Details of the Drug-Related molecule(s) Interaction Atlas

General Information of Drug (ID: DMN3E57)

Drug Name
Levodopa Drug Info
Synonyms Levodopa (optimized formulation, Parkinson's disease); More effective levodopa (Parkinson's disease), Orion; Levodopa (optimized formulation, Parkinson's disease), Orion
Indication
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Parkinson disease 8A00.0 Approved [1]
Parkinsonian disorder Approved [2]
Postencephalitic Parkinson disease Approved [2]
Cross-matching ID
PubChem CID
6047
ChEBI ID
CHEBI:15765
CAS Number
CAS 59-92-7
TTD Drug ID
DMN3E57
VARIDT Drug ID
DR00125
INTEDE Drug ID
DR0939

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas
Molecule Type:
DTT
DTP
DME
DOT
Drug Status:
Approved Drug(s)
Investigative Drug(s)
Clinical Trial Drug(s)
Patented Agent(s)
Download the Complete Related Drug List
Drug(s) Targeting Dopamine D2 receptor (D2R)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Dopamine DMPGUCF Acromegaly 5A60.0 Approved [17]
Haloperidol DM96SE0 Delirium Approved [18]
Perphenazine DMA4MRX Schizophrenia 6A20 Approved [19]
Perazine DM2AOTZ Psychotic disorder 6A20-6A25 Approved [20]
Domperidone DMBDPY0 Gastrointestinal disease DE2Z Approved [21]
Quetiapine DM1N62C Anorexia nervosa cachexia 6B80 Approved [22]
Pimozide DMW83TP Schizophrenia 6A20 Approved [23]
Chlorpromazine DMBGZI3 Acute intermittent hepatic porphyria 5C58.11 Approved [24]
Iloperidone DM6AUFY Schizophrenia 6A20 Approved [25]
Risperidone DMN6DXL Bipolar I disorder Approved [26]
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Drug(s) Transported By P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Amoxicillin DMUYNEI Acute otitis media AB00 Approved [4]
Doxorubicin DMVP5YE Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [27]
Methotrexate DM2TEOL Anterior urethra cancer Approved [28]
Folic Acid DMEMBJC Colorectal carcinoma Approved [29]
Fluorouracil DMUM7HZ Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [28]
Cisplatin DMRHGI9 Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [28]
Progesterone DMUY35B Amenorrhea GA20.0 Approved [30]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [28]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [31]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [32]
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Drug(s) Transported By L-type amino acid transporter 1 (SLC7A5)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
L-glutamine DM69G8X Short bowel syndrome KB89.1 Approved [33]
Gabapentin DM6T924 Complex partial seizure 8A68.0 Approved [34]
Pregabalin DMDVP3B Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Approved [35]
L-leucine DMQHN7I Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [33]
Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Doxorubicin DMVP5YE Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [36]
Progesterone DMUY35B Amenorrhea GA20.0 Approved [37]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [38]
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [39]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [40]
Quinine DMSWYF5 Malaria 1F40-1F45 Approved [41]
Propofol DMB4OLE Anaesthesia 9A78.6 Approved [42]
Dopamine DMPGUCF Acromegaly 5A60.0 Approved [43]
Nicotine DMWX5CO Lung cancer 2C25.0 Approved [44]
Propranolol DM79NTF Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [45]
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Drug(s) Metabolized By Thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Methotrexate DM2TEOL Anterior urethra cancer Approved [46]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [47]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [48]
Mercaptopurine DMTM2IK Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [49]
Ergotidine DM78IME Osteoarthritis FA00-FA05 Approved [50]
Vitamin C DMXJ7O8 Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [51]
Cefazolin DMPDYFR Bacteremia 1A73 Approved [52]
Epinephrine DM3KJBC Acute asthma CA23 Approved [53]
Thioguanine DM7NKEV Acute lymphocytic leukaemia 2B33.3 Approved [54]
Azathioprine DMMZSXQ Lupus nephritis 4A40.0Y Approved [55]
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Drug(s) Metabolized By DOPA decarboxylase (DDC)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
L-Tryptophan DMIBH7M Depression 6A70-6A7Z Approved [56]
Droxidopa DM5YF4M Chronic fatigue syndrome 8E49 Approved [57]
Drug(s) Metabolized By Tyrosine decarboxylase (tdc)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
