]	[24]
Vardenafil	DMTBGW8	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Vardenafil.	Sexual dysfunction [HA00-HA01]	[18]
Armodafinil	DMGB035	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Clozapine caused by Armodafinil mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Solid tumour/cancer [2A00-2F9Z]	[27]
LEE011	DMMX75K	Major	Additive myelosuppressive effects by the combination of Clozapine and LEE011.	Solid tumour/cancer [2A00-2F9Z]	[23]
Epirubicin	DMPDW6T	Major	Additive myelosuppressive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Epirubicin.	Solid tumour/cancer [2A00-2F9Z]	[23]
Vandetanib	DMRICNP	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Vandetanib.	Solid tumour/cancer [2A00-2F9Z]	[18]
Triptorelin	DMTK4LS	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Triptorelin.	Solid tumour/cancer [2A00-2F9Z]	[18]
Doxorubicin	DMVP5YE	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Doxorubicin.	Solid tumour/cancer [2A00-2F9Z]	[23]
Pitolisant	DM8RFNJ	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Pitolisant.	Somnolence [MG42]	[18]
Telavancin	DM58VQX	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Telavancin.	Staphylococcal/streptococcal disease [1B5Y]	[18]
Warfarin	DMJYCVW	Moderate	Increased plasma concentration of Clozapine and Warfarin due to competitive binding of plasma proteins.	Supraventricular tachyarrhythmia [BC81]	[23]
Adenosine	DMM2NSK	Major	Increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias by the combination of Clozapine and Adenosine.	Supraventricular tachyarrhythmia [BC81]	[87]
Lenvatinib	DMB1IU4	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Lenvatinib.	Thyroid cancer [2D10]	[23]
Papaverine	DMCA9QP	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Papaverine.	Tonus and reflex abnormality [MB47]	[88]
Tizanidine	DMR2IQ4	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Tizanidine.	Tonus and reflex abnormality [MB47]	[18]
Tacrolimus	DMZ7XNQ	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Tacrolimus.	Transplant rejection [NE84]	[18]
Atropine	DMEN6X7	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Atropine.	Unspecific substance harmful effect [NE6Z]	[19]
Nalidixic acid	DMRM0JV	Major	Decreased metabolism of Clozapine caused by Nalidixic acid mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Urinary tract infection [GC08]	[33]
Enoxacin	DMYTE6L	Major	Decreased metabolism of Clozapine caused by Enoxacin mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Urinary tract infection [GC08]	[33]
Astemizole	DM2HN6Q	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Astemizole.	Vasomotor/allergic rhinitis [CA08]	[18]
Chlorpheniramine	DM5URA2	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Chlorpheniramine.	Vasomotor/allergic rhinitis [CA08]	[19]
Triprolidine	DM7SWIA	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Triprolidine.	Vasomotor/allergic rhinitis [CA08]	[19]
Methdilazine	DMAUHQX	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Methdilazine.	Vasomotor/allergic rhinitis [CA08]	[19]
Carbinoxamine	DMCT31R	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Carbinoxamine.	Vasomotor/allergic rhinitis [CA08]	[19]
Trimeprazine	DMEMV9D	Major	Additive myelosuppressive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Trimeprazine.	Vasomotor/allergic rhinitis [CA08]	[23]
Brompheniramine	DMFOVSD	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Brompheniramine.	Vasomotor/allergic rhinitis [CA08]	[19]
Dexbrompheniramine	DMKVWGE	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Dexbrompheniramine.	Vasomotor/allergic rhinitis [CA08]	[19]
Acrivastine	DMTIGA0	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Acrivastine.	Vasomotor/allergic rhinitis [CA08]	[19]
Azatadine	DMZ80SB	Moderate	Additive anticholinergic effects by the combination of Clozapine and Azatadine.	Vasomotor/allergic rhinitis [CA08]	[19]
