Details of Disease

General Information of Disease (ID: DISZA8D0)

• Disease Name: Carotid stenosis
• Synonyms: stenosis, carotid artery; carotid artery stenosis
• Definition: A narrowing of the carotid artery lumen. It is usually caused by the formation of an atherosclerotic plaque. Symptoms are usually present when there is severe narrowing or obstruction of the arterial lumen and manifest as ischemic cerebrovascular accidents.
• Disease Hierarchy:
  DISLRVLT: Carotid artery disease
  DISZA8D0: Carotid stenosis
• Disease Identifiers:
  MONDO ID: MONDO_0001612
  MESH ID: D016893
  UMLS CUI: C0007282
  MedGen ID: 785
  HPO ID: HP:0100546
  SNOMED CT ID: 64586002

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This Disease

This Disease Is Related to 16 DTT Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DTT ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
CNP	TT71P0H	Limited	Biomarker	[1]
IL4	TTLGTKB	Limited	Therapeutic	[2]
TLR4	TTISGCA	Limited	Therapeutic	[3]
CSE1L	TTTRULD	moderate	Biomarker	[4]
SPP1	TT8ME6I	moderate	Altered Expression	[5]
ADAM8	TTQWYMD	Strong	Altered Expression	[6]
APOE	TTKS9CB	Strong	Genetic Variation	[7]
LGMN	TTPTWV5	Strong	Altered Expression	[8]
PCSK9	TTNIZ2B	Strong	Biomarker	[9]
PPIA	TTL2ADK	Strong	Biomarker	[10]
SLC26A4	TT7X02I	Strong	Biomarker	[11]
TLN1	TTQSMFG	Strong	Biomarker	[12]
TLR2	TTY7ZHS	Strong	Biomarker	[13]
TNFRSF11B	TT2CJ75	Strong	Biomarker	[14]
VCAM1	TTHCEF6	Strong	Biomarker	[15]
CXCL9	TTWE5PB	Definitive	Biomarker	[14]

This Disease Is Related to 1 DTP Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DTP ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
SLC39A2	DTL8VXO	Strong	Genetic Variation	[16]

This Disease Is Related to 17 DOT Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DOT ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
HABP2	OTAUIPW0	Limited	Genetic Variation	[17]
MFN2	OTPYN8A3	Limited	Therapeutic	[18]
PROCR	OTRHED17	Limited	Biomarker	[19]
BCAR1	OTKT2C2N	moderate	Biomarker	[4]
CTNND1	OTUMPSHR	moderate	Biomarker	[4]
ADAM22	OT452ZDC	Strong	Altered Expression	[20]
BPIFB4	OTHF0EOJ	Strong	Biomarker	[21]
C11orf96	OTEQU0V7	Strong	Altered Expression	[22]
DHX40	OTOL02QN	Strong	Biomarker	[23]
HSPA2	OTSDET7B	Strong	Genetic Variation	[24]
MDC1	OTEUQH4J	Strong	Altered Expression	[20]
MPZL2	OTKFNDUI	Strong	Biomarker	[11]
RARRES2	OT1BJE8K	Strong	Altered Expression	[25]
SHOC1	OTP51XIP	Strong	Genetic Variation	[16]
SORL1	OTQ8FFNS	Strong	Biomarker	[26]
CLEC11A	OT9KBH7C	Definitive	Biomarker	[14]
SACM1L	OT6ORKTD	Definitive	Genetic Variation	[27]