L-Tyrosine DM9O8DT Malnutrition 5B50-5B71 Approved [58]
Drug(s) Affected By Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase (DDC)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Quercetin DM3NC4M Obesity 5B81 Approved [59]
Tretinoin DM49DUI Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [60]
Isotretinoin DM4QTBN Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [61]
Ciclosporin DMAZJFX Graft-versus-host disease 4B24 Approved [62]
Isoflurophate DMBSK7X Glaucoma/ocular hypertension 9C61 Approved [63]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [64]
Azathioprine DMMZSXQ Lupus nephritis 4A40.0Y Approved [65]
Cupric Sulfate DMP0NFQ Fungal infection 1F29-1F2F Approved [66]
Cisplatin DMRHGI9 Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [67]
Menadione DMSJDTY Vitamin K deficiency 5B59 Approved [68]
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Drug(s) Affected By Catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Epinephrine DM3KJBC Acute asthma CA23 Approved [12]
Dobutamine DMD1B8Z Heart failure BD10-BD13 Approved [12]
Dopamine DMPGUCF Acromegaly 5A60.0 Approved [12]
Modafinil DMYILBE Malignant glioma 2A00.0 Approved [69]
Fulvestrant DM0YZC6 Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [70]
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Infectious disease 1A00-CA43.1 Approved [71]
Tretinoin DM49DUI Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [72]
Tolcapone DM8MNVO Parkinson disease 8A00.0 Approved [73]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [74]
Ivermectin DMDBX5F Intestinal strongyloidiasis due to nematode parasite 1F6B Approved [75]
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Drug(s) Affected By Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3 (RAPGEF3)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [74]
Hydrocortisone DMGEMB7 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [76]
Ethinyl Estradiol DMODJ40 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [77]
Cisplatin DMRHGI9 Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [78]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [79]
Triclosan DMZUR4N Malaria 1F40-1F45 Approved [80]
Genistein DM0JETC Menopause symptom GA30.0 Phase 2/3 [81]
Benzo(a)pyrene DMN7J43 N. A. N. A. Phase 1 [82]
PMID28460551-Compound-2 DM4DOUB N. A. N. A. Patented [83]
bisphenol A DM2ZLD7 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [84]
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Drug(s) Affected By Vasopressin-neurophysin 2-copeptin (AVP)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Methotrexate DM2TEOL Anterior urethra cancer Approved [85]
Naloxone DM3FXMA Narcotic depression 6A7Z Approved [86]
Oxprenolol DM51OQW Anxiety Approved [87]
Chlorpromazine DMBGZI3 Acute intermittent hepatic porphyria 5C58.11 Approved [88]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [74]
Carvedilol DMHTEAO Chronic heart failure BD1Z Approved [89]
Luvox DMJKROX Anxiety disorder 6B00-6B0Z Approved [90]
Sodium chloride DMM3950 Skin burns ME65.0 Approved [91]
Chlorpropamide DMPHZQE Non-insulin dependent diabetes 5A11 Approved [92]
Indomethacin DMSC4A7 Bursitis Approved [93]
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Drug(s) Affected By Thyrotropin subunit beta (TSHB)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Methimazole DM25FL8 Hyperthyroidism 5A02 Approved [94]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [74]
Octreotide DMHIDCJ Acromegaly 5A60.0 Approved [95]
Amiodarone DMUTEX3 Tachyarrhythmias BC71 Approved [96]
Fluorouracil DMUM7HZ Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [97]
Liothyronine DM6IR3P Congenital hypothyroidism Approved [98]
NITRATE DMVFB93 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [99]
[3H]cAMP DMZRQU7 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [100]
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Drug(s) Affected By Prolactin (PRL)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [101]
Ranitidine DM0GUSX Gastric ulcer DA60 Approved [102]
Fulvestrant DM0YZC6 Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [103]
Citalopram DM2G9AE Acute coronary syndrome BA41 Approved [104]
Methotrexate DM2TEOL Anterior urethra cancer Approved [105]
Thioridazine DM35M8J Schizophrenia 6A20 Approved [106]
Naloxone DM3FXMA Narcotic depression 6A7Z Approved [107]
Aripiprazole DM3NUMH Bipolar I disorder Approved [108]
Fluoxetine DM3PD2C Bipolar depression Approved [109]