Procainamide	DMNMXR8	Major	Additive myelosuppressive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Procainamide.	Ventricular tachyarrhythmia [BC71]	[23]
Propafenone	DMPIBJK	Major	Additive myelosuppressive effects by the combination of Clozapine and Propafenone.	Ventricular tachyarrhythmia [BC71]	[23]
Flecainide	DMSQDLE	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Flecainide.	Ventricular tachyarrhythmia [BC71]	[18]
Amiodarone	DMUTEX3	Major	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Clozapine and Amiodarone.	Ventricular tachyarrhythmia [BC71]	[18]

Drug Inactive Ingredient(s) (DIG) and Formulation(s) of This Drug

DIG

DIG Name	DIG ID	PubChem CID	Functional Classification
Allura red AC dye	E00338	33258	Colorant
Aspartame	E00402	134601	Flavoring agent
FD&C blue no. 2	E00446	2723854	Colorant
Mannitol	E00103	6251	Diluent; Flavoring agent; Lyophilization aid; Plasticizing agent; Tonicity agent
Sodium lauryl sulfate	E00464	3423265	Emulsifying agent; Modified-release agent; Penetration agent; Solubilizing agent; Surfactant; lubricant
Sodium stearyl fumarate	E00545	23665634	lubricant
Sunset yellow FCF	E00255	17730	Colorant
Beta-D-lactose	E00099	6134	Diluent; Dry powder inhaler carrier; Lyophilization aid
Citric acid monohydrate	E00271	22230	Acidulant; Antioxidant; Buffering agent; Complexing agent; Flavoring agent
Ferric hydroxide oxide yellow	E00539	23320441	Colorant
Lactose monohydrate	E00393	104938	Binding agent; Diluent; Dry powder inhaler carrier; Lyophilization aid
Magnesium stearate	E00208	11177	lubricant
Povidone	E00667	Not Available	Binding agent; Coating agent; Disintegrant; Film/membrane-forming agent; Solubilizing agent; Suspending agent
Silicon dioxide	E00670	Not Available	Anticaking agent; Opacifying agent; Viscosity-controlling agent
Sodium bicarbonate	E00424	516892	Alkalizing agent; Diluent
Talc	E00520	16211421	Anticaking agent; Diluent; Glidant; lubricant
Vinylpyrrolidone	E00668	Not Available	Binding agent; Coating agent; Disintegrant; Film/membrane-forming agent; Solubilizing agent; Suspending agent
Xylitol	E00136	6912	Coating agent; Diluent; Emollient; Flavoring agent; Humectant

Pharmaceutical Formulation

Formulation Name	Drug Dosage	Dosage Form	Route
Clozapine 100 mg tablet	100 mg	Disintegrating Oral Tablet	Oral
Clozapine 25 mg tablet	25 mg	Disintegrating Oral Tablet	Oral
Clozapine 12.5 mg tablet	12.5 mg	Disintegrating Oral Tablet	Oral
Clozapine 150 mg tablet	150 mg	Disintegrating Oral Tablet	Oral
Clozapine 200 mg tablet	200 mg	Disintegrating Oral Tablet	Oral
Clozapine 100 mg tablet	100 mg	Oral Tablet	Oral
Clozapine 25 mg tablet	25 mg	Oral Tablet	Oral
Clozapine 200 mg tablet	200 mg	Oral Tablet	Oral
Clozapine 50 mg tablet	50 mg	Oral Tablet	Oral

Jump to Detail Pharmaceutical Formulation Page of This Drug

References

• [1] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 38).
• [2] Clozapine FDA Label
• [3] BDDCS applied to over 900 drugs
• [4] Critical Evaluation of Human Oral Bioavailability for Pharmaceutical Drugs by Using Various Cheminformatics Approaches
• [5] Trend Analysis of a Database of Intravenous Pharmacokinetic Parameters in Humans for 1352 Drug Compounds
• [6] Estimating the safe starting dose in phase I clinical trials and no observed effect level based on QSAR modeling of the human maximum recommended daily dose
• [7] Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
• [8] Identification of P-glycoprotein substrates and inhibitors among psychoactive compounds--implications for pharmacokinetics of selected substrates. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2004 Aug;56(8):967-75.
• [9] Drug metabolism and atypical antipsychotics. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 1999 Jun;9(4):301-9.
• [10] Effect of antipsychotic drugs on human liver cytochrome P-450 (CYP) isoforms in vitro: preferential inhibition of CYP2D6. Drug Metab Dispos. 1999 Sep;27(9):1078-84.
