Details of the Drug Combination

General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCUC0VT)

• Drug Combination Name: Pentamidine + Amantadine
• Indication: Chronic myelogenous leukemia; Status: Investigative [1]
• Component Drugs:
  Pentamidine (DMHZJCG): Small molecular drug
  Amantadine (DMS3YE9): Small molecular drug
• High-throughput Screening Result:
  Testing Cell Line: KBM-7
  Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 22.7
  Bliss Independence Score: 22.7
  Loewe Additivity Score: 38.55
  LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 38.55

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Indication(s) of Pentamidine

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
African trypanosomiasis	1F51	Approved	[2]
Fungal infection	1F29-1F2F	Approved	[3]
Pneumocystis pneumonia	CA40.20	Approved	[2]
Human immunodeficiency virus infection	1C62	Withdrawn from market	[4]

Pentamidine Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Tryptase alpha/beta-1 (Tryptase)	TTM1TDX	TRYB1_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[8]

Pentamidine Interacts with 1 DTP Molecule(s)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Organic cation transporter 1 (SLC22A1)	DTT79CX	S22A1_HUMAN	Substrate	[9]

Pentamidine Interacts with 6 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	DE4LYSA	CP3A4_HUMAN	Metabolism	[10]
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2)	DEJGDUW	CP1A2_HUMAN	Metabolism	[10]
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)	DECB0K3	CP2D6_HUMAN	Metabolism	[10]
Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5)	DEIBDNY	CP3A5_HUMAN	Metabolism	[10]
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8)	DES5XRU	CP2C8_HUMAN	Metabolism	[10]
Mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase (CYP2C19)	DEGTFWK	CP2CJ_HUMAN	Metabolism	[11]

Pentamidine Interacts with 26 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	OTQGYY83	CP3A4_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[12]
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)	OTZJC802	CP2D6_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[12]
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19)	OTFMJYYE	CP2CJ_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[12]
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9)	OTGLBN29	CP2C9_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[12]
Nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1)	OT4FU8C0	NUPR1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[7]
Alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (SERPINA3)	OT9BP2S0	AACT_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[7]
Serine protease hepsin (HPN)	OT7QNA61	HEPS_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[7]
Fatty acid-binding protein, liver (FABP1)	OTR34ETM	FABPL_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[7]
Asparagine synthetase (ASNS)	OT8R922G	ASNS_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[7]
Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 3 (SLC2A3)	OT2HZK5M	GTR3_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[7]
Lanosterol synthase (LSS)	OT9W2SFH	LSS_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[7]
Inhibin beta E chain (INHBE)	OTOI2NYG	INHBE_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[7]
Nuclear receptor subfamily 0 group B member 2 (NR0B2)	OT7UVICX	NR0B2_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[7]
Fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 4 (FNDC4)	OTOQK0WK	FNDC4_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[7]
Protein DEPP1 (DEPP1)	OTB36PHJ	DEPP1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[7]
Nibrin (NBN)	OT73B5MD	NBN_HUMAN	Affects Localization	[13]
Interleukin-1 beta (IL1B)	OT0DWXXB	IL1B_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[14]
HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ beta 1 chain (HLA-DQB1)	OTVVI3UI	DQB1_HUMAN	Affects Expression	[15]
Interferon gamma receptor 1 (IFNGR1)	OTCTQBWW	INGR1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[16]
Histone H2AX (H2AX)	OT18UX57	H2AX_HUMAN	Affects Localization	[13]
Double-strand break repair protein MRE11 (MRE11)	OTGU8TZM	MRE11_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[13]
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 (KCNH2)	OTZX881H	KCNH2_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[17]
Serine-protein kinase ATM (ATM)	OTQVOHLT	ATM_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[13]
Cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1)	OTYXFLSD	CP1B1_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[18]
Histone acetyltransferase KAT5 (KAT5)	OTL7257A	KAT5_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[13]
Bile acid receptor (NR1H4)	OTWZLPTB	NR1H4_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[19]