Penicillamine DM40EF6 Cystinuria 5C60.2 Approved [110]
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Drug(s) Affected By Somatotropin (GH1)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Polyethylene glycol DM4I1JP Constipation DD91.1 Approved [111]
Clonidine DM6RZ9Q Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 6A05.Z Approved [112]
Adenosine triphosphate DM79F6G Malnutrition 5B50-5B71 Approved [113]
Cyproheptadine DM92AH3 Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [114]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [74]
Sodium oxybate DMBOV5P Narcolepsy 7A20 Approved [115]
Ethanol DMDRQZU Chronic pain MG30 Approved [111]
Connexyn DMF29Q5 Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 6A05.Z Approved [116]
Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid DMGBKVD Narcolepsy 7A20 Approved [117]
Hydrocortisone DMGEMB7 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [118]
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Drug(s) Affected By Dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Disulfiram DMCL2OK Alcohol dependence 6C40.2 Approved [119]
Tretinoin DM49DUI Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [60]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [74]
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [120]
Bromocriptine DMVE3TK Acromegaly 5A60.0 Approved [13]
Nicotine DMWX5CO Lung cancer 2C25.0 Approved [121]
Artesunate DMR27C8 Infection of P. falciparum 1F40 Approved [122]
Lamotrigine DM8SXYG Bipolar disorder 6A60 Approved [123]
Cocaine DMSOX7I Anaesthesia 9A78.6 Approved [124]
Urethane DM7NSI0 N. A. N. A. Phase 4 [125]
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Drug(s) Affected By Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Cisplatin DMRHGI9 Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [126]
Progesterone DMUY35B Amenorrhea GA20.0 Approved [127]
Cannabidiol DM0659E Dravet syndrome 8A61.11 Approved [128]
Sertraline DM0FB1J Coronary heart disease BA80.Z Approved [129]
Beta-carotene DM0RXBT Vitamin deficiency 5B55-5B71 Approved [130]
Fulvestrant DM0YZC6 Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [131]
Secobarbital DM14RF5 Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [132]
Gefitinib DM15F0X Colon adenocarcinoma Approved [133]
Fexofenadine DM17ONX Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [134]
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Infectious disease 1A00-CA43.1 Approved [135]
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Drug(s) Affected By Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Ethanol DMDRQZU Chronic pain MG30 Approved [136]
Progesterone DMUY35B Amenorrhea GA20.0 Approved [127]
Carvedilol DMHTEAO Chronic heart failure BD1Z Approved [137]
Paclitaxel DMLB81S Breast carcinoma Approved [138]
Etoposide DMNH3PG Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [139]
Cisplatin DMRHGI9 Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [126]
Urokinase DM0GOUD Myocardial infarction BA41-BA43 Approved [14]
Cannabidiol DM0659E Dravet syndrome 8A61.11 Approved [140]
Sertraline DM0FB1J Coronary heart disease BA80.Z Approved [129]
Beta-carotene DM0RXBT Vitamin deficiency 5B55-5B71 Approved [130]
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Drug(s) Affected By Caspase-3 (CASP3)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Sevoflurane DMC9O43 Anaesthesia 9A78.6 Approved [141]
Arsenic trioxide DM61TA4 Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [142]
Lovastatin DM9OZWQ Arteriosclerosis BD40 Approved [143]
Cidofovir DMA13GD Cytomegalovirus infection 1D82 Approved [144]
Docetaxel DMDI269 Advanced cancer 2A00-2F9Z Approved [145]
Etoposide DMNH3PG Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [146]
Cisplatin DMRHGI9 Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [147]
Mannitol DMSCDY9 Bronchiectasis CA24 Approved [148]
Doxorubicin DMVP5YE Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [149]
Aprepitant DM053KT Depression 6A70-6A7Z Approved [150]
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Drug(s) Affected By Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5 (MAP3K5)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Selenium DM25CGV N. A. N. A. Approved [151]
obeticholic acid DM3Q1SM Primary biliary cholangitis DB96.1 Approved [152]
Troglitazone DM3VFPD Diabetic complication 5A2Y Approved [153]
Tretinoin DM49DUI Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [72]
Calcitriol DM8ZVJ7 Congenital alopecia LC30 Approved [154]