• [11] Elucidation of individual cytochrome P450 enzymes involved in the metabolism of clozapine. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1998 Nov;358(5):592-9.
• [12] Characterization of human cytochrome P450s involved in the bioactivation of clozapine. Drug Metab Dispos. 2013 Mar;41(3):651-8.
• [13] Metabolic drug interactions with newer antipsychotics: a comparative review. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2007 Jan;100(1):4-22.
• [14] Cannabidiol Displays Proteomic Similarities to Antipsychotics in Cuprizone-Exposed Human Oligodendrocytic Cell Line MO3.13. Front Mol Neurosci. 2021 May 28;14:673144. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.673144. eCollection 2021.
• [15] Antipsychotic drugs activate SREBP-regulated expression of lipid biosynthetic genes in cultured human glioma cells: a novel mechanism of action? Pharmacogenomics J. 2005;5(5):298-304.
• [16] Toxicoproteomics reveals an effect of clozapine on autophagy in human liver spheroids. Toxicol Mech Methods. 2023 Jun;33(5):401-410. doi: 10.1080/15376516.2022.2156005. Epub 2022 Dec 19.
• [17] Pharmacologic analysis of non-synonymous coding h5-HT2A SNPs reveals alterations in atypical antipsychotic and agonist efficacies. Pharmacogenomics J. 2006 Jan-Feb;6(1):42-51. doi: 10.1038/sj.tpj.6500342.
• [18] Canadian Pharmacists Association.
• [19] Cohen MA, Alfonso CA, Mosquera M. Development of urinary retention during treatment with clozapine and meclizine [published correction appears in Am J Psychiatry 1994 Jun;151(6):952]. Am J Psychiatry. 1994;151(4):619-620. [PMID: 8147469]
• [20] Product Information. Barhemsys (amisulpride). Acacia Pharma, Inc, Indianapolis, IN.
• [21] Cerner Multum, Inc. "UK Summary of Product Characteristics.".
• [22] Benjamin KW "Toxicity of ocular medications." Int Ophthalmol Clin 19 (1979): 199-255. [PMID: 376469]
• [23] Product Information. Clozaril (clozapine). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
• [24] Cerner Multum, Inc. "Canadian Product Information.".
• [25] Kulik AV, Wilbur R "Delirium and stereotypy from anticholinergic antiparkinson drugs." Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 6 (1982): 75-82. [PMID: 7202232]
• [26] Beers MH, Ouslander JG, Rollingher I, Reuben DB, Brooks J, Beck JC "Explicit criteria for determining inappropriate medication use in nursing home residents." Arch Intern Med 151 (1991): 1825-32. [PMID: 1888249]
• [27] Cerner Multum, Inc. "Australian Product Information.".
• [28] Aronowitz JS, Chakos MH, Safferman AZ, Lieberman JA "Syncope associated with the combination of clozapine and enalapril." J Clin Psychopharmacol 14 (1994): 429-30. [PMID: 7884028]
• [29] Product Information. Arcapta Neohaler (indacaterol). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
• [30] Bengtsson B, Fagerstrom PO "Extrapulmonary effects of terbutaline during prolonged administration." Clin Pharmacol Ther 31 (1982): 726-32. [PMID: 7042176]
• [31] Gelmont DM, Balmes JR, Yee A "Hypokalemia induced by inhaled bronchodilators." Chest 94 (1988): 763-6. [PMID: 3168573]
• [32] Product Information. Ocaliva (obeticholic acid). Intercept Pharmaceuticals, Inc., New York, NY.
• [33] Fuhr U, Anders EM, Mahr G, Sorgel F, Staid AH "Inhibitory potency of quinolone antibacterial agents against cytochrome P450IA2 activity in vivo and in vitro." Antimicrob Agents Chemother 36 (1992): 942-8. [PMID: 1510417]
• [34] Ball P "Quinolone-induced QT interval prolongation: a not-so-unexpected class effect." J Antimicrob Chemother 45 (2000): 557-9. [PMID: 10797074]
• [35] Eronen M, Putkonen H, Hallikainen T, Vartiainen H "Lethal gastroenteritis associated with clozapine and loperamide." Am J Psychiatry 160 (2003): 2242-2243. [PMID: 14638602]
• [36] Multum Information Services, Inc. Expert Review Panel.