References

• [1] Concurrent administration of cilostazol with donepezil effectively improves cognitive dysfunction with increased neuroprotection after chronic cerebral hypoperfusion in rats.Brain Res. 2007 Dec 14;1185:246-55. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2007.09.016. Epub 2007 Sep 20.
• [2] Immunotherapy for the prevention of myointimal hyperplasia after experimental balloon injury of the rat carotid artery.Angiology. 2010 Jul;61(5):437-42. doi: 10.1177/0003319710366128. Epub 2010 May 24.
• [3] Stem cell therapy for arterial restenosis: potential parameters contributing to the success of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells.Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2012 Feb;26(1):9-21. doi: 10.1007/s10557-011-6359-8.
• [4] Immediate Carotid Endarterectomy Is Associated with Higher Risk in Symptomatic Patients.Ann Vasc Surg. 2020 Jan;62:15-20. doi: 10.1016/j.avsg.2019.05.008. Epub 2019 Jun 13.
• [5] Serum levels of osteopontin predict major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with severe carotid artery stenosis.Int J Cardiol. 2018 Mar 15;255:195-199. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.01.008. Epub 2018 Jan 5.
• [6] Expression and cellular localization of metalloproteases ADAMs in high graded carotid artery lesions.Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 2012 Dec;72(8):648-56. doi: 10.3109/00365513.2012.734394. Epub 2012 Oct 29.
• [7] Association between genetic polymorphisms and sites of cervicocerebral artery atherosclerosis.J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2012 Jul;21(5):379-85. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2010.10.002. Epub 2011 Feb 5.
• [8] Increased levels of legumain in plasma and plaques from patients with carotid atherosclerosis.Atherosclerosis. 2017 Feb;257:216-223. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.11.026. Epub 2016 Nov 28.
• [9] Stabilization of vulnerable carotid plaques with proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitor alirocumab.Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2019 Mar;161(3):597-600. doi: 10.1007/s00701-019-03825-4. Epub 2019 Feb 7.
• [10] Association of cyclophilin A level and pulse pressure in predicting recurrence of cerebral infarction.Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2020 Feb;36(2):122-128. doi: 10.1002/kjm2.12143. Epub 2019 Oct 31.
• [11] Safety of Carotid Revascularization in Patients With a History of Coronary Heart Disease.Stroke. 2019 Feb;50(2):413-418. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.118.023085.
• [12] Upregulation of miR-330-5p is associated with carotid plaque's stability by targeting Talin-1 in symptomatic carotid stenosis patients.BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2019 Jun 18;19(1):149. doi: 10.1186/s12872-019-1120-5.
• [13] Anti-apolipoprotein A-1 auto-antibodies as active modulators of atherothrombosis.Thromb Haemost. 2016 Aug 30;116(3):554-64. doi: 10.1160/TH16-03-0229. Epub 2016 Jun 30.
• [14] Elevated levels of endothelial-derived microparticles, and serum CXCL9 and SCGF- are associated with unstable asymptomatic carotid plaques.Sci Rep. 2015 Nov 13;5:16658. doi: 10.1038/srep16658.
• [15] VCAM-1 siRNA reduces neointimal formation after surgical mechanical injury of the rat carotid artery.J Vasc Surg. 2009 Dec;50(6):1452-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2009.08.050.
• [16] A novel Zip2 Gln/Arg/Leu codon 2 polymorphism is associated with carotid artery disease in aging.Rejuvenation Res. 2008 Apr;11(2):297-300. doi: 10.1089/rej.2008.0671.
• [17] Factor VII activating protease (FSAP) regulates the expression of inflammatory genes in vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells.Atherosclerosis. 2017 Oct;265:133-139. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.08.029. Epub 2017 Aug 25.
• [18] Dysregulation of HSG triggers vascular proliferative disorders.Nat Cell Biol. 2004 Sep;6(9):872-83. doi: 10.1038/ncb1161. Epub 2004 Aug 22.
• [19] Genome-wide microarray analyses identify the protein C receptor as a novel calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cells-dependent gene in vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic modulation.Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2011 Nov;31(11):2665-75. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.111.235960.
• [20] Dendritic Cells Expressing Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1 Correlate with Plaque Stability in Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Patients with Carotid Stenosis.PLoS One. 2016 May 5;11(5):e0154802. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154802. eCollection 2016.
• [21] Single systemic transfer of a human gene associated with exceptional longevity halts the progression of atherosclerosis and inflammation in ApoE knockout mice through a CXCR4-mediated mechanism.Eur Heart J. 2020 Jul 7;41(26):2487-2497. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz459.
• [22] Profile of von Willebrand factor antigen and von Willebrand factor propeptide in an overall TIA and ischaemic stroke population and amongst subtypes.J Neurol Sci. 2017 Apr 15;375:404-410. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.02.045. Epub 2017 Feb 24.
• [23] Grip strength measurement for frailty assessment in patients with vascular disease and associations with comorbidity, cardiac risk, and sarcopenia.J Vasc Surg. 2018 May;67(5):1512-1520. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2017.08.078. Epub 2017 Dec 21.
• [24] Involvement of -308 TNF-alpha and 1267 Hsp70-2 polymorphisms and zinc status in the susceptibility of coronary artery disease (CAD) in old patients.Biogerontology. 2006 Oct-Dec;7(5-6):347-56. doi: 10.1007/s10522-006-9049-3.
• [25] Increased circulating chemerin in patients with advanced carotid stenosis.BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2018 Apr 13;18(1):65. doi: 10.1186/s12872-018-0803-7.
• [26] Levels of circulating soluble LR11, a regulator of smooth muscle cell migration, are highly associated with atherosclerotic plaques in patients with carotid artery stenosis.Clin Chim Acta. 2019 Mar;490:69-76. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.12.005. Epub 2018 Dec 12.
• [27] Gene polymorphism of apolipoprotein AI, the major protein of high density lipoprotein in predicting stroke risk among white and black subjects.Stroke. 1993 Dec;24(12 Suppl):I26-30; discussion I31-2.