Efavirenz DMC0GSJ Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [155]
Sevoflurane DMC9O43 Anaesthesia 9A78.6 Approved [156]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [157]
Temozolomide DMKECZD Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [158]
Etoposide DMNH3PG Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [159]
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Drug(s) Affected By Superoxide dismutase (SOD1)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Cisplatin DMRHGI9 Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [160]
Haloperidol DM96SE0 Delirium Approved [14]
Beta-carotene DM0RXBT Vitamin deficiency 5B55-5B71 Approved [161]
Fulvestrant DM0YZC6 Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [162]
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Infectious disease 1A00-CA43.1 Approved [163]
Nitric Oxide DM1RBYG Hypertension BA00-BA04 Approved [164]
SPI-1005 DM6XFHS Reperfusion injury ND56.Z Approved [165]
Methotrexate DM2TEOL Anterior urethra cancer Approved [166]
Epinephrine DM3KJBC Acute asthma CA23 Approved [167]
Quercetin DM3NC4M Obesity 5B81 Approved [168]
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Drug(s) Affected By E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase parkin (PRKN)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Emtricitabine DMBMUWZ Hepatitis virus infection 1E50-1E51 Approved [169]
Tubocurarine DMBZIVP Anaesthesia 9A78.6 Approved [170]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [74]
Ethanol DMDRQZU Chronic pain MG30 Approved [171]
Trifluoperazine DMKBYWI Anxiety Approved [172]
Dopamine DMPGUCF Acromegaly 5A60.0 Approved [173]
Methamphetamine DMPM4SK Anxiety Approved [174]
Sorafenib DMS8IFC Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [175]
Arsenic DMTL2Y1 N. A. N. A. Approved [176]
Doxorubicin DMVP5YE Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [177]
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Drug(s) Affected By Protein c-Fos (FOS)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Arsenic trioxide DM61TA4 Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [178]
Cannabidiol DM0659E Dravet syndrome 8A61.11 Approved [179]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [180]
Sertraline DM0FB1J Coronary heart disease BA80.Z Approved [181]
Acebutolol DM0TI4U Hypertension BA00-BA04 Approved [180]
Fulvestrant DM0YZC6 Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [182]
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Infectious disease 1A00-CA43.1 Approved [71]
Methotrexate DM2TEOL Anterior urethra cancer Approved [183]
Simvastatin DM30SGU Arteriosclerosis BD40 Approved [184]
Quercetin DM3NC4M Obesity 5B81 Approved [185]
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Drug(s) Affected By Opioid growth factor receptor (OGFR)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Cannabidiol DM0659E Dravet syndrome 8A61.11 Approved [179]
Selenium DM25CGV N. A. N. A. Approved [151]
Methotrexate DM2TEOL Anterior urethra cancer Approved [186]
Tretinoin DM49DUI Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [187]
Leflunomide DMR8ONJ Arthritis FA20 Approved [188]
Ciclosporin DMAZJFX Graft-versus-host disease 4B24 Approved [189]
Testosterone enanthate DMB6871 N. A. N. A. Approved [190]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [74]
Ivermectin DMDBX5F Intestinal strongyloidiasis due to nematode parasite 1F6B Approved [75]
Bortezomib DMNO38U Leukemia Approved [191]
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Drug(s) Affected By Homer protein homolog 1 (HOMER1)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Infectious disease 1A00-CA43.1 Approved [68]
Selenium DM25CGV N. A. N. A. Approved [151]
Tretinoin DM49DUI Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [192]
Marinol DM70IK5 Anorexia nervosa cachexia 6B80 Approved [193]
Ciclosporin DMAZJFX Graft-versus-host disease 4B24 Approved [194]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [74]
Ivermectin DMDBX5F Intestinal strongyloidiasis due to nematode parasite 1F6B Approved [75]
Niclosamide DMJAGXQ Cestodes infection 1F70-1F76 Approved [195]
Cisplatin DMRHGI9 Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [78]
Arsenic DMTL2Y1 N. A. N. A. Approved [176]
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Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Molecular Interaction Atlas
Download the Complete Interaction Atlas for Visualization in Cytoscape