• [37] Cole JM, Sheehan AH, Jordan JK "Concomitant use of ipratropium and tiotropium in chronic obstructive plmonary disease." Ann Pharmacother 46 (2012): 1717-21. [PMID: 23170031]
• [38] US Food and Drug Administration "FDA warns about serious risks and death when combining opioid pain or cough medicines with benzodiazepines requires its strongest warning.".
• [39] Warrington SJ, Ankier SI, Turner P "Evaluation of possible interactions between ethanol and trazodone or amitriptyline." Neuropsychobiology 15 (1986): 31-7. [PMID: 3725002]
• [40] Hanci V, Aydin M, Yurtlu BS, et.al "Anesthesia induction with sevoflurane and propofol: evaluation of P-wave dispersion, QT and corrected QT intervals." Kaohsiung J Med Sci 26 (2010): 470-7. [PMID: 20837343]
• [41] Product Information. GenESA (arbutamine). Gensia Inc, San Diego, CA.
• [42] Brosen K, Skjelbo E, Rasmussen BB, Poulsen HE, Loft S "Fluvoxamine is a potent inhibitor of cytochrome P4501A2." Biochem Pharmacol 45 (1993): 1211-4. [PMID: 8466541]
• [43] Product Information. Cymbalta (duloxetine). Lilly, Eli and Company, Indianapolis, IN.
• [44] Burke RE, Fahn S, Mayeux R, Weinberg H, Louis K, Willner JH "Neuroleptic malignant syndrome caused by dopamine-depleting drugs in a patient with Huntington disease." Neurology 31 (1981): 1022-5. [PMID: 6115336]
• [45] Hvizdos AJ, Bennett JA, Wells BG, Rappaport KB, Mendel SA "Anticholinergic psychosis in a patient receiving usual doses of haloperidol." Clin Pharm 2 (1983): 174-8. [PMID: 6883947]
• [46] Product Information. Austedo (deutetrabenazine). Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, North Wales, PA.
• [47] Product Information. Zonegran (zonisamide) Elan Pharmaceuticals, S. San Francisco, CA.
• [48] Product Information. Xcopri (cenobamate). SK Life Science, Inc., Paramus, NJ.
• [49] Product Information. Myrbetriq (mirabegron). Astellas Pharma US, Inc, Deerfield, IL.
• [50] Product Information. Enablex (darifenacin). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
• [51] AbdelRahman SM, Gotschall RR, Kauffman RE, Leeder JS, Kearns GL "Investigation of terbinafine as a CYP2D6 inhibitor in vivo." Clin Pharmacol Ther 65 (1999): 465-72. [PMID: 10340911]
• [52] Product Information. Alphagan (brimonidine ophthalmic). Allergan Inc, Irvine, CA.
• [53] Gilman AG, Rall TW, Nies AS, Taylor P, eds. "Goodman and Gilman's the Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 8th ed." New York, NY: Pergamon Press Inc. (1990):.
• [54] Product Information. Stribild (cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofov). Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA.
• [55] Product Information. Sustiva (efavirenz). DuPont Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, DE.
• [56] Anson BD, Weaver JG, Ackerman MJ, et al. "Blockade of HERG channels by HIV protease inhibitors." Lancet 365 (2005): 682-686. [PMID: 15721475]
• [57] Product Information. Intelence (etravirine). Ortho Biotech Inc, Bridgewater, NJ.
• [58] Farquharson-Roberts MA, Giddings AE, Nunn AJ "Perforation of small bowel due to slow release potassium chloride (slow-K)." Br Med J 3 (1975): 206. [PMID: 1148734]
• [59] Product Information. Givlaari (givosiran). Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA.
• [60] Postma JU, van Tilburg W "Visual hallucinations and delirium during treatment with amantadine (Symmetrel)." J Am Geriatr Soc 23 (1975): 212-5. [PMID: 123540]
• [61] Product Information. Orladeyo (berotralstat). BioCryst Pharmaceuticals Inc, Durham, NC.