Indication(s) of Amantadine

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Influenza A virus infection	1E30	Approved	[5]
Parkinsonian disorder	N.A.	Approved	[6]
Postencephalitic Parkinson disease	N.A.	Approved	[6]

Amantadine Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Influenza M2 protein (Influ M)	TTXT3PU	M2_I34A1	Inhibitor	[20]

Amantadine Interacts with 1 DTP Molecule(s)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Organic cation transporter 2 (SLC22A2)	DT9IDPW	S22A2_HUMAN	Substrate	[21]

Amantadine Interacts with 8 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Interferon alpha-inducible protein 6 (IFI6)	OTWOOAM4	IFI6_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[22]
Microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2)	OT6UYT3X	MTAP2_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[23]
Interferon alpha/beta receptor 1 (IFNAR1)	OTD4OOFK	INAR1_HUMAN	Affects Expression	[22]
Tyrosine-protein kinase JAK1 (JAK1)	OT0X3D17	JAK1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[22]
2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthase 2 (OAS2)	OT64CCTM	OAS2_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[22]
Interferon alpha-inducible protein 27, mitochondrial (IFI27)	OTI2XGIT	IFI27_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[22]
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 (KCNH2)	OTZX881H	KCNH2_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[17]
Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (TDP1)	OTYINMBR	TYDP1_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[24]

References

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• [2] Pentamidine FDA Label
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• [4] Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
• [5] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 4128).
• [6] Amantadine FDA Label
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• [14] Profiling the immunotoxicity of chemicals based on in vitro evaluation by a combination of the Multi-ImmunoTox assay and the IL-8 Luc assay. Arch Toxicol. 2018 Jun;92(6):2043-2054. doi: 10.1007/s00204-018-2199-7. Epub 2018 Mar 29.
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• [16] Antileishmanial drugs cause up-regulation of interferon-gamma receptor 1, not only in the monocytes of visceral leishmaniasis cases but also in cultured THP1 cells. Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 2003 Apr;97(3):245-57. doi: 10.1179/000349803235001714.
• [17] Identification of human Ether--go-go related gene modulators by three screening platforms in an academic drug-discovery setting. Assay Drug Dev Technol. 2010 Dec;8(6):727-42. doi: 10.1089/adt.2010.0331.
• [18] Association of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 inhibition in in vitro assays with drug-induced liver injury. J Toxicol Sci. 2021;46(4):167-176. doi: 10.2131/jts.46.167.
• [19] Investigation of imatinib and other approved drugs as starting points for antidiabetic drug discovery with FXR modulating activity. Biochem Pharmacol. 2012 Jun 15;83(12):1674-81. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2012.02.027. Epub 2012 Mar 7.
• [20] Discovery of spiro-piperidine inhibitors and their modulation of the dynamics of the M2 proton channel from influenza A virus. J Am Chem Soc. 2009 Jun 17;131(23):8066-76.
• [21] Human neurons express the polyspecific cation transporter hOCT2, which translocates monoamine neurotransmitters, amantadine, and memantine. Mol Pharmacol. 1998 Aug;54(2):342-52.
• [22] Interferon signal transduction of biphenyl dimethyl dicarboxylate/amantadine and anti-HBV activity in HepG2 2.2.15. Arch Pharm Res. 2006 May;29(5):405-11. doi: 10.1007/BF02968591.
• [23] Establishment of a 13 genes-based molecular prediction score model to discriminate the neurotoxic potential of food relevant-chemicals. Toxicol Lett. 2022 Feb 1;355:1-18. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2021.10.013. Epub 2021 Nov 5.
• [24] Aminoadamantanes containing monoterpene-derived fragments as potent tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 inhibitors. Bioorg Chem. 2018 Feb;76:392-399. doi: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2017.12.005. Epub 2017 Dec 9.