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) TTEX248 DRD2_HUMAN Modulator [1]

Drug Transporter (DTP)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID MOA REF
L-type amino acid transporter 1 (SLC7A5) DT48T0N LAT1_HUMAN Substrate [3]
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1) DTUGYRD MDR1_HUMAN Substrate [4]

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) DECB0K3 CP2D6_HUMAN Substrate [5]
DOPA decarboxylase (DDC) DETK9CN DDC_HUMAN Substrate [6]
Thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) DEFQ8VO TPMT_HUMAN Substrate [7]
Tyrosine decarboxylase (tdc) DE3HL9N TYRDC_ENTFA Substrate [8] , [9]
Tyrosine decarboxylase (tdc) DEX2ZLF TYRDC_LACBR Substrate [9]

Drug Off-Target (DOT)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Interaction REF
Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase (DDC) OT0TSW09 DDC_HUMAN Drug Response [10]
Caspase-3 (CASP3) OTIJRBE7 CASP3_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [11]
Catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) OTPWKTQG COMT_HUMAN Biotransformations [12]
Dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) OTC6I2SP DOPO_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [13]
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase parkin (PRKN) OTJBN41W PRKN_HUMAN Drug Response [14]
Homer protein homolog 1 (HOMER1) OTWFD3SI HOME1_HUMAN Drug Response [15]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) OTH85PI5 MK01_HUMAN Post-Translational Modifications [16]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3) OTCYKGKO MK03_HUMAN Post-Translational Modifications [16]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5 (MAP3K5) OTQR6ENW M3K5_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [11]
Opioid growth factor receptor (OGFR) OTROS6RJ OGFR_HUMAN Drug Response [14]

References

1 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 3639).
2 Levodopa FDA Label
3 Modulation of LAT1 (SLC7A5) transporter activity and stability by membrane cholesterol. Sci Rep. 2017 Mar 8;7:43580.
4 Human intestinal transporter database: QSAR modeling and virtual profiling of drug uptake, efflux and interactions. Pharm Res. 2013 Apr;30(4):996-1007.
5 Multiple cytochrome P450 enzymes responsible for the oxidative metabolism of the substituted (S)-3-phenylpiperidine, (S,S)-3-[3-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-1-propylpiperidine hydrochloride, in human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2002 Dec;30(12):1372-7.
6 Complexity of dopamine metabolism. Cell Commun Signal. 2013 May 17;11(1):34.
7 Reduced 3-O-methyl-dopa levels in OCD patients and their unaffected parents is associated with the low activity M158 COMT allele. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 2010 Mar 5;153B(2):542-548.
8 Discovery and inhibition of an interspecies gut bacterial pathway for Levodopa metabolism. Science. 2019 Jun 14;364(6445). pii: eaau6323.
9 Gut bacterial tyrosine decarboxylases restrict levels of levodopa in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Nat Commun. 2019 Jan 18;10(1):310.
10 Focal striatal dopamine may potentiate dyskinesias in parkinsonian monkeys. Exp Neurol. 2006 Feb;197(2):363-72. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2005.10.022. Epub 2005 Dec 9.
11 Levodopa activates apoptosis signaling kinase 1 (ASK1) and promotes apoptosis in a neuronal model: implications for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Chem Res Toxicol. 2011 Oct 17;24(10):1644-52. doi: 10.1021/tx200082h. Epub 2011 Aug 22.
12 Molecular mechanisms controlling the rate and specificity of catechol O-methylation by human soluble catechol O-methyltransferase. Mol Pharmacol. 2001 Feb;59(2):393-402. doi: 10.1124/mol.59.2.393.
13 Plasma dopamine beta hydroxylase (D.B.H.) activity in Parkinsonian patients under L-dopa, and 2-bromo-alpha-ergocriptine loading. J Neural Transm. 1979;46(1):71-8. doi: 10.1007/BF01243430.
14 ADReCS-Target: target profiles for aiding drug safety research and application. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D911-D917. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx899.
15 Association of common genetic variants of HOMER1 gene with levodopa adverse effects in Parkinson's disease patients. Pharmacogenomics J. 2014 Jun;14(3):289-94. doi: 10.1038/tpj.2013.37. Epub 2013 Oct 15.
16 Multiple treatments with L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine modulate dopamine biosynthesis and neurotoxicity through the protein kinase A-transient extracellular signal-regulated kinase and exchange protein activation by cyclic AMP-sustained extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathways. J Neurosci Res. 2014 Dec;92(12):1746-56. doi: 10.1002/jnr.23450. Epub 2014 Jul 12.
17 The Detection of Dopamine Gene Receptors (DRD1-DRD5) Expression on Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes by Real Time PCR. Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2004 Dec;3(4):169-74.
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