• [62] Hill AG, Parry BR "Hypokalaemia following bowel cleansing with sodium phosphate." N Z Med J 109 (1996): 347. [PMID: 8862361]
• [63] Blakely KM, Drucker AM, Rosen CF "Drug-induced photosensitivity-an update: Culprit drugs, prevention and management." Drug Saf 42 (2019): 827-47. [PMID: 30888626]
• [64] Product Information. Vizimpro (dacomitinib). Pfizer U.S. Pharmaceuticals Group, New York, NY.
• [65] Product Information. Tabrecta (capmatinib). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
• [66] Abernethy DR, Wesche DL, Barbey JT, et al. "Stereoselective halofantrine disposition and effect: concentration-related QTc prolongation." Br J Clin Pharmacol 51 (2001): 231-7. [PMID: 11298069]
• [67] Product Information. Zulresso (brexanolone). Sage Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, MA.
• [68] Product Information. Reyvow (lasmiditan). Lilly, Eli and Company, Indianapolis, IN.
• [69] Product Information. Addyi (flibanserin). Sprout Pharmaceuticals, Raleigh, NC.
• [70] Product Information. Zeposia (ozanimod). Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ.
• [71] Product Information. Mestinon (pyridostigmine). ICN Pharmaceuticals Inc, Cost Mesa, CA.
• [72] Joos AA, Frank UG, Kaschka WP "Pharmacokinetic interaction of clozapine and rifampicin in a forensic patieint with an atypical mycobacterial infection." J Clin Psychopharmacol 18 (1998): 83-5. [PMID: 9472849]
• [73] Product Information. Varubi (rolapitant). Tesaro Inc., Waltham, MA.
• [74] Bateman DN, Rawlins MD, Simpson JM "Extrapyramidal reactions with metoclopramide." Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 291 (1985): 930-2. [PMID: 3929968]
• [75] Product Information. Belviq (lorcaserin). Eisai Inc, Teaneck, NJ.
• [76] Hansen BS, Dam M, Brandt J, et al "Influence of dextropropoxyphene on steady state serum levels and protein binding of three anti-epileptic drugs in man." Acta Neurol Scand 61 (1980): 357-67. [PMID: 6998251]
• [77] Mims RB, Scott CL, Modebe O, Bethune JE "Inhibition of L-dopa-induced growth hormone stimulation by pyridoxine and chlorpromazine." J Clin Endocrinol Metab 40 (1975): 256-9. [PMID: 1117978]
• [78] Product Information. Apokyn (apomorphine). Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc, Morgantown, WV.
• [79] Product Information. Xeglyze (abametapir topical). Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Inc, Upper Saddle River, NJ.
• [80] Matsuoka LY "Convulsions following application of gamma benzene hexachloride." J Am Acad Dermatol 5 (1981): 98-9. [PMID: 6168673]
• [81] Frick A, Kopitz J, Bergemann N "Omeprazole reduces clozapine plasma concentrations. A case report." Pharmacopsychiatry 36 (2003): 121-3. [PMID: 12806570]
• [82] Product Information. Macrilen (macimorelin). Aeterna Zentaris, Charleston, SC.
• [83] Product Information. Xenleta (lefamulin). Nabriva Therapeutics US, Inc., King of Prussia, PA.
• [84] Product Information. Zokinvy (lonafarnib). Eiger BioPharmaceuticals, Palo Alto, CA.
• [85] Ansari SR, Chopra N "Gatifloxacin and Prolonged QT Interval." Am J Med Sci 327 (2004): 55-6. [PMID: 14722399]
• [86] Product Information. Celebrex (celecoxib). Searle, Chicago, IL.
• [87] Celiker A, Tokel K, Cil E, Ozkutlu S, Ozme S "Adenosine induced torsades de pointes in a child with congenital long QT syndrome." Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 17 (1994): 1814-7. [PMID: 7838793]
• [88] Goto M, Sato M, Kitzazawa H, et.al "Papaverine-induced QT interval prolongation and ventricular fibrillation in a patient with a history of drug-induced QT prolongation." Intern Med 53 (2014): 1629-31. [PMID: 25